080. Kisi mu’een shakhs Ko shaheed kehna aur – – – !

Kisi mu’een shakhs Ko shaheed kehna aur – – – !

[Sawaal]

Main ne Sahaabi jaleel Hazrat Abu Huraira رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ se marwi yeh Hadees padhi hai ke Rasool-e-Kareem(ﷺ)ne Sahaaba Karaam رضي الله عنهم se poocha ke

مَا تَعُدُّوْنَ الشَّهِيدَ فِيكُمْ؟ قَالُوا : يَارَسُوْلَ اللهِ مَنْ قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ قَالَ : إِنَّ شُهَدَاءَ أُمَّتِي إِذًا لَقَلِيلٌ ، قَالُوا : فَمْنَ يَارَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ: مَنْ قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ، وَمَنْ مَاتَ فِي سَبِيْلِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ، وَمَنْ مَاتَ فِي الطَّاعُوْنِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ، وَمَنْ مَاتَ فِي الْبَطْنِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَالْغَرِيقُ شَهِيدٌ

(Sahih Muslim, Kitaab Al-‘imaarat, Baab Bayaan Al-Shuhada, H: 1915)

“Tum shuhada kin ko samajhte ho? Unhon ne ‘arz kiya “Ya Rasoolullah ! Jo Allah ki raah mein qatal ho jaae woh shaheed hai.” Aap ne farmaaya “Phir to meri Ummat ke shuhada bohat kam hon ge.” Sahaaba ne ‘arz kiya ya Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ! Phir shuhada kon hain? Aap ne farmaaya: “Jo shakhs Allah Ta’ala ke raaste mein qatal ho jaae woh shaheed hai, Jo Allah ke raasta mein Faut ho jaae woh bhi shaheed hai, Jo taa’on se Faut ho woh bhi shaheed hai, Jo pait ki bemaari se Faut ho woh bhi shaheed hai aur jo paani mein gharq ho jaae woh bhi shaheed hai.”

To Kia woh shakhs jo nasha ki haalat mein ho aur paani mein gharq ho jaae, Woh bhi shaheed hai? kyunke Hadees mein gharq hone waale ko shaheed bataaya gaya hai. Umeed hai jawaab se mustafeed farmaaein ge.

[Jawab]

Is sawaal ka jawaab dene se pehle mein is baat ki taraf tawajjuh mabzool karaana pasand karta hoon ke is daur mein bohat se logon ke haan shaheed ke lafz ke iste’maal ka riwaaj bohat ‘aam ho gaya hai hatta keh jo shahaadat ka Ahl nahi hota us se bhi log shaheed kehna shur’u kar dete hain halaankeh yeh Haraam hai kyunke shaheed sirf us se hi kehna chaahiye jis ke shaheed hone ki Nabi (ﷺ) ne shahaadat di hai.

Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ke shahaadat dene ki do qismein hain:

(1) Aap kisi mu’ayyan shakhs ke baare mein yeh shahaadat dein ke woh shaheed hai, Jaisa ke Hadees-e-sahih mein hai ke Nabi Kareem (ﷺ) ‘uhad-e-pahaad par chadhe aur us waqt aap ke saath Hazrat Abu Bakr’ Hazrat ‘Umar aur Hazrat ‘Usman رضي الله عنهم bhi the, Pahaad par larzaah taari hoa to Aap (ﷺ) ne farmaaya:

اثْبُتْ أُحُدُ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ نَبِيٌّ وَصِدِّيقٌ وَشَهِيدَان ،

(Sahih Bukhari, Kitaab fazaail Ashaab Al-Nabi)

(ﷺ) Baab Qaul Al-Nabi (ﷺ) “Lau Kuntu Mutakhaza Khalilan, H: 3675, Sunan Abi Dawood, Kitaab Al-Sunnat, Baab fi Al-Khulafa, H: 4651, -o-Al-Masnad Ahmad, 5 331, 5 338.

“‘Uhad! Saakin raho! Tum par us waqt ek Nabi ek Siddique aur do Shaheed hain.”

To jis se Nabi Kareem (ﷺ) shaheed qaraar dein , Aap (ﷺ) ki tasdeeq-o-itteb’a mein hum bhi us se shaheed kahen ge.

(2) Jinhein Nabi Kareem (ﷺ) ‘Ali wajah Al-‘Umoom shaheed qaraar dein Jaisa ke is Hadees mein hai jis ki taraf saa’il ne ishaarah kiya hai ke woh shakhs jo ke Allah ke raasta mein maqtool ho woh shaheed hai? Jo Allah ke raasta mein Faut ho to woh bhi shaheed hai, Jo gharaq ho jaae woh bhi shaheed hai aur Isi tarah ke deegar shuhada jinhein shahaadat-e-‘Aamaa ke e’itbaar se shaheed kaha gaya hai. Is qism ke e’itbaar se kisi mu’ayyan shakhs ke baare mein hum yeh nahi keh sakte ke woh shaheed hai, Hum yeh zaroor keh sakte hain ke jis shakhs ka yeh wasf ho woh shaheed hai, Lekin kisi mu’een shakhs ko bataur-e-khaas nahi keh sakte ke woh shaheed hai kyunke shahaadat wasf aur cheez hai aur shahaadat ‘ain aur cheez hai,

Isi liye Hazrat Imaam Bukhari رحمة الله ne apni “Sahih” mein ek baab ka unwaan hi is tarah qaaim farmaaya hai ke

. . . . . . . باب لا يقال فلان شهيد

yeh na kaha jaae ke falaan shakhs shaheed hai . . . . . . . Aur unhon ne Nabi’ (ﷺ) ke un alfaaz se istadlaal kiya hai ke:

اللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ يُجَاهِدُ في سَبِيلِهِ

(Sahih Bukhari, Kitaab Al-Jihaad-o-Al-Seer, Baab Raqam: 77, Dar-ul-salaam)

“Allah behtar jaanta hai ke us ke raasta mein kon Jihaad karta hai?”

Nez yeh ke:

وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ يُكْلَمُ فِي سَبِيلِهِ

(Sahih Bukhari, Kitaab Al-Jihaad-o-Al-Seer, Baab Raqam: 77, Daar-ul-salaam)

“Allah behtar jaanta hai ke us ki raah mein kiss se zakham lagta hai?”

Phir aap ne us ‘unwaan ke teht woh mashoor aur taweel Hadees bayaan farmaai hai jis mein us aadmi ka qissa mazkoor hai jo ek ghazwah mein Nabi Kareem (ﷺ) ke saath tha aur wo bohat bahaadur aur diler tha aur kisi bhi dushman ko waar kiye baghair jaane na deta tha. Sahaaba Karaam رضي الله عنهم ne Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ke saamne us ki ta’reef ki to Aap (ﷺ) ne farmaaya ke:

إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فِيْمَا يَبْدُو لِلنَّاسِ وَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ

(Sahih Bukhari, Kitaab Al-Jihaad-o-Al-Seer, Baab Laa Yaqaal falaan Shaheed, H: 2898)

“Aadmi Ahl-e-Jannat ke se kaam karta rehta hai jaisa ke logon ko bazaahir nazar aata hai lekin haqeeqat mein woh jahannumi hota hai.”

Imaam Bukhari رحمة الله ka yeh istadlaal bilkul waazeh hai kyunke Nabi (ﷺ) ke Irshaad :

“Allah behtar jaanta hai ke us ke raasta mein kon Jihaad karta hai.”

se ma’loom hota hai ke zaahir haal kabhi baatini haal ke khilaaf bhi hota hai aur ukharwi ahkaam zaahir ke nahi balkeh baatin ke mutaabiq hon ge.

Imaam Bukhari ne is baab ke teht jo waqi’a bayaan farmaaya hai woh bilkul zaahir hai ke Hazraat Sahaaba Karaam رضي الله عنهم mein se ek shakhs ne us ke halaat ka jaaiza liya to ma’loom hoa ke aakhir mein us shakhs ne khud kushi kar li thi lehaaza hum logon ke zaahir-e-haal ke mutaabiq un par ukharwi ahkaam muntabiq nahi kar sakte aur naswis ko hum ‘umoom par rakhen ge lekin yeh Allah behtar jaanta hai ke yeh shakhs us nas ke musadiq hai ya nahi.

Hafiz Ibn-e-Hajar رحمة الله ne “Fatah-ul-Baari fi Sharah Sahih Al-Bukhari” mein zikr kiya hai ke Hazrat ‘Umar-Bin-Khattaab رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ne khutba dete hue Irshaad farmaaya ke tum apne ghazwaat ke bayaan mein kehte ho ke falaan shakhs shaheed hai aur falaan shakhs shaheed Faut hoa halaankeh ho sakta hai ke us ki sawaari ne us se gira diya ho lehaaza tum yeh na kaha karo balkeh is tarah kaha karo jis tarah Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ne farmaaya ke:

مَنْ مَاتَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَوْ قُتِلَ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ

“Jo shakhs Allah Ta’ala ke raasta mein Faut hoa ya qatal hoa woh shaheed hai.”

(Sahih Muslim, Kitaab Al-‘imaarat, Baab Al-Shuhada, H: 1915, Masnad Ahmad, 2 522)

Hafiz Ibn-e-Hajar farmaate hain ke yeh Hadees-e-Hassan hai, lehaaza hum kisi ko nas ke mutaabiq hi shaheed kahen ge Yaane agar Anhazrat (ﷺ) ne kisi mu’een shakhs ko shaheed qaraar diya hai to hum bhi us se shaheed kahen ge aur agar aap ne shahaadat ko ‘Ali Al-‘Umoom farmaaya hai to hum bhi us se ‘umoom hi par rakhen ge,

Lehaaza saa’il ka jo yeh sawaal hai ke ek shakhs jo nasha ki haalat mein gharaq hoa to Kia woh shaheed shumaar ho ga? To is ka jawaab yeh hai ke is tarah gharaq hone waale kisi mu’een shakhs ko hum shaheed nahi keh sakte khuwah gharaq hote waqt us ne sharaab pi thi ya nahi pi thi, Woh nashe mein tha ya nashe mein nahi tha.

Nasha ki munaasibat se yahan yeh zikr karna bhi be jaana ho ga ke sharaab peena kabeerah-e-gunaahon mein se hai, Har ‘aaqil musalmaan par waajib hai ke woh us se chod de aur us se ijtinaab kare jaisa ke Allah Ta’ala ne us ke tark kar dene ka hukm diya hai, Agar koi shakhs sharaab piye hatta ke us se nasha ho jaae to us se koode lagaae jaaein ge, Agar phir piye to phir koode lagaae jaaein ge, Agar phir piye to teesri baar koode lagaae jaaein ge aur agar chawthi baar bhi piye to ba’az Ahl-e-ilm ke ba qawl us se qatal kar diya jaae ga jaisa ke Hadees mein aaya hai aur ba’az Ahl-e-ilm yeh kehte hain ke nahi us se qatal nahi kiya jaae ga kyunke woh Hadees-e-mansookh hai jis mein qatal karne ka hukm hai.

Shaikh-ul-Islam Ibn-e-Taymiyyah رحمة الله farmaate hain ke agar koi koode lagne se ba’az aa jaae to us se qatal nahi kiya jaae ga aur agar sharaab noshi is qadar kasrat se phel jaae ke baar baar saza ke bawajood bhi log is se baaz na aaein to phir us ki saza qatal hai.

__Shaikh Ibn-e-‘Usaymeen__