Imam Jalaaluddin As-Suyuti  رحمه الله  

 

Imam Jalaaluddin As-Suyuti  رحمه الله  ka zamaana aur un ki zindagi 

 

Imam Jalaluddin Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) un yakta aur yagaanah shakhsiyaat mein say thay jin ki zindagi ka aksar hissa Wirsa-e-Islami ki khidmat mein guzra. Khusoosan tafseer aur hadith un ki khidmat ka markaz hai. Lekin is kay bawajood un ki shakhsiyat kay mutalliq do qism kay nazariyaat maujood hain. Baaz nay unki azmat ko intihayi buland andaaz mein khiraaj-e-tehseen paish kiya jub kay baaz logon nay unki zindagi par aisi tanqeed ki jis nay unki tamaam azmaton par pardah daal diya.

 

Yeh ek musallama haqeeqat hai keh insaan par apnay zamana kay halaat-o-waqiyat ka gehra asar hota hai. Is liye behter hoga keh hum aap kay zamanah kay siyasi aur mua’sharti halaat par taerana nazar daalein.

 

Imam Mausoof ( رحمه الله) nay Barjiah aur Jirakasah badshahon kay zamanay mein 849 Hijri mein Mansah-e-Shahbood par jalwa farmaya aur 911 Hijri mein is daar-e-faani ko khair baad kaha. Ye daur zulm-o-tashaddud, adam sabaat aur izteraab ka daur tha. Imam Suyuti (رحمه الله) nay apni zindagi kay mukhtasar daur mein 10 se zyada salateen ka badalta hua iqtidaar dekha. Aik saal mein 3 baadshah mutawatir masnad iqtidaar par birajmaan huye.

 

1- Malik Zahir  Abu Nasr Al-Inali Al-Moeedi,

2- Abu Saeed Tamr Bagha Az-Zahiri,

3- Al-Malik Al-Ashraf Qayitbali Al-Hammoudi.

 

In salateen nay aik saal say kam arsah mein saltanat ki hukmarani kay liye apas mein jhagda kiya aur har aik nay baadshahi ka apna hissa wusool kiya. In iqtedaar kay hareeson nay fitnah-o-fasaad ki aag ko khoob bhadkaaye rakha aur umra’a ko qila’a ki khidmat say rokay rakha. Yeh Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) kay daur kay siyasi halaat thay jin mein aap nay zindagi basar ki aur yeh haqeeqat hai keh halaat-e-zamana ka aks us waqt kay baasiyon par zaroor padta hai. Muasharti aitebaar say bhi yeh daur kuch qaabil-e-fakhr nahi tha. Iftiraaq-o-intishaar ka azdaha har taraf apna bhayanak munh kholay huye tha. Us waqt ka muashra kayi mutazaad aur nafrat aamez tibqaat mein munqasim tha. Unhein koi mission aik platform par jama nahi kar sakta tha aur koi hadaf unhain aik maiz par nahi laa sakta tha.

 

Aise siyasi aur muashrati halaat mein bhi ilm ka shajar samar baar apni taraqqi aur manzil ki taraf badhta aur buland hota raha aur is ki taraqqi kay manddarjah zail teen asbaab thay:

 

1- Ulama mashriq-o-maghrib say hijrat kar kay Misr aur Shaam mein tashreef laaye aur junoob maghrib mein kooch kar aaye.

2- Un madaris mein ilm kasrat say phalta phoolta raha jo un salateen kay daur say pehlay kay banay huye thay. Masaajid aur madaris ko un sar-barahon kay daur mein aur zyadah shohrat naseeb hui.

3- Jaleel ul Qadr asaatzah aur talbah par bohot zyada amwaal aur jaidaadein waqf theen. Us ki khidmat kay liye zamanay kay umra’a, ahl-e-sarwat, Ulama,tujjaar aur paisha war log qurb-e-ilaahi ki khaatir ilm kay urooj aur ilm ki khidmat karnay mein aik dusray say sabqat lay janay ki koshish kartay thay.

4-Mo’lfeen ki tibaa’at Kutub pur kashish aur shauq, jinhon nay is tamaam ilmi wirsa ko dubara maadoon kiya jo Taatarion aur Salaibi jangon ki nazar ho gaya tha. Un mazkoorah halaat mein Imam Suyuti (رحمه الله) nay aankh kholi aur un ki naikiyon say khoob istifadah kiya, lekin in ki burayi say intihayi kam mutaasir huye.

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ka Ism, Nasb aur Nisbat:

 

Aap ka naam Hafiz Abdul Rahman Ibn Al Kamaal Abu Bakr Bin Muhammad Bin Sabiq Uddin ibn Al-Fakhar Usmaan Ibn Nazir Uddin Al-Hamam Al-Huferi Al-Suyuti hai. Sahib Mo’ajjam al-Mo’lifeen nay yeh izafah kiya hai: Al Tulooni Al-Misri Al-Shafi’i.

 

Aap ka laqab Jalaaluddin aur kuniyat Abul Fazal hai. Imam mazkoor apna nasab ajmi ki taraf bayan kartay thay. Woh khud bayan farmatay hain keh mujhe aik Siqah shakhs nay bataya keh us nay meray walid sahab say suna tha keh woh zikr farmatay thay keh un ka jadde-a’alaa ajmi tha aur mashriqi tha. Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) farmatay hain mera jadde-a’alaa Hamamuddin ahle haqeeqat aur mashaikh tariqat mein say thay aur un kay baad kay log ahl-o-jaahat-o-siyasat thay. Un mein say baaz sheher kay haakim thay, baaz muhasib thay aur baaz taajir thay. Main nahin janta keh un mein say meray walid sahib kay ilawah kisi nay ilm ki kamaa haquho khidmat ki ho.

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ki paidaaish aur nasho-numa:

 

Aap Muhalla Suyut mein maghrib ke baad itwaar ki raat yakam Rajab Al-Marjab 841 Hijri mein paida huye. Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) nay apni tareekh-e-paidayish yehi likhi hai aur moarrikheen ka bhi isi par ittefaq hai, lekin Ibn-e-Ayyas aur Ibn-e-Basha Al-Baghdaadi ka khayal hai keh who Jamadi-ul-Aakhirah mein paida huye. Imam Suyuti (رحمه الله) kay walid-e-giraami nay 855 Hijri mein 5 Safar somwaar ki shab wafaat paayi jabkay Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ki umar 6 saal thi.

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ki Talash-e-Ilm aur Husool-e-Ilm kay liye safar:

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) nay aath saal ki umar tak pahunchne say pehlay Quran-e-Hakeem hifz kar liya tha. Is kay baad jo kutub muyassar thin un ko yaad kiya. Aap nay Al-umdah, Minhaj Al Fiqh wal Usool aur Al-fiyah Ibn Malik zabaani yaad ki.

Is kay baad ilm ki talaash mein mashghool ho gaye. 864 Hijri kay aghaaz mein jabkay aap ki umar-e-mubarak solah saal thi, Fiqh aur Ilm-e-nahv bohot say mashayekh say haasil kiya. Ilm faraaiz Allamah Shahaabuddin Al-Shaar Masahi say haasil kiya aur husool-e-fiqh kay liye Shaikh ul Islam Al-Balqini ki khidmat mein rahay hatta keh un ka wisaal ho gaya. Phir un kay betay Ilm Uddin Al-Balqini say iktisaab faiz kartay rahay. Chaudah saal ka taweel arsah Allamah Ustaaz Al-Wujood Mohiuddin Al-Kaafiyaji kay saamnay zaa-nuye tilamaztah kiya. Un say Tafseer, Usool, Arabiyyah, Maani kay funoon seekhay.

Ilmi tishnagi bujhanay kay liye aap nay kasrat say safar kiya, aap Fayyum, Muhallah aur Damiyat tashreef lay gaye aur Shaam, Hijaaz, Yemen, Hind aur maghrib ka safar bhi ikhtiyar farmaya.

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ka tabahur ilmi aur maharat tamah:

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ko saat uloom par kaamil uboor tha: Tafseer, Hadith, Fiqh, Nahv, Ma’ani, bayan, Badee’. Aap ko Arab bulghaa ki tarah maharat haasil thi. Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ko un Uloom mein maharat haasil karnay ka had darjah shauq tha hatta keh khud farmatay hain Fiqh aur Naqool kay ilawah in saat uloom mein mujhe woh muqaam hasil hai jis tak meray shuyukh mein say bhi koi nahin pahuncha.

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ki masmua’at:

 

Imam mausoof ( رحمه الله ) nay Shaikh Saifuddin Al-Hanafi ( رحمه الله ) kay paas kashaaf aur tauzeeh kay kayi asbaaq padhay aur un kay walid unhein Hafiz Ibn Hajr ( رحمه الله ) ki majlis mein le atay thay aur Sheikh Sairafi ( رحمه الله ) kay paas Sahih Muslim padhi thi lekin is ka kuch hissa baaqi reh gaya tha. Isi tarah Shifa, Al-Fiyah Ibn Malik, Sharh Al-Shazoor, Al- Mughni (Fi usool Fiqh Al-Hanfiyah), Sharah Aqayed (Liltafta-zani) bhi Sheikh mazkoor kay paas padhi. Shaikh Shams Mar-zabaani Al-Hanfi par kaafiyah aur us ki sharh padhi aur Al-Mutawassat, Al-Shafiyah aur is ki sharh (Lil-Jaroodi) aur Al-Fiyah Al-Iraqi ka kuch hissa Sheikh Shams say suna. Aur Allama Al-Bilqini say bhi asbaaq padhay aur un kay paas be-shumaar kutub padhin. Al-Sharf Al-Munadi ki maut tak un kay saath rahay. Un kay paas bhi behadd-o-hisaab kutub padhi. Saifuddin Mohammed Bin Mohammed Al-Hanfi kay asbaaq ka bhi lazoom kiya.

Allama Shamni aur Allama Kafiji kay duroos bhi letay rahay. Sama’at riwayat kay bawajood khud likhtay hain keh mein nay sama’a riwayat zyadah nahin ki kyun keh mein is say zyadah aham kaam qira’at darayat mein mashghool raha.

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) kay Mashayekh, talamizah aur hum asr:

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) nay taqreeban apnay derh so Shuyukh ka zikr kiya hai. Un mein say mashoor yeh hain: Hazraat Ahmad Al-Shaar Masahi, Umar Al-Bilqini, Saaleh Bin Umar Bin Raslaan Al-Bilqini, Mohiuddin Al-Kafiji, Al-Qaadhi Sharfuddin Al-Manawi (رحمهم الله).

Aur aap say motaddad logon nay sharf-e-tilmiz haasil kiya aur sub say ma’aroof qabil-e-zikr shakhsiyat Hazrat Al-Allamah Al-Muhaddis Al-Hafiz Shamsuddin Mohammed Bin Ali Bin Ahmad Al-Dawoodi Al-Misri Al-Shafi’i ( رحمه الله ) hain.

Talb-e-ilm aur sama’a kay waqt kayi Ulama ki mayyat naseeb hui jin mein say qabil-e-zikr Hazrat Allama Shamsuddin Sakhawi, Ali Al-Ashmoni ( رحمهم الله) hain.

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ka Aqeedah:

 

Imam Suyuti (رحمه الله) nay Sahabah Karaam (رضى الله عنهم) ki zawaat kay difa’a aur sunnat ko mazbooti say pakadnay kay mutalliq jo kutub tehreer farmayi hain un say roz raushan ki tarah ayaan ho jata hai keh aap maslak ahle-sunnah kay haamil thay aur is kay ilawah un ka koi maslak ma’aroof nahi hai lekin tasawwuf ki taraf maayel thay, jis ki wajah un kay Jadde-A’alaa hammam thay. Lekin kitab-o-sunnat ka ilm rakhnay ki wajah say un tamam tasarrufaat say mehfooz thay jo baaz jaahil Sufiyaa ko laahaq hotay hain aur un say saadir hotay hain.

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) kay asaar:

 

Jab aap ki umar-e-mubarik chaalees saal hui tou logon say alag thalag ho gaye aur tasneef-o-taleef mein mashghool ho gaye. Pas zindagi kay baqiyah 22 saal kay arsay mein maktabah Islamiyah ko mutaddid tasaneef ki meeraas ata farmayi. Baaz Ulama farmatay hain aap ki tasaneef ki tadad mukhtalif funoon mein 600 tak pohunchti hai maslan Tafseer, Hadith, Uloom-e-Hadith, Fiqh, Usool-e-Fiqh, Seerat, Tareekh aur Arabi ki tamaam faro’aat. Sahib-e-badiyatul-aarifeen nay aap ki mutaddid tasaneef zikr ki hain jin ki tadaad taqreeban 600 tak pohunchi hui hai aur khud musannif nay bhi yahi tadaad naqal ki hai.

 

Imam Suyuti ( رحمه الله ) ki wafaat Hasrat ayaat:

 

Imam Mausoof ki hayaat musta’ar behes-o-taaleef say ibarat hai. Apnay ghar mein Rozatul Miqyaas mein apnay aap ko paaband kiye rakha aur is say bahir na niklay. Is haal mein rahay hatta keh 7 din mutawatir beemar rehnay kay baad dunya say rukhsat ho gaye. Aap kay baayen bazu mein shadeed dard aur waram tha. Is ki wajah say 19 Jamadi-ul-Awlaa 911 Hijri ko Jumera’at kay roz wisaal farma gaye. Aap ko Qosoon kay qareeb dafan kiya gaya.