04. Sachaee [Truthfulness]
4- باب الصدق
04. SACHAYI KA BAYAN
قال الله تعالي: (يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ) (التوبة: 119)
، وقال تعالي: (وَالصَّادِقِينَ وَالصَّادِقَات) (الأحزاب: من الآية35)
وقال تعالي: (فَلَوْ صَدَقُوا اللَّهَ لَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُمْ) (محمد: من الآية21) .
“ Allah taala ne farmaya: aye Imaan walo! Allah se daro! aur sachon ke sathi bano.” Aur farmaya: “ Sach bolnay walay mard aur ki bolnay wali auratein (…..Allah ne un ke liye bakhshish aur ajur azeem tayyar kar rakha hai). Mazeed farmaya: “ agar wo Allah se sach boltye to ye un ke haq mein bihter hota .” FAAIDAH AAYAT: Sach ke maeney Hain: khabar ka waqiey ke mutabiq hona aur jhoot ka matlab is ke baraks, yaeni khabar ka waqiey ke mutabiq na hona hai. baaz kehtey Hain Sach ka matlab hai: zahir wa batin aur jalwat wa khalwat mein yaksan hona aur baaz ke nazdeek amal ka ahkaam sharaa Ke taqaazon ke mutabiq hona, sach hai. Sach ke ye saaray mafhoom hi apni apni jagah Sahih hain aur un sab par Sach ka itlaq Sahih hai.
و أما الأحاديث:
54 ـ فالأول : عن ابن مسعود ـ رضي الله عنه ـ عن النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم قال: ((إن الصدق يهدي إلى البر، وإن البر يهدي إلى الجنة، وإن الرجل ليصدق حتى يكتب عند الله صديقا، وإن الكذب يهدي إلى الفجور، وإن الفجور يهدي إلى النار، وإن الرجل ليكذب حتى يكتب عند الله كذابا)) (متفق عليه) .
Ahaadis derj zail Hain:
(54) Hazrat Ibn Masood (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai ke Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya: yaqeenan sachaai neki ki taraf rahnumaiye karti hai aur neki jannat ki taraf le jati hai. aur aadmi Sach bolta rehta hai yahan tak ke us sey Allah ke haan bohat sacha likh diya jata hai. aur jhoot nafarmani ki taraf rahnumai karta hai aur na farmaani jahannum ki taraf le jati hai. aur aadmi yaqeenan jhoot bolta rehta hai yahan tak ke Allah ke haan usay bohat jhoota likh diya jata hai. (Bukhari wa Muslim )
TAKHREEJ;
Sahih ul-Bukhari, al’adab, bab qawl Allah taala: ……
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ.
Hadees: 6094,
Sahih Muslim, al-biri was silat wal-adabi, bab tahrim al-namimati, wa bab qab,hil-kazib … , Hadees :2606, 2607
FAWAAID WA MASAIL:
صدّيق ، كذّاب
1- Seddiq aur kazzab donon mubalighey ke seeghay hain. matlab hai ke sachaai jis ki tabiyat saniya ban jaye aur jhoot jis ki pukhta aadat ban jaye. jis terhan insaan duniya mein apne achhay ya buray aamaal ke sath mashhoor hota hai isi terhan Allah ke haan bhi hai.
2- Allah ke haan Seddiq likhay jane ka matlab sachaai ke ajar o sawab ka aur kazzab likhay jane ka matlab jhoot ki saza ka mustahaq qarar paana hai.
3- Hadees mein sachaayi ki targheeb hai kyunkay yeh kher ka sabab hai aur jhoot se ijtinab ki takeed hai kiyun-kay ye manbae shar hai aur munafiqat ki alamat hai.
4- jhoot se basa auqaat waqti taur par faaidah hota hai aur insaan kisi nuqsaan se bhi bach sakta hai lekin is ka anjaam nihayat bhayanak hai. sachaai se waqti tor par mushkilaat aaskati hain lekin anjaam car surkhu royi hoti hai.
5- sachaayi ki barket se insaan kisi nagehani museebat se bhi mehfooz rehta hai jaisa ke Sayeda khadeeja (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا) ne Rasool Akram ( ﷺ ) ko pehli wahi ke mauqie par tasalli dete hue farmaya:…….. Allah aap ko kabhi zaya nahi kere ga kyunkay aap Sach boltay hain…..( Sahih Muslim, al Imaan, Hadees 160 )
55- عن أبي محمد الحسن بن علي بن أبي طالب ، رضي الله عنهما ، قال : حفظت من رسول الله ﷺ : “دع ما يريبك إلى ما لا يريبك؛ فإن الصدق طمأنينة، والكذب ريبةٌ” ((رواه الترمذي وقال حديث صحيح)) .
Hazrat Abu Mohammad hasan bin Ali bin Abi Taalib (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا) bayan karte hain ke mujhe Rasoolullah ( ﷺ ) ki zabaan mubarak se sune ye alfaaz yaad hain: ” wo cheez chhod de jo tujhay shak mein dale aur us ko ikhtiyar kar jis ke mutaaliq tujhe shak shubha na ho, is liye ke Sach itminan ka baais hai aur jhoot be cheni hai.”
( Iss Tirmizi ne riwayat kiya hai aur kaha hai ke Hadees Sahih hy.)
يبريك.
Ya par zabar aur paish dono terhan sahih hai (yaani
(راب يريب، أراب يريب)
is ke maienay hain: jis cheez ke halal hone mein shak ho, usay chhod do aur aisi cheez ko ikhtiyar karo jis mein tumhen shak nah ho.
TAKHREEJ:
Jamie al- tirmizi, sifat al-qiamat wal-raqaiqi wal-warae an Rasoolillahi, bab Hadees aeqilha wa-tawakal ……, Hadees: 2518, wa Musnad Ahmad: 200/1.
FAWAAID WA MASAIL:
1- is se maloom sun-hwa ke se bachna zaroori hai taa ke haraam ka irtikaab nah ho jaisa ke doosri hadees mein ne ke jo shakhs shubhat se kya kya is ne apne an aur apni aamad ko bacha liya.
2- shubhat ka yeh matlab har gaz nahi hai ke insaan rawi ka shikaar se aur Allah ki halal kardah chuney dun ko haraam karta rahay jaisa ke baaz log karte hain. is ka matlab yeh hai ke jis ke halal aur haraam dono taraf dalail hon usay tark kardey mbada ke haraam mein waqay ho jaye .
RAVI HADEES :
[ HAZRAT ABU MOHAMMAD HASAN BIN ALI BIN ABI TAALIB. (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا) ]: Abu Mohammad hasan bin Ali Nabi ﷺ ke nawase dil ka suroor aur duniya mein aap ke liye khushbu thay. janati nojawanon ke sardaro mein se aik yeh bhi hain. un ke waalid garmi Ali Ibn Abi Taalib ki shahadat ke baad un ko khalifa banaya gaya lekin unhon ne apni khilafat ke saat mah baad hi jamadi al owla 41 hijri ko Ameer Muawiyah ke haq mein dastbardaar honay ka elaan kar diya taa ke Musalmanoon ki do jamaaton ke darmiyan khoon nah bahnay paye. 49 ya 50 hijri ko Madinah mein faut hue aur aap ko Baqee mein dafan kiya gaya. aap dana, Burdbar aur bhalai ko pasand karne walay thay. logon mein fasahat o balaghat aur bil bidahat kalaam karne mein sab se achhay thay. kutub ahadees mein 13 ahadees un se marwi hain .
56- الثالث: عن أبي سفيان صخر بن حرب ، رضي الله عنه ، في حديثه الطويل في قصة هرقل ، قال هرقل : فماذا يأمركم – يعنى النبي ﷺ – قال أبو سفيان : قلت : يقول : ” اعبدوا الله وحده لا تشركوا به شيئاً، واتركوا ما يقول آباؤكم ، ويأمرنا بالصلاة، والصدق، والعفاف، والصلة” ((متفق عليه)) .
( 56 ) Hazrat Abu Sufyaan Sakhar bin Harb (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) wo lambi Hadees riwayat karte hain jis mein ( Badshah-E-Room ) Hiraqal ka qissa bayan kiya gaya hai. Hiraqal ne Abu-Sufyaan se ( jab ke woh abhi kafir thay ) poochha : woh Paighambar yani Nabi tumhen kis baat ka hukum deta hai? Abu Sufyan kehte hain : main ne kaha : woh kehta hai :” sirf aik Allah ki ibadat karo us ke sath kisi ko shareek mat thehrao aur un baton ko chhode do jo tumhare baap dada kehte ( aur karte rahay. aur woh Paighambar hamein namaz padhnay, sach bolnay pak damni aur sila rehmi karne ka hukum deta hai. ( Bukhari wa Muslim )
TAKHREEJ :
Sahih ul-Bukhari , bad’ul-wahi, bab kayf kan bad’ al-wahye ‘ilaa Rasoolillahi ( ﷺ ), Hadees: 7, wa Sahih Muslim, al-jihad was sayr, bab kitaab in Nabiyi ( ﷺ ) ‘iilaa hiraqal yaduoh ‘iilal ‘islami, Hadees: 1773.
FAWAAID WA MASAIL:
1- Is mein aik dushman ki zabaan se nabi sa aur aap ki talemaat ki sachaai ka aitraaf hai is liye ke hazrat abu-safyaan si ated ne yeh aitraaf is waqt kya tha jab woh musalman nahi thay. yeh hadees sahih bukhari mein poori tafseel se bayan hui hai.
2- Is se beech bolnay aur jhoot se ijtinab karne ki ahmiyat ka andaza hota hai ke islam ki bunyadi aur ibtidayi talemaat mein bhi is ki targheeb di gayi hai.
RAVI HADEES:
[HAZRAT ABU-SAFYAAN SAKHAR BIN HARB. (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)]: Sakhar bin Harb bin Umia bin Abdul Shams . kuniat un ki Abu-Sufyaan hai aur yeh kuniat hi se mashhoor thay. Nabi (ﷺ) ke sath maarka aarai mein kufar ke Alam’ber daar, quied aur Sipah Salaar hotay thay. fatah Makkah ke mauqa par Islam is waqt qubool kiya jab Abbas bin Abd-ul-Mutlib wohi un ko apni panah aur hifazat mein Nabi (ﷺ) ke paas le jane mein kamyaab ho gaye. yeh dukhool Makkah se pehlay ka waqea hai. yeh Nabi (ﷺ) ke sussar bhi hain. un ka Islam bohat umdah aur khoob raha. Hazrat Usman (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ke ehad hukoomat mein 32 hijri mein faut hue .
57- عن أبي ثابت ، وقيل أبي سعيد ، وقيل أبي الوليد ، سهل بن حنيف _ وهو بدري _ رضي الله عنه ، أن النبي ﷺ ، قال : “من سأل الله تعالى الشهادة بصدق بلغه الله منازل الشهداء ، وإن مات على فراشه” ((رواه مسلم))
(57) Hazrat Abu saabit baaz kehte hain : Abu Saeed aur baaz ke nazdeek Abu waleed, sahal bin Hunaif jo Badri Sahabi hain.(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai ke Nabi ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya : jo shakhs sachay dil se Allah se shahadat mangay ( lekin usay kafiroon se ladnay ka mauqa naseeb nah ho ) to Allah taala usay sho-hada ke martaboon tak pouncha day ga agar chay usay apne bistar par mout aaye.” ( Muslim )
TAKHREEJ :
Sahih Muslim, al’iimaratu, bab aistihbab talab alshahadat fi sabil allah taealaa hadid hadithatan 1909
FAWAAID WA MASAIL:
1- sachaai do terhan ki hoti hai : zabaan se beech bolna, dil ki sachaai. zabaan se sach bolnay walay ka zikar to pehlay guzar chuka ke Allah taala us ke liye jannat ka rasta aasaan farma deta hai aur Allah ke haan us ka shumaar sidiqeen mein honay lagta hai. is hadees mein jazba Sadiq ka zikar hai ke agar koi shakhs sapchay dil ke sath koi kaam aur neki karne ka azm rakhta hai aur kisi wajah se haasil nahi kar paata to sachaai ki is barket se Allah taala usay woh maqam ataa kar deta hai.
2- Is mein khalis niyat ki fazeelat ka bayan hai ke dil mein niyat kar lainay hi se Allah logon ko sho-hada ke martaboon par Faiz kar deta hai aur isi niyat ki kharabi se maidan jehaad mein marnay walon ko jahannum mein daaley ga .
RAVI HADEES :
[ HAZRAT SAHAL BiN HUNAIF(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ]: Hazrat Sahal bin Hunaif bin wahab Ansari. un ki kuniat ke baray mein ikhtilaaf hai. Abu Saad, Abu saabit aur Abul Waleed waghera zikar ki gayi hai. Ansari Awsi aur Madni hain. Ghazwah-e-Badar aur baqi tamam ghazwaat mein bhi shareek rahay. Ghazwah-e-Uhad mein Nabi ( ﷺ ) ke sath saabit qadam rahay. Hijrat-e-Madinah ke baad Hazrat Ali (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) aur un ke darmiyan muawkhaat qaim hui. Hazrat Ali (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ne un ko Basrah par Aamel muqarrar kiya tha. yeh jang Jamal ke baad ka waqea hai. jang Siffeen mein bhi yeh Hazrat Ali ke sath thay. 38 hijri ko koofa mein faut hue. un se 40 ahadees marwi hain .
58 ـ عن أبي هريرة ـ رضي الله عنه ـ قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ((غزا نبي من الأنبياء ـ صلوات الله وسلامه عليهم ـ فقال لقومه: لا يتبعني رجل ملك بضع امرأة وهو يريد أن يبني بها ولما يبن بها، ولا أحد بنى بيوتا لم يرفع سقوفها، ولا أحد اشترى غنما أو خلفات وهو ينتظر أولادها. فغزا، فدنا من القرية صلاة العصر أو قريبا من ذلك، فقال للشمس: إنك مأمورة وأنا مأمور، اللهم احبسها علينا، فحبست حتى فتح الله عليه، فجمع الغنائم، فجاءت ـ يعنى النار ـ لتأكلها فلم تطعمها، فقال: إن فيكم غلولا، فليبايعني من كل قبيلة رجل، فلزقت يد رجل بيده، فقال: فيكم الغلول، فليبايعني قبيلتك، فلزقت يد رجلين أو ثلاثة بيده، فقال: فيكم الغلول، فجاؤوا برأس مثل رأس بقرة من الذهب، فوضعها فجاءت النار فأكلتها، فلم تحل الغنائم لأحد قبلنا، ثم أحل الله لنا الغنائم لما رأى ضعفنا وعجزنا فأحلها لنا)) (متفق عليه) .
[ 58 ] Hazrat Abu Huraira(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya :” Anbia mein se aik Nabi ne jehaad ( ke liye niklny ka iradah kiya to us ne apni qoum se kaha : mere sath do shakhs na niklay jis ne kisi aurat se ( naya naya ) nikah kiya hai aur woh us se ham bistari karne ka iradah rakhta hai lekin abhi us ne yeh kaam nahi kiya nah woh shakhs niklay jis ne ghar banaya ho lekin us ne abhi us ki chhat nahi daali aur nah woh shakhs jis ne ( haamla ) bakriyan ya ontniyan kharidi hain aur woh un ke bachay jan’nay ke intzaar mein ho. chunanchay us paighambar ne ( is ke baad ) jehaad ke liye apna safar shuru kar diya woh is ( jehaad wali basti mein asar ki namaz ke waqt ya asar ke qareeb pouncha. us ne Sooraj se ( khitaab karte hue ) kaha : to bhi Allah ki taraf se mamoor ( muqarrar kardah ) hai aur mein bhi Allah ki taraf se mamoor hon. aye Allah ! is Sooraj ko ham par rok le ( yani ladayi aur is ka nateeja bar aamad honay tak usay ghuroob nah farma ). chunanchay Sooraj ko rok liya gaya yahan tak ke Allah ne us bastii ko un ke hathon fatah kar diya. to us ne ghaneematein jama keein aur ( aasman se ) usay khanay ke liye aag aayi lekin us ne usay nah khaya. yeh dekh kar is Paighambar ne kaha : be shak tumhare andar khayanat ka amal hai, tum mein se har qabeeley ka aik aadmi mujh se aakar baiet kere. chunanchay is terhan baiet karte hue aik aadmi ka haath paighambar ke haath ke sath chimat gaya. us ne kaha : bas tumhare qabeeley ke andar hi khayanat ka amal hai lehaza tera ( poora ) qabeela mere haath par baiet kere. to un mein se do ya teen admion ke haath Paighambar ke haath ke sath chimat gaye. Paighambar ne kaha tumhare andar khayanat hai. chunanchay woh aik sonay ka sir, gaaye ke sir ki misl le kar aaye aur usay ( khulay maidan mein rakh diya aur aag ne aa kar usay kha liya. ( yeh alamat thi ke jehaad ka yeh amal maqbool hai. Nabi ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya ) ham se pehlay yeh ghanimatein kisi ke liye halal nahi theen. jab Allah ne hamari aajzi aur kamzoree ko dekha to usay hamaray liye halal farma diya. ( Bukhari wa Muslim )
الخلفات:
” kha” par zabar aur laam ke neechay zair.
خلفة:
ki jama hai : ga-bhun oontni.
TAKHREEJ:
Sahih ul-Bukhari, yaftarid a-khums bab qawl al-Nabi ( ﷺ ): ‘uhilat lakum ul-ghanayima… hadees:3124 ,
wa Sahih Muslim, Al jehaad, bab tahleel al-ghanayim li-hazih al’ummat al-khasati, Hadees: 1747.
FAWAAID WA MASAIL:
1- Imam Siyoti ke nazdeek yeh Paighambar Hazrat Yushae bin Noon (عليه السلام) thay. un ke tarz e amal se maloom huwa ke Mujahideen ke dunyawi mamlaat ka maqool intizam zaroori hai taa ke woh poori dil-jami aur yaksoi ke sath masroof jehaad hain.
2- Maal ghanemat ki hillat, Ummat Muhammadia ki khasusiyat hai warna is se qabal usay aag kha jati thi.
3- Is mein Paighambar ke moajezae ka isbat hai ke us ke liye Sooraj ki raftaar ko rok diya gaya taa Aanke us ne fatah haasil kar li.
4- khayanat aur bad-diyanti bhi jhoot ki qisam hai ke us ke hotay hue jehaad jaisa azeem amal bhi qubool nahi hota.
5- Jab mutayyan afraad hon aur wahan koi cheez chori ho jaye to chor talaash karne ki khatir sab ki talashi leni jaaiz hai.
6- Sahih ahadees se Sooraj ka rukna sirf Yushae bin Noon (عليه السلام) ke liye saabit hai. Hazrat Ali (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ke baray mein jo Maroof hai ke un ki asar ki namaz reh gayi to Sooraj wapas agaya to yeh Rafiziyoon ki khud sakhta kahani hai .
59 ـ عن أبي خالد حكيم بن حزام، رضي الله عنه، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ((البيعان بالخيار ما لم يفرقا، فإن صدقا وبينا بورك لهما في بيعهما، وإن كذبا وكتما محقت بركة بيعهما)) (متفق عليه) .
[ 59 ] Hazrat Abu Khalid Hakeem bin Hizam (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya :” dono soda karne walon ko is waqt tak ikhtiyar hai jab tak woh judda nah hon. chunanchay agar woh dono beech bolein aur cheez ki haqeeqat sahih sahih bayan kar den ( yani koi aib waghera ho to batla den ) to un ke is saudey mein barket daal di jati hai. aur agar woh chupayen aur jhoot bolein to un ke saudey se barket munaadi jati hai. “ ( Bukhari wa Muslim )
TAKHREEJ :
Sahih ul-Bukhari, al-buyuei, bab ‘iza bayn al-bayean walam yuktama wanasha, Hadees: 2079 ,wa Sahih Muslim, albuyuea, bab alsidq fi albaye walbayani, Hadees1532
FAWAAID WA MASAIL:
1- Do soda karne walon se morad Baayie aur mushtari ( baichnay aur khareed-ne wala ) hain. ikhtiyar ka matlab hai ke jab tak dono majlis mein mojood rahain, unhein soda fasakh karne ka ikhtiyar haasil hai. log bil umoom baat cheet ke ekhtataam ke baad soda fasakh karne ko jaaiz nahi samajte go fariqain majlis mein mojood rahen ( jaisa ke ahnaaf ka bhi maslak hai) lekin yeh sahih nahi hai. hadees se aisa samajhney walon ki tardeed hoti hai.
2- saudey mein sachaai barket ka aur jhoot aur ikhfa ( aib ka chhupana ) be barkti ka baais hai.
3- Maal ke husool mein insaan nihayat harees aur kasrat ki talabb mein halkaan rehta hai. is ke liye woh jhoot bhi boltaa hai aur doosron ko dhoka dainay se bhi guraiz nahi karta. is ke lainay aur dainay ke pemanay judda judda hotay hain. Musalman ko yeh sabaq sikhaya gaya hai ke is terhan maal miqdaar mein to ziyada ho sakta hai lekin is ki kher o barket uth jati hai. aur barket izafay se bohat behtar hai .
RAVI HADEES :
[ABU KHALID HAKEEM BIN HIZAAM. (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)]: Hakeem bin Hizaam bin Khuwaild bin Asad bin Abdul Uzza Qarashi . un ki kuniat Abu Khalid hai. Hizaam ki” haa” ke neechay zair hai. Quresh ke qabeeley Bano Asad se talluq rakhtay thay. Hazrat Mohammad ( ﷺ ) ke sath biesat se pehlay aur baad mein bohat ziyada dosti thi. Hazrat Khadija (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا) ke bhanjay hain. Ashraaf Quresh mein shumaar hotay hain. waqea feel se 13 saal pehlay khanah kaaba mein peda hue. fatah Makkah ke waqt islam qubool kiya. Madinah Munawwara mein 54 hijri ko 120 baras ki taweel Umar pa kar faut hue. un se 40 ahadees marwi hain .
REFERENCE:
BOOK: Riyaz us Saliheen(Urdu)
Taleef: Imam Nawawi Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah aur Fawaid: Hafiz Salah Uddin Yusuf.
Chapter 4
Truthfulness
Allah, the Exalted, says:
“O you who believe! Be afraid of Allah, and be with those who are true (in words and deeds)”. (9:119)
“…the men and women who are truthful (in their speech and deeds)..”. (33:35)
“…then if they had been true to Allah, it would have been better for them”. (47:21)
- Abdullah bin Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Truth leads to piety and piety leads to Jannah. A man persists in speaking the truth till he is enrolled with Allah as a truthful. Falsehood leads to vice and vice leads to the Fire (Hell), and a person persists on telling lies until he is enrolled as a liar”.’
[Agreed upon].
Commentary: Siddiq (veracious) and Kadhdhab (liar) both are adjectives of intensive degree. That is to say, the words stand respectively for someone whose truth has become his second nature; and in the opposite case, one is a liar who is in the habit of telling lies. As one acquires a reputation in this world for his good or bad deeds similar is his position before Allah. One who is ranked among the truthful with Him is entitled to reward, and if one is a liar, he has to suffer retribution for it. This Hadith provides incentive for truthfulness because it is a source of every good deed and contains a warning against lying as it gives rise to all kinds of mischief.
- Hasan bin `Ali (May Allah be pleased with them) said: I remember (these words) from Messenger of Allah (PBUH): “Give up what is doubtful to you for that which is not doubtful; for truth is peace of mind and falsehood is doubt”.
[At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary: This Hadith leads us to the conclusion that one must always avoid doubtful things so that he does not do anything unlawful. This message is repeated in another Hadith which says that he who has saved himself from doubts has in fact saved his Faith and honour.
- Abu Sufyan (May Allah be pleased with him) reported, in course of his detailed narration about Heraclius when the latter questioned him about the teachings of the Prophet (PBUH) He said that: He (PBUH) told (us): “Worship Allah Alone and do not associate a thing with Him; and give up all that your ancestors said. “He also commands us to perform Salat (prayers), to speak the truth, to observe modesty and to strengthen the ties of kinship.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary: In this Hadith an enemy of the Prophet (PBUH) acknowledges the veracity of the Prophet’s teaching, because Abu Sufyan (May Allah be pleased with him) made this admission when he was a pagan. This Hadith is mentioned in detail in Sahih Al-Bukhari.
- Abu Thabit from Sahl bin Hunaif (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said: “He who asks Allah for martyrdom, Allah will raise him to the high status of the martyrs, even if he dies on his bed”.
[Muslim].
Commentary: This Hadith highlights the merit and importance of sincere intention which in fact is so great that by virtue of it Allah raises a person’s status to that of a martyr. On the contrary, persons of foul intention will be consigned to Hell by Allah even if they die in Jihad.
- Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: “One of the earlier Prophets who was out on an expedition proclaimed among his people that no man should follow him who had married a woman with whom he wished to cohabit but had not yet done so, or who had built houses on which he had not yet put the roofs, or who had bought sheep or pregnant she-camels and was expecting them to produce young. He, then, went on the expedition and approached the town at the time of the ‘Asr prayer or little before it. He then told the sun that both it and he were under command and prayed Allah to hold it back for them, so it was held back till Allah gave him victory. He collected the spoils and it (meaning fire) came to devour these, but did not. He said that among the people there was a man who stole from the booty. He told them that a man from every tribe must swear allegiance to him, and when a man’s hand stuck to his, he said: “There is thief among you and every individual of your tribe must swear allegiance to me”. (In course of swearing of allegiance,) hands of two or three persons stuck to his hand. He said: “The thief is among you”. They brought him a head of gold like a cow’s head and when he laid it down, the fire came and devoured the spoils. Spoils were not allowed to anyone before us, then Allah allowed spoils to us as He saw our weakness and incapacity and allowed them to us”.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
- In the opinion of Imam As-Suyuti, the Prophet (PBUH) referred to in this Hadith was Prophet Yusha` bin Nun (Joshua). His conduct shows that it is necessary to make suitable arrangements for the worldly needs of those who are engaged in the Cause of Allah so that they can concentrate on their struggle without any distraction.
- The lawfulness of the booty of war fought in the way of Allah is a specialty of the Muslim Ummah. Before the advent of Islam (the Shar’iah of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)), the booty of war which was free from dishonesty used to be consumed by fire. This Hadith also confirms the miracle of the Prophet Yusha’ (Joshua) in which the movement of the sun was stopped until he had conquered the village.
- Hakim bin Hizam (May Allah be pleased with him) reported that: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: “Both parties in a business transaction have a right to annul it so long as they have not separated; and if they tell the truth and make everything clear to each other (i.e., the seller and the buyer speak the truth, the seller with regard to what is purchased, and the buyer with regard to the money) they will be blessed in their transaction, but if they conceal anything and lie, the blessing on their transaction will be eliminated.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary: Here, the two persons engaged in business are seller and buyer. The word ‘right’ here means that so far both of them are present at the spot where business is being transacted they have a right to cancel their bargain. In other words, even after the mutual acceptance of the terms of the bargain so long as they are present at the spot they are entitled to cancel the deal until the time they separate from each other. Generally, people do not think it permissible to cancel the bargain after it has been settled even though both parties are present there, but this is not correct. Their view is contradicted by the Hadith.Truthfulness is a means of blessings in the business while falsehood and hiding of any defect of the merchandise detract from its blessings.
REFERENCE:
BOOK: Riyadh ul Saaliheen