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14. Naikiyon mein Miyana roee [Moderation in Worship]

14 ـ باب الاقتصاد في الطاعة.

14. TAAT ( NEKI AUR BHALAI KE KAMON ) MEIN MIYANA RAWI IKHTIYAR KARNE KA BAYAN

 

قال الله تعالى: (طه مَا أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَى) (طه: 1، 2) ، 

وقال تعالى: (يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ بِكُمُ الْيُسْرَ وَلا يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ الْعُسْرَ) (البقرة: 185) .

 

Allah taala ne farmaya :” ham ne yeh Quran tujh par is liye nahi utaara ke to mushaqqat mein pad jaye. “

aur farmaya : Allah taala tumhare sath aasani ka iradah karta hai woh tumhare sath tangi ka iradah nahi karta.”

142ـ وعن عائشة ـ رضي الله عنها ـ أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم دخل عليها وعندها امرأة قال: (من هذه؟) قالت: هذه فلانة تذكر من صلاتها، قال: (مه) ، عليكم بما تطيقون، فو الله! لا يمل الله حتى تملوا) وكان أحب الدين إليه ما داوم صاحبه عليه. متفق عليه.
(ومه) كلمة نهي وزجر، ومعنى (لا يمل الله) أي: لا يقطع ثوابه عنكم وجزاء أعمالكم، ويعاملكم معاملة المال حتى تملوا فتتركوا، فينبغي لكم أن تأخذوا ما تطيقون الدوام عليه ليدوم ثوابه لكم وفضله عليكم.

 

(142)_ Hazrat Aisha (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا) se riwayat hai ke Nabi Kareem ﷺ un ke paas tashreef laaye jabkay un ke paas aik aurat baithi hui thi. aap ne poocha yeh kon hai? Hazrat Aisha ne jawab diya : yeh falan aurat hai jo ( nafli ) namazein kasrat se padti hai. aap ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya:” thehro! tum usi cheez ko lazim pakdo jis ki tum taaqat rakho. Allah ki qasam! Allah nahi uktata yahan tak ke tum khud ukta jao ( yani tum ziyada ibadat karne ki soorat mein ukta satke ho Allah taala ajar dainay mein nahi uktata ). aur Allah taala ko sab se ziyada mehboob ibadat o itaat woh hai jis par usay ikhtiyar karne wala hameshgi kar. ( Bukhari-o-Muslim )

مه:

yeh nahi aur zajr ( roknay aur dantnay ) ka kalma hai. 

لا يمل الله : 

is ka sawab aur ajar khatam nahi hoga aur woh tum se ukta jane walay ka sa maamla nahi farmaiye ga, tum khud hi ukta jao aur amal chhode do ge, is liye tumhare Shayan shaan yahi baat hai ke tum woh amal ikhtiyar karo jis par tum hameshgi kar sako taa ke is ka sawab tumhare liye aur us ka fazl tum par hamesha rahay .

 

TAKHREEJ :

Sahih ul-Bukhari, al-iiman, bab ahabid deen ilal-allah adwamahu, Hadees: 43, wa-Sahih Muslim, salat-il-musafireen waqasriha, bab

fazilat-il-amal lid-daayim min qiyam-il-lail……, Hadees: 785

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL:

1- Is mein taaqat se ziyada ibadat karne se roka gaya hai kiyun-kay is mein andesha hai ke chand roz ke baad insaan ukta jaye aur ibadat bilkul hi chhode baithy, is liye ibadat o taat mein bhi miyana rawi zaroori hai. 

2- Allah ko woh amal bohat pasand hai jo hamesha pabandi ke sath kiya jaye chahay thoda hi ho kiyun-kay hameshgi walay amal ka ajar bhi hamesha miley ga ba-khilaf chand roz amal ke ke us ka ajar bhi chand roz wohi hoga .

143 ـ وعن أنس ـ رضي الله عنه ـ قال: جاء ثلاثة رهط إلى بيوت أزواج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، يسألون عن عبادة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فلما أخبروا كأنهم تقالوها وقالوا: أين نحن من النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قد غفر له تقدم من ذنبه وما تأخر. قال أحدهم: أما أنا فأصلي الليل أبداً، وقال الآخر: وأنا أصوم الدهر ولا أفطر، وقال الآخر: وأنا أعتزل النساء فلا أتزوج أبداً، فجاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إليهم، فقال: (أنتم الذين قلتم كذا وكذا؟ أما والله! إني لأخشاكم لله وأتقاكم له، لكني أصوم وأفطر، وأصلي وأرقد، وأتزوج النساء، فمن رغب عن سنتي فليس مني) متفق عليه.

 

[143 ] Hazrat Anas (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)se riwayat hai ke teen aadmi Nabi ﷺ ki azwaaj mutahrat (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُنَّ) ke ghar aaye un se Nabi ﷺ ki ibadat ke mutaliq puchhte thay. jab unhein ( is ki tafseel ) batlai gayi to goya unhon ne usay kam samjha aur kaha ke hamara aur Nabi ﷺ ka kiya muqaabla. aap ke to aglay pichhlle tamam gunah maaf kar diye gaye hain ( is liye hamein to aap se ziyada ibadat karne ki zaroorat hai ). chunanchay un mein se aik ne kaha : main to hamesha saari raat namaz padha karoon ga. dosray ne kaha : main hamesha rozay rakhon ga, kabhi rozay ka nagha nahi karoon ga. teesray ne kaha : main aurton se kinara kash rahon ga aur kabhi nikah nahi karoon ga. ( Rasoolullah ﷺ ko jab yeh baatein pohnchain ) to aap ( ﷺ ) un ke paas tashreef laaye aur un se pochha :” tum ne is is terhan kaha hai? ( jab us ka jawab unhon ne asbat mein diya to aap ne farmaya : ) khabar daar, Allah ki qasam! main tum mein sab se ziyada Allah se darnay wala aur us ka sab se ziyada khauf dil mein rakhnay wala hon. lekin main rozay rakhta bhi hon aur rakhna chhode bhi deta hon ( raat ko ) namaz bhi padhta hon aur sota bhi hon. aur main aurton se shadi bhi karta hon ( pas yeh saaray kaam hi meri sunnat hain). aur jis ne meri sunnat se aaraaz kiya woh mujh mein se nahi ( yani mujh se us ka talluq nahi ). ( Bukhari-o-Muslim )



TAKHREEJ :

Sahih ul-Bukhari, al nikah, bab at tarheeb fin nikah, hadees 5063.

Sahih Muslim, an nikah , Bab istihbab nikah liman… Hadees: 1401.

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL: 

1- Is mein ebadaat mein miyana rawi ki, nikah ki aur Nabi ﷺ ke aqtda ki targheeb aur hamesha roza rakhnay ya saari saari raat ( baghair soye ) ibadat karne ki momanat o karahat hai. 

2- Bidaat mein khair aur ajar nahi hai. tamam tar khair-o-barket aur sawab sirf aur sirf Nabi ﷺ ki itaat aur itebaa mein hai.

3- Jazbah kitna hi Sadiq ho aur amal zahir kitna hi khushnuma ho agar Rasool Akram ﷺ ke tareeqay se hatt kar hai to Allah ke haan us ki koi qeemat nahi balkay woh wabaal jaan ban jaye ga. us se bidaat ki tamam aqsam hasana aur sayiaah ki bhi tardeed hoti hai .

144 ـ وعن ابن مسعود ـ رضي الله عنه ـ أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: (هلك المتنطعون) قالها ثلاثاً. رواه مسلم. المتنطعون: المتعمقون، المتشددون في غير موضع التشديد.

 

[ 144 ] Hazrat Ibn Masood (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai, Nabi Kareem ﷺ  ne farmaya :” apni taraf se deen mein sakhti karne walay halaak ho gaye. aap ne teen martaba yeh irshad farmaya. ( Muslim ) 

المتنطعون:

ka matlab hai : jahan ( Shariat mein) sakhti nahi hai wahan sakhti karne walay aur khoud kuraid karne walay .

 

TAKHREEJ :

Sahih Muslim, al-ilm, baab Halakal muta’natuoona, Hadees : 2670.

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL:

1- Is se un riazatoon aur mashqon ki karahat wazeh hai jo bohat se ahal tasawuf ne apne tor par ghad rakhi hain jin mein be ja tashadud aur sunnat nabwi se inhiraf paaya jata hai, is terhan masail mein khoud kuraid karne aur baal ki khaal nikaalne walay bhi is mein aajate hain ke is qisam ki moshgafyan bhi bil umoom wohi log karte hain jo sunnat aur Itebaa-e-Rasool se tehi daman hotay hain. 

2- faraiz ki pabandi aur ehkaam ellahi ki pairwi ko shiddat pasandi aur diqiyanoosi ka naam dena islam ke sath mazaaq hai aur dil ke kodh par Dalalat karta hai. har maslay mein roshan khayaali aahista aahista insaan ko deen se be begana kar deti hai .

145 ـ عن أبي هريرة ـ رضي الله عنه ـ عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: (إن الذين يسر، ولن يشاد الدين إلا غلبه، فسددوا وقاربوا، وأبشروا، واستعينوا بالغدوة والروحة وشيءٍ من الدلجة) رواه البخاري. 
وفي رواية له: (سددوا وقاربوا واغدوا وروحوا، وشيءٍ من الدلجة، القصد القَصد، تبلغوا) . 
قوله: (الدين) هو مرفوع على ما لم يسم فاعله. وروي منصوباً، وروي: (لن يشاد الدين أحد) وقوله صلى الله عليه وسلم: (إلا غلبه) أي: غلبه الدين، وعجز ذلك المشاد عن مقاومة الدين لكثرة طرقه. (والغدوة) سير أول النهار، (والروحة) : آخر النهار. (والدلجة) : آخر الليل. وهذا استعارة وتمثيل، ومعناه: استعينوا على طاعة الله عز وجل بالأعمال في وقت نشاطكم، وفراغ قلوبكم، بحيث تستلذون العبادة ولا تسأمون، وتبلغون مقصودكم، كما أن المسافر الحاذق يسير في هذه الأوقات ويستريح هو ودابته في غيرها، فيصل المقصود بغير تعب. والله أعلم.

 

(145)_ Hazrat Abu Hureira (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ne farmaya :” yaqeenan deen aasaan hai aur jo deen mein beـja sakhti karta hai to deen us par ghalib ajata hai ( yani aisa insaan maghloob ho jata aur deen par amal tark kar deta hai ). chunanchay tum seedhay rastay par raho aur miyana rawi ikhtiyar karo. aur apne Rab ki taraf se milnay walay ajar par khush ho jao aur subah o shaam aur raat ke kuchh hissay ( ki ibadat ) se madad haasil karo.” ( Bukhari ) 

aur Bukhari hi ki aik aur riwayat mein hai : ” seedhey rastay par raho miyana rawi ikhtiyar karo aur subah aur shaam aur kuchh hissa raat ko ( ibadat ke liye ) chalo miyana rawi ikhtiyar karo tum manzil maqsood ko pahonch jao ge. ” 

الدين:

yahan marfoo hai, mafool ma’lam Yusama Faailuho ki bina par aur yeh Mansob ( الدین ) bhi marwi hai. 

إلا غلبه: 

ka matlab hai : deen us par ghalib aajay ga aur deen mein be ja sakhti karne wala, deen mein ziyada shaakhen aur rastay honay ki wajah se deen ke taqazoon par amal karne se aajiz rahay ga. 

غدوة:

ke maienay hain : subah subah ( din ke aaghaz mein ) chalna. aur 

روحة:

ke maienay hain : din ke aakhri pehar mein chalna. aur 

دلجہ:

ke maienay raat ke aakhri hissay mein chalna hain. yeh istearah aur tamseel hai aur is ka matlab hai tum Allah ki taat mein amlon ke zariye se us waqt madad haasil karo jab tum taaza dam ho aur tumhare dil ( dosray ham o gham se ) farigh hon, is terhan tum ibadat mein lazzat haasil karo ge aur uktaao ge nahi aur apne maqsood ko haasil kar lo gaye jaisay tajurbah kar musafir unheen auqaat mein apna safar tay karta hai aur khud bhi un auqaat ke ilawa dosray auqaat mein aaraam karta hai aur apne janwar ko bhi aaraam karwata hai to woh baghair takan ke manzil maqsood tak pahonch jata hai. wallah aalam.

 

TAKHREEJ; 

Sahih ul-Bukhari al Imaan, baab .

Addeen yusrun , Hadees 39 .ar riqaq, bab al qasd wal mudawimat alal amal, Hadees 6463 .

 

FAAIDAH :

Is mein miyana rawi ke ilawa is amar ki targheeb hai ke ibadat ke liye aisay auqaat muqarrar kiye jayen jin mein insaan taaza dam ho ta ke usay Allah ki ibadat mein lazzat o Halawat mehsoos ho ta ham yeh nafli ebadaat ke liye hai. farzi ebadaat ki adaigi to apne muqarara auqaat hi mein zaroori hai .

146 ـ وعن أنس ـ رضي الله عنه ـ قال: دخل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم المسجد فإذا حبل ممدود بين الساريتين فقال: (ما هذا الحبل؟) قالوا: هذا حبل لزينب، فإذا فترت تعلقت به، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: (حلوه ليصل أحدكم نشاطه، فإذا فتر فليرقد) متفق عليه.

 

( 146 ) Hazrat Anas (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai ke Allah ke Rasool ( ﷺ ) masjid mein tashreef laaye to ( dekha ) ke aik rassi do satonon ke darmiyan bandhi hui hai. aap ne poochha :” yeh rassi kiya hai? ( yani kis maqsad ke liye bandhi hai? ) logon ne batlaya ke yeh ( Hazrat umm-ul-momineen ) Zainab (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا) ki rassi hai. jab woh ( ibadat karte karte ) thak jati hain to is ke sath latak jati hain ( taa ke susti door ho jaye ). Nabi ﷺ ne

farmaya : usay khol do! tum mein se aik shakhs ko chahiye ke woh us waqt namaz padhay jab woh Farhat o nishat mehsoos krea jab sust ho jaye ( thak jaye ) to so jaye. ( Bukhari-o-Muslim )

 

TAKHREEJ :

Sahih ul-Bukhari, at tahajjud, bab ma yakrahu min tashdid fil ebadat Hadees: 1150, w Sahih Muslim, salati al musafirin wa qasriha. Bab fazeelat amal lid daaim min qiyam-il-lail Hadees:784. 

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL:

1- Is mein bhi be janti aur اثنائے namaz kisi cheez ka sahara lainay se roka gaya hai. 

2- Kisi munkir ka azaala haath se mumkin ho to foran hi is ko band kar diya jaye. 

3- Ebadaat mein miyana rawi aur auqaat nishat ka ihtimaam kya jaye. 

4- Is se sahaba karaam aur Sahabiyaat di hai ke zouq ibadat ka bakhoobi andaza lagaya ja sakta hai .

147 ـ وعن عائشة ـ رضي الله عنها ـ أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: (إذا نعس أحدكم وهو يصلي، فليرقد حتى يذهب عنه النوم، فإن أحدكم إذا صلي وهو ناعس لا يدري لعله يذهب يستغفر فيسب نفسه) متفق عليه.

 

(147) Hazrat Aisha (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا) se riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya :” jab tum mein se kisi shakhs ko namaz padhte hue ongh aaye to usay chahiye ke woh so jaye yahan tak ke us ki neend door ho jaye, is liye ke jab woh onghte hue namaz padhay ga to usay yeh ilim nahi ho ga ke shayad woh apne tor par to mughfirat ki dua mangnay lagey lekin ( dar haqeeqat ) woh apne nafs ke liye bud-dua kar raha ho.” ( Bukhari-o-Muslim )

 

TAKHREEJ;

Sahih ul-Bukhari, al wuzu, baab,al wuzu minna-naum…. Hadees 212.

Sahih Muslim, salati al musafirin wa qasriha, baab, amr man naeisa fi salatihi…..hadees : 786

 

FAWAAID WA MASAAIL:

1- onnghte hue namaz padhnay ki haalat mein insaan kehna yeh chahta ho : aye Allah mujhe bakhash day. lekin neend ke ghalbay mein us ke bar’aks keh day: mujhe nah bakhash. 

2- Yeh hukum aam tor par nafli namazon ke liye hai kiyun-kay farz namazon ki to tadaad mukhtasir hai aur is mein bhi imam ko takhfeef ki takeed ki gayi hai. goya is ka matlab bhi wohi hai jo guzashta ahadees ka hai ke nishat o raahat ke auqaat mein ibadat ki jaye. 

3- Hamaray muashray mein jo waba chal niklee hai ke log raat gaye tak sotay nahi aur subah un ki aankh hi nahi khulti ke uth kar namaz padheen, aisay logon ke liye qat-tan yeh uzur nahi hai ke woh neend ki wajah se namaz nahi padh satke .

148 ـ وعن أبي عبد الله جابر بن سمرة ـ السوائي رضي الله عنهما ـ قال: كنت أصلي مع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم الصلوات، فكانت صلاته قصداً، وخطبته قصداً) رواه مسلم. 
قوله: (قصداً) أي بين الطول والقصر.

 

[ 148 ] Hazrat Abu Abdullah Jabir bin Samurah sawai (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) bayan karte hain ke main Nabi ﷺ  ke sath ( aap ki iqtida mein ) namazain padhta tha, aap ki namaz bhi darmiyani hoti thi aur aap ka khutba bhi darmiyaana. ( Muslim )

qasdan ka matlab hai : nah lamba nah mukhtasir balkay dono ke darmiyan. 

 

TAKHREEJ :

Sahih Muslim, Bab takhfeef as salati wa khutbati, Hadees: 866.

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL:

1- Is se maloom huwa ke Imam ka jamaat ki haalat mein lambi namaz padhana, isi terhan jummay o Eidain waghera mein lamba khutba dena sunnat ke khilaaf hai. 

2-  Takhfeef ka yeh matlab hargiz nahi ke ruku aur sajda bhi durust nah ho aur chand minute mein namaz se farigh ho jayen jaisa ke aksar log karte hain .

 

RAVI HADEES :

[ HAZRAT ABU ABDULLAH JABIR BIN SAMURAH (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا) ]: jabir bin Samurah Junadah Sawai.

Abu Abdullah kuniat hai. yeh Bano Zohrah ke Haleef thay. Baap aur Beta dono Sahabi hain. Koofa mein sukoonat ikhtiyar ki aur wahan hi ghar bhi banaya. Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqas ke Bhanjay hain. 66 ya 74 hijri ko wafaat payi. un se 146 ahadees marwi hain .

149 ـ وعن أبي جحبفة وهب بن عبد الله ـ رضي الله عنه ـ قال: آخى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بين سلمان وأبي الدرداء، فزار سلمان أبا الدرداء، فرأى أم الدرداء متبذلة، فقال: ما شأنك: قالت : أخوك أبو الدرداء ليس له حاجة في الدنيا، فجاء أبو الدرداء فصنع له طعاماً، فقال له: كل فإني صائم، قال: ما أنا بآكل حتى تأكل، فأكل فلما كان الليل، ذهب أبو الدرداء يقوم، فقال له: نم، فنام. ثم ذهب يقوم فقال له: نم، فلما كان من آخر الليل، قال سلمان: قم الآن. فصليا جميعاً، فقال له سلمان: إن لربك عليك حقاً، وإن لنفسك عليك حقاً، وإن لأهلك عليك حقاً، فأعط كل ذي حق حقه , فأتى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فذكر ذلك له، فقال النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم: (صدق سلمان) . رواه البخاري.

 

( 149 ) Hazrat Abu Juhaifah Wahab bin Abdullah (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai ke Nabi ﷺ ne ( hijrat ke baad ) Hazrat Salman aur Hazrat Abu Dardaa (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا) ke darmiyan bhai charah qaim farma diya tha . Salman ( aik roz apne islami bhai ) Abu Dardaa ki mulaqaat ke liye ( un ke ghar ) gaye to unhon ne dekha ke ( un ki Ahliya ) Umm-e-Dardaa (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا) melay kuchaile kapday pehnay hoti hain. unhon ne poochha : ( yeh ) tumahra kiya haal hai? unhon ne jawab diya : tumhare bhai Abu Dardaa ko duniya ki koi haajat hi nahi hai. ( itnay mein ) Abu Dardaa bhi tashreef le aaye aur unhon ne apne bhai Salman ke liye khana tayyar kiya aur un se kaha : tum khao mera to roza hai. unhon ne farmaya : main to us waqt tak nahi khaoun ga jab tak tum bhi ( mere sath ) nahi khao ge, chunanchay unhon ne bhi ( nafli roza toar kar un ke sath ) khaya, phir jab raat hui to woh nawafil padhnay lagey. Salman ne un se kaha : ( abhi ) so jao, chunanchay woh so gaye, phir thori der baad woh uth kar nawafil padhnay lagey. Salman ne unhein ( phir rok diya aur ) kaha so jao, jab raat ka aakhri pehar huwa to Salman ne un se kaha : ab utha kar qiyam karo. chunanchay dono ne ikathay nawafil padhnay phir Salman ne ( Abu Dardaa se ) kaha : yaqeenan tumhare Rab ka tum par haq hai aur tumhare apne nafs ka ( bhi ) tum par haq hai. aur tumhare ghar walon ( Biwi Bachon ) ka ( bhi ) tum par haq hai is liye har sahib haq ko us ka haq do! phir woh ( Abu Dardaa) Nabi ﷺ ki khidmat mein haazir hue aur yeh sara waqea aap ko sunaya to Nabi ﷺ  ne farmaya :” salman ne sach kaha.” ( Bukhari )

 

TAKHREEJ : 

Sahih ul-Bukhari, assaum, bab man aqsama ala akhihi liyuftora fit tatwuei Hadees:1968.

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL:

1- Raat ko uth kar qiyam karna agar chay nihayat pasandeeda amal hai lekin agar matlooba haqooq ko nazar andaaz kar ke aisa kiya jaye ga to yeh na pasandeeda qarar paye ga.

2-  Qiyam-ul-lail (tahajjud) ka sahih waqt raat ka aakhri ( teesra ) hissa hai taa ke insaan raat ke pehlay do hisson mein aaraam aur haqooq zojiat waghera ada kar le. 

3- Nafli roza todna jaaiz hai us ki qaza zaroori nahi. 

4- Deen ki bunyaad par bhai charah qaim karna aur phir aik dosray se mil mulaqaat ke liye ghar par aana jana jaaiz hai. 

5- Aik dosray ki sahih rahnumai karna zaroori hai. 

6- Ba-waqt zaroorat ajnabi aurat se baat karna jaaiz hai. aur ye un logon ke khilaaf Daleel hai jo kehte hain ke aurat ki aawaz bhi parda hai.

 

RAVI HADEES :

HAZRAT ABU JUHAIFAH WAHAB BIN ABDULLAH (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) Wahab bin Abdullah Junadah bin Sawai bin al Aamiri Al Suwai, kuniat: Abu Juhaifah hai jo naam se ziyada mashhoor hai. Kofi hain. Nabi ﷺ ki wafaat ke waqt baloghat ko nahi puhanche thay. Hazrat Ali (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ke qabil aetmaad logon mein shaamil aur minbar ke paas khaday hotay thay. aur woh unhein Wahab al-kair ke naam se pukarte thay neez Hazrat Ali(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ne unhein Khums mein apne hissay par nigran muqarrar kiya tha. 74 hijri mein wafaat payi. Rasoolullah ﷺ se 45 ahadees riwayat ki hain .

150_ وعن أبي محمد عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنهما قال‏: ‏ أخبر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أني أقول‏: ‏ والله! لأصومن النهار، ولأقومن الليل ماعشت، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏: ‏ ((أنت الذي تقول ذلك‏؟‏)) فقلت له‏: ‏ قد قلته بأبى أنت وأمى يا رسول الله‏! قال‏: ‌‏((فإنك لا تستطيع ذلك؛ فصم وأفطر، ونم وقم، وصم من الشهر ثلاثة أيام، فإن الحسنة بعشر أمثالها، وذلك مثل صيام الدهر‏)) قلت‏: ‏ فإنى أطيق أفضل من ذلك، قال‏: ‏ ((فصم يوما وأفطر يومين)). قلت‏: ‏ فإنى أطيق أفضل من ذلك، قال‏: ‏ ‏((فصم يوماً وأفطر يوماً، فذلك صيام داود صلى الله عليه وسلم، وهو أعدل الصيام‏)).‏ 
_ وفي رواية‏: ‏ ‏”((وهو أفضل الصيام‏))”‏ _ فقلت ‏: ‏ فإني أطيق أفضل من ذلك‏، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏: ‏ ‏”‏ ((لا أفضل من ذلك‏))”‏ ولأن أكون قبلت الثلاثة الأيام التي قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أحب إليّ من أهلي وما لي‏.‏ 
وفي رواية‏: ‏ ‏((ألم أخبر أنك تصوم النهار وتقوم الليل‏؟‌‏)) قلت ‏: ‏ بلى يا رسول الله! قال‏: ‏ ‏((فلا تفعل‏: ‏ صم وأفطر ، ونم وقم، فإن لجسدك عليك حقاً، وإن لعينيك عليك حقاً، وإن لزوجك عليك حقاً، وإن لزورك عليك حقاً، وإن بحسبك أن تصوم في كل شهر ثلاثة أيام ، فإن لك بكل حسنة عشر أمثالها، فإن ذلك صيام الدهر‏)) فشددت فشدد عليّ، قلت‏: ‏ يا رسول الله! إني أجد قوة، قال‏: ‏ ‏((صم صيام نبي الله داود ولا تزد عليه‏)) قلت‏: ‏وما كان صيام داود‏؟‏ قال‏: ‏ ‏((نصف الدهر‏)) فكان عبد الله يقول بعدما كبر‏: ‏ يا ليتني قبلت رخصة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ 
وفي رواية‏: ‏ ‏(( ألم أخبر أنك تصوم الدهر، وتقرأ القرآن كل ليلةٍ‏؟‏‍‍‍‍‍‍‏)) فقلت‏: ‏ بلى يا رسول الله! ولم أرد بذلك إلا الخير، قال‏: ‏((فصم صوم نبي الله داود، فإنه كان أعبد الناس، واقرإِ القرآن كل شهرٍ‏)) قلت‏: ‏ يا نبي الله! إني أطيق أفضل من ذلك‏، قال‏: ‏ ‏((فاقرأه في كل عشرين‏)) قلت‏: ‏ يا نبي الله! إني أطيق أفضل من ذلك‏، قال‏: ‏(( فاقرأه في كل عشر‏ )) قلت: يا نبي الله! إني أطيق أفضل من ذلك‏، قال‏: ‏ ‏((فاقرأه في كل سبع ولا تزد على ذلك‏)).‏ فشددت فشدد عليّ ، وقال لي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم‏: ‏ ‏(( إنك لا تدري لعلك يطول بك عمر‏))، قال‏: ‏ فصرت إلى الذي قال لي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فلما كبرت وددت أني كنت قبلت رخصة نبي الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ 
وفي رواية‏: ((وإن لولدك عليك حقاً‏)) 
وفي رواية‏: ‏(( لا صام من صام الأبد‏)) ثلاثاً‏.‏ وفي رواية‏: ‏((أحب الصيام إلى الله تعالى صيام داود، وأحب الصلاة إلى الله تعالى صلاة داود‏: ‏ كان ينام نصف الليل، ويقوم ثلثه، وينام سدسه، وكان يصوم يوما ويفطر يوماً، ولا يفر إذا لاقى‏))”‌‏.‏ 
وفي رواية‏: ‏ أنكحني أبي امرأة ذات حسب، وكان يتعاهد كنته _ أي ‏: إمرأة ولده_ فيسألها عن بعلها، فتقول له ‏: ‏ نعم الرجل من رجل لم يطأ لنا فراشاً ولم يفتش لنا كنفًا منذ أتيناه‏، فلمّا طال ذلك عليه، ذكر ذلك للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم‏، فقال‏: ‏ (( إلقنى به‏)) فلقيته بعد ذلك فقال‏: ‏((كيف تصوم‏؟‌‏)) قلت : كل يوم، قال‏: ‏ ((وكيف تختم‏؟‌‏)) قلت‏: ‏ كل ليلةٍ. _ وذكر نحو ما سبق  _ وكان يقرأ على بعض أهله السبع الذي يقرؤه، يعرضه من النهار ليكون أخف عليه بالليل، وإذا أراد أن يتقوى أفطر أياماً وأحصى وصام مثلهن كراهية أن يترك شيئاً فارق عليه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ 
كل هذه الروايات صحيحة، معظمها في الصحيحين وقليل منها في أحدهما‏.‏

 

(150)_ Hazrat Abu Mohammad Abdullah bin Amr bin Aas (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا) se riwayat hai ke Nabi ﷺ ko ( mere baray mein ) batlaya gaya ke main kehta hon : ” Allah ki qasam! jab tak main zindah rahon ga din ko roza rakhon ga aur raat ko qiyam karoon ga. Rasoolullah ﷺ ne mujh se farmaya” tum ne yeh baatein ki hain? “ main ne aap se kaha : mere maa baap aap par qurbaan hon, yaqeenan yeh baatein main ne ki hain.” aap ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya :” tum un ki taaqat nahi rakho gaye is liye tum roza rakho ( bhi ) aur ( bhi ) chode bhi do. isi terhan ( raat ka kuchh hissa ) so jao aur ( kuchh hissa ) qiyam karo. aur mahinay mein teen rozay rakh liya karo is liye ke har neki ka ajar das guna hai tumahra yeh amal hamesha roza rakhnay ki misl ho jaye ga. main ne kaha : main is se ziyada karne ki taaqat rakhta hon. aap ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya :” tum aik din roza rakha karo aur do din rozay ka nagha kiya karo. main ne kaha : main is se ziyada ki taaqat rakhta hon. aap( ﷺ ) ne farmaya :” aik din roza rakho aik din chode do. yeh Hazrat Dawood (عليه السلام) ka roza hai aur yeh rozon mein sab se motadil aur munasib tareeqa hai. “ aik aur riwayat mein hai yeh sab se afzal roza hai. main ne kaha : main us se ziyada ki taaqat rakhta hon. Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya : is se ziyada fazeelat wala koi tareeqa nahi hai.” ( Hazrat Abdullah bin Amar Ravi hadees bayan farmatay hain ke burhapay mein mujhe ehsas huwa ke) agar main ( har mahinay ) woh teen rozay rakhna qubool kar laita jin ke mutaliq Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya tha to yeh mujhe apne ahal wa ayal aur maal se ziyada mehboob hota. 

aik aur riwayat mein hai ( Nabi ﷺ  ne farmaya :” kiya mujhe yeh nahi batlaya gaya ke tum din ko roza rakhtay aur raat ko nawafil padhte ho? main ne kaha : bilkul sahih hai aye Allah ke Rasool! aap ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya : ( aisa ) nah karo! tum roza rakho ( bhi ) aur ( kabhi ) chode bhi do. ( isi terhan raat ka kuchh hissa ) so jao aur ( Kuchh hissa ) qiyam karo is liye ke tumhare jism ka bhi tum par haq hai, tumhari aankhon ka bhi tum par haq hai, tumhari biwi ka bhi tum par haq hai aur tumhare maheman aur mulaqati ka bhi tum par haq hai. tumhare liye yeh kaafi hai ke tum har mahinay mein teen din rozay rakh liya karo. be shak tumhare liye har Neki ka ajar das guna hai (is terhan teen din ke rozay tees (30) rozon ke barabar hain ). bilashuba tumahra yeh amal hamesha roza rakhnay ki terhan ho jaye ga.” ( lekin aap ke is mashwaray ke muqablay mein ) main ne sakhti ko pasand kiya to mujh par sakhti kar di gayi. main ne kaha : aye Allah ke Rasool! main apne andar kaafi qowat paata hon. aap ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya : tum Allah ke paighambar Hazrat Dawod (عليه السلام) ki misl rozay rakho, aur is par izafah nah karo.” main ne poochha:

Dawod (عليه السلام) ka roza kis terhan ka tha? aap ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya : ” nisf zamana ( yani aik din roza rakhna aur aik din nagha karna ).” chunanchay Hazrat Abdullah bin Amar Boodhay honay ke baad farmaya karte thay : haye kash ! main ne Rasoolullah ﷺ ki rukhsat qubool kar li hoti. 

aik aur riwayat mein hai ( Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya : )” kiya mujhe yeh nahi batlaya gaya ke tum hamesha roza rakhtay ho aur ( raat ko ) saari raat Quran padhte ho? “ main ne kaha : bilkul sahih hai aye Allah ke Rasool! lekin is se mera maqsad siwaye bhalai ke aur kuchh nahi. aap ne farmaya : tum Allah ke paighambar hazrat Dawood (عليه السلام) wala roza rakho woh logon mein sab se ziyada ibadat guzaar thay. aur har mahinay mein ( aik ) Quran padho. main ne kaha : aye Allah ke Nabi! main is se ziyada ki taaqat rakhta hon. aap ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya :” har bees (20) din mein usay padho. main ne kaha : Allah ke Rasool! main is se ziyada ki taaqat rakhta hon. aap ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya :” tum usay das (10) din mein padho. “ main ne kaha : main is se ziyada ki taaqat rakhta hon. aap yeh ne farmaya :” pas tum usay saat din mein padho ( yani khatam karo ) is se ziyada mat karna. chunanchay main ne sakhti ki to mujhe par bhi sakhti kar di gayi. aur mujh se Nabi Kareem ﷺ ne farmaya : “tumhen nahi maloom shayad tumhari Umar daraaz ho.” Hazrat Abdullah ( Ravi hadees ) ne kaha : chunanchay main is haal ko pahonch gaya jo mere baray mein Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya tha. jab main boodha ho gaya to main ne chaha ke kash main woh rukhsat qubool kar laita jo Allah ke paighambar mujhe day rahay thay .

aur aik aur riwayat mein hai ( aap ne farmaya : ) aur bilashuba tumhari aulaad ka bhi tum par haq hai .

aik aur riwayat mein hai ( aap ne farmaya : “is ka roza nahi jis ne hamesha roza rakha. teen martaba aap ne yeh farmaya .

aik aur riwayat mein hai : Allah taala ko sab se ziyada mehboob roza Hazrat Dawood (عليه السلام) ka roza hai aur sab se ziyada mehboob namaz Allah ke nazdeek Dawood (عليه السلام)ki namaz hai. woh aadhi raat sotay aur us ka teesra hissa namaz padhte aur phir is ke chhatay hissay mein aaraam farmatay. aur woh aik din roza rakhtay aur Aik din roza na rakhte. aur jab Dushman se mudh bheed hoti to bhagte nahi they.

aik aur riwayat mein hai ( Hazrat Abdullah bin Amr (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا) farmatay hain : mere Baap ne mera nikah aik khandani aurat se kara diya. woh apni Baho ka bohat khayaal rakhtay thay, yani apne Betay ki Biwi ka. chunanchay woh us se us ke Khawand ke mutaliq puchhte to woh un se kehti : admion mein se achhay aadmi hain jab se ham un ke paas aaye hain unhon ne kabhi hamara bistar nahi ronda ( yani mere sath nahi letey ) aur hamari parday wali cheez ko nahi tatola ( yani ham bistare nahi ki. ) jab is terhan ki haalat ko lamba arsa ho gaya to unhon ne is ka zikar Nabi Kareem ﷺ se kiya. to aap ne ( mere Waalid se mere baray mein ) kaha : us ko mujh se milwao. chunanchay us ke baad main aap se mila to aap ( ﷺ ) ne poochha :” tum roza kaisay rakhtay ho? main ne kaha : rozana. aap ( ﷺ ) ne poocha :” tum Quran kaisay khatam karte hon. main ne kaha har raat ko. is ke baad un baton ka zikar kiya jo pehlay guzren. aur ( Abdullah bin Amr ) apne baaz ghar walon ko ( Quran Majeed ka ) woh satwaan hissa sunaate jo woh ( raat ko nawafil mein ) padhte. din ko us ka daur farma letay taa ke raat ko ( us ka padhna ) un ke liye aasaan ho jaye. aur jab woh qowat haasil karna chahtay to kuchh din rozay chode dete aur unhein gin letay aur itnay rozay baad mein rakh letay ( kiyun-kay ) woh is baat ko na pasand karte thay ke woh koi aisi cheez chode den jis par unhon ne Nabi ﷺ se judayi ikhtiyar ki .

yeh tamam riwayaat ( jo zikar ki gayi hain ) sahih hain. un ka beshtar hissa Bukhari-o-Muslim dono mein hai aur thoda hissa aisa hai jawan dono mein se kisi aik hi mein hai .

 

TAKHREEJ :

Sahih ul-Bukhari, as-sawm, bab haq-il-jism fis-sawmi, Hadees: 1975 , wa-Sahih Muslim, as- siyamu, bab an-nahyi an sawm-id-dahri…. Hadees: 1159.

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL:

1- Is mein jahan sahaba karaam (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ) ke zuhud-wa-warae aur shoq ibadat ka bayan hai wahan Nabi ﷺ  ki un talemaat o Hadayat ka tazkara bhi hai jin mein aitdaal aur miyana rawi ikhtiyar karne aur deen o duniya dono ke taqazay poooray karne ki Talqeen hai. 

2- Sahabiyaat (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُنَّ) ki Iffat aur un ki sharam o haya ka bhi aik namona is mein hai ke Abdullah (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ki biwi apne Khawand ki be raghbati nihayat khamoshi se bardasht karti rahen aur jab un ke Susar ne un se poochha to nihayat mohazab aur kanaye ke andaaz mein is ka izhaar farmaya.

3- Ghar ke Sarbarah ( Waalid waghera ) ko tamam cheezon par nazar rakhni chahiye aur dekhna chahiye ke is ke zair-e-saya Aulaad aik dosray ke haqooq poooray karti hai ya nahi .

151_وعن أبي ربعي حنظلة بن الربيع الأسيدى الكاتب_ أحد كتاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم _ قال‏: ‏ لقيني أبو بكر رضي الله عنه فقال‏: ‏ كيف أنت يا حنظلة‏!؟‏ قلت‏: ‏ نافق حنظلة‏؟‏ قلت‏: ‏ نافق حنظلة ‍‍‏! (‏ قال‏: ‏ سبحان الله ما تقول‏؟‏ قلت‏: ‏ نكون عند رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يذكرنا بالجنة والنار كأنا رأي عين، فإذا خرجنا من عند رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، عافسنا الأزواج والأولاد والضيعات، نسينا كثيراً‏.‏ قال أبو بكر رضي الله عنه ‏: ‏ فوالله! إنا لنلقى مثل هذا۔ فانطلقت أنا وأبو بكر، حتى دخلنا على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ فقلت‏: ‏ نافق حنظلة يا رسول الله! فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏: ‏ ‏”‏وما ذاك‏؟‌‏”‏ قلت‏: ‏ يا رسول الله! نكون عندك تذكرنا بالنار والجنة، كأنا رأي العين، فإذا خرجنا من عندك عافسنا الأزواج والأولاد والضيعات نسينا كثيراً‏.‏ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ‏ ‏”‏والذي نفسي بيده! لو تدومون على ما تكونون عندي، وفي الذكر، لصافحتكم الملائكة على فرشكم، وفي طرقكم، ولكن، يا حنظلة! ساعة وساعة‏”‏ ثلاث مرات، ‏(‌‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‌‏)‌‏.‏
قوله: ربعي) بكسر الراء. (والأسيدي) بضم الهمزة وفتح السين وبعدها ياء مكسورة مشددة وقوله: (عافسنا) هو بالعين والسين المهملتين، أي عالجنا ولا عبنا. (والضيعات) : المعايش.



(151)_ Hazrat Abu Ribei Hanzala bin Rabie Usaiyidi (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai, yeh Nabi Kareem ﷺ ke katiboon mein se aik katib thay, yeh bayan farmatay hain ke mujhe Abu Bakar (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) mile, unhon ne poochha : Hanzala kaisay ho? main ne kaha : Hanzala to Munafiq ho gaya hai. Abu Bakar ne farmaya : subhan Allah ! yeh tum kiya keh rahay ho? main ne kaha : ( jab ) ham Rasoolullah ﷺ ke paas hotay hain, aap hamaray samnay Jannat aur Dozakh ka is terhan tazkara farmatay hain goya ke ham aankhon se dekh rahay hain, lekin jab ham Rasoolullah ﷺ ki majlis se nikal atay hain to Biwi Bachon mein aur duniya ke kaarobar mein mashghool ho jatay hain aur bohat si cheeze bhool jatay hain. Abu Bakar (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ne farmaya : Allah ki qasam! in jaisi baton se to ham bhi do chaar hotay hain ( yani agar yeh nifaq hai to ham bhi is mein mubtala hain aur is aitbaar se yeh nihayat tashweesh naak maamla hai ). chunanchay main aur Abu-Bakar ( dono ) chalay hatta ke Nabi ﷺ ki khidmat mein pahonch gaye. main ne kaha : aye Allah ke Rasool! Hanzala to Munafiq ho gaya hai? Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya : yeh kaisay? main ne kaha : aye Allah ke Rasool! ( jab ) ham aap ke paas hotay hain, aap hamaray samnay Jannat aur Dozakh ka tazkara farmatay hain to ( aisay maloom hota hai ke ) goya ham aankhon se dekh rahay hain, phir jab ham aap ki majlis se nikal atay hain to Biwi Bachon aur kaarobar mein mashghool ho jatay hain aur bohat si baatein bhool jatay hain. Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya qasam hai us zaat ki jis ke haath mein meri jaan hai! agar tum hamesha isi haalat o kefiyat mein raho jis mein tum mere paas hotay ho aur ( har waqt ) Allah ki yaad mein raho to farishtay tumhare bistaron aur tumhare raastoon mein tum se musaafhe karen. lekin aye Hanzala ! waqt waqt ki baat hai. teen martaba aap ne yeh irshad farmaya. ( yani har likhiye, insaan ki aik hi kefiyat nahi rehti balkay halaat ke aitbaar se kefiyat badalti rehti hai. ( Muslim )

 

ربعی”

ra” ki zair ke sath. 

اسیدی :” 

hamza” ke paish aur seene ke zabar ke sath aur is ke baad ” ya” par tashdid aur zeera 

عافسا :

” Aeen” aur seene ( baghair nuqton ) ke sath. maienay hain : ham kamon aur khail kood mein masroof ho jatay hain. 

ضيعات

guzra auqaat ke zaraye ( maslan : dast kaari, khaiti baadi, tijarat o sanat aur maal o doulat waghera )

 

TAKHREEJ : 

Sahih Muslim, at Taubati, bab fazl dawam-iz-zikr wal fikr fi umooril aakhirati Hadees: 2750.

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL: 

1- Is mein bhi sahaba karaam (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ) ke Zuhad o warae aur taqwa ke zikar ke ilawa insani sarshat ke hawalay se insaan ki tagayur Pazeer haalat o kefiyat ka bayan hai. is ka talluq nifaq se nahi, dil ki ghaflat se hai jis ko insaan badalny par to Qadir nahi hai, taham zikar-e-illahi ki kasrat se is ka izaala kar sakta hai. 

2- Naik logon ki ziyarat aur waaz wa nasihat ki majalis mein shirkat karni chahiye, is se insaan ke imaan ko jala millti hai .

 

RAVI HADEES :

[ HAZRAT ABU RIBEI HANZALA BIN RABIE (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ]: Hanzala bin Rabiey bin Saifi bin Riyah bin Al-Haris. Abu Ribei kuniat hai. Tamimi hain. un ko log Hanzala Usaiyidi aur katib kehte hain kyunkay yeh Rasoolullah ﷺ ki taraf se khat kitabat kiya karte thay. Aksam bin Saifi ke Bhatije hain. yeh un logon mein se hain jo Hazrat Ali (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se jang Jamal mein peechhay reh gaye thay. jang qadsih mein shareek thay. Koofa ko apna maskan banaya. Ameer muawiya (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)ke daur khilafat mein 45 hijri ko faut hue .

152ـ وعن أبن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال: بينما النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يخطب إذا هو برجل قائم، فسأل عنه فقالوا: أبو إسرائيل نذر أن يقوم في الشمس ولا يقعد، ولا يستظل ولا يتكلم، ولا يصوم، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: (مروه فليتكلم، وليستظل، وليقعد، وليتم صومه) رواه البخاري.

 

[152 ] Hazrat Ibn Abbas (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا) se riwayat hai aik dafea

Nabi ﷺ khutba irshad farma rahay thay ke achanak aap ki nazar aik ( dhoop mein ) khaday aadmi par padi. aap ne us ke baray mein poochha to logon ne batlaya ke is ka naam Abu Israyil hai. is ne Nazar maani hai ke dhoop mein khada rahay ga, baithy ga nahi, nah saya haasil kere ga aur nah guftagu kere ga aur roza rakhay ga. Nabi ﷺ  ne farmaya :” is se kaho ke woh guftagu kare saya haasil kere aur baith jaye Albata apna roza poora karle. ( Bukhari )

 

TAKHREEJ :

Sahih ul-Bukhari, al Imaan wan nuazoor, baab an nazr fi maa laa yamlik wa fi maesiyati , Hadees : 6704 .

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL:

1- Is se malom huwa ke Allah ka qurb khud sakhta tareeqon se nahi balkay Qur’an wa Hadees ke mutabiq amal aur ibadat karne se haasil hota hai.

2- Aisi Nazar poori nahi karni chahiye jis mein maesiyat ho ya jis ka hukum Shariat mein nah ho. jis ki baaz misalein is hadees mein hain.

3-  Yeh hadees jamhoor ulama ki Daleel hai jo Nazar maesiyat ke poora nah karne par kaffarah zaroori qarar nahi dete kyunkay Nabi ﷺ ne usay kaffara ada karne ka hukum nahi diya .

153 ـ وعن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: (من نام عن حزبه من الليل، أو عن شيء منه فقرأه ما بين صلاة الفجر وصلاة الظهر، كتب له كأنما قرأه من الليل) رواه مسلم.

 

(153) Hazrat Umar bin khattab (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya: ” jo shakhs apne raat ke wazifay se ya us ke kuchh hissay se so jaye aur woh usay Fajar ki namaz se le kar Zuhur ki namaz ke darmiyan padh le to us ke liye likh diya jata hai goya us ne usay raat hi ko padha hai. ( Muslim )

 

TAKHREEJ: 

Sahih Muslim, salati al musafirin wa qasriha Bab Jamie salati al laili man naama anhu aw mariza, Hadees: 747.

 

FAWAAID WA MASAIL:

1- Hizab, asal mein ghaat par pani lainay ki baari ko kaha jata hai, phir yeh us wazifay ke liye istemaal kiya jane laga jo insaan apne tor par ( bator nafli ibadat ke ) muqarrar kar laita hai masalan : main itnay nawafil ya Quran ka itna hissa ya falan amal rozana karoon ga. 

2- Is mein is amar ki targheeb hai ke apne aur uud ki hifazat ki jaye neez kisi se us ka wird rah jaye aur woh usay qareeb tareen waqt mein ada kar le to usay is ke wird ka poora ajar miley ga, is ke be waqt honay se ajar mein kami nahi ho gi. 3- Apne tor par nawafil ka taayun durust hai, masalan : koi shakhs yeh tay kar le ke main rozana paanch paaray tilawat Quran aur itnay nawafil ada karoon ga, Albata us makhsoos Adad ki logon ko dawat dena ya us ki fazeelat bayan karna na jaaiz hai jo bidaat ke zumray mein aata hai .

 

REFERENCE:
BOOK: Riyaz us Saliheen(Urdu)
Taleef: Imam Nawawi Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah aur Fawaid: Hafiz Salah Uddin Yusuf.

 

 

Chapter 14

Moderation in Worship

Allah, the Exalted, says:

 

“Ta-Ha. We have not sent down the Qur’an unto you (O Muhammad (PBUH)) to cause you distress”. (20:1,2)

 

“Allah intends for you ease, and He does not want to make things difficult for you”. (2:185)

 

  1. Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) came in when a woman was sitting beside me. He asked me, “Who is she?” I said: “She is the one whose performance of Salat (prayer) has become the talk of the town.” Addressing her, he (PBUH) said, “(What is this!) You are required to take upon yourselves only what you can carry out easily. By Allah, Allah does not withhold His Mercy and forgiveness of you until you neglect and give up (good works). Allah likes the deeds best which a worshipper can carry out constantly”.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

 

Commentary:

  1. This Hadith prohibits `Ibadah (worship) beyond one’s capacity lest one gets tired and stops it altogether. One should be, therefore, moderate in this respect.
  1. Allah likes that good action which is done regularly, even if it is a small one. Any good deed which is done continuously, will also have an everlasting reward. On the contrary, a good deed which is done for a short period will have a short return.
  1. Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Three men came to the houses of the wives of the Prophet (PBUH) to inquire about the worship of the Prophet (PBUH). When they were informed, they considered their worship insignificant and said: “Where are we in comparison with the Prophet (PBUH) while Allah has forgiven his past sins and future sins”. One of them said: “As for me, I shall offer Salat all night long.” Another said: “I shall observe Saum (fasting) continuously and shall not break it”. Another said: “I shall abstain from women and shall never marry”. The Prophet (PBUH) came to them and said, “Are you the people who said such and such things? By Allah, I fear Allah more than you do, and I am most obedient and dutiful among you to Him, but still I observe fast and break it; perform Salat and sleep at night and take wives. So whoever turns away from my Sunnah does not belong to me”.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

 

Commentary:

  1. This Hadith deals with the following five points:
  1. a) Moderation in worship.
  1. b) Obligation to marry.
  1. c) Inducement for following in the Prophet’s footsteps.
  1. d) Prohibition from observing Saum (fasts) all the time.
  1. e) Prohibition of keeping awake all the night for Nawafil prayers.
  1. There is neither virtue nor reward for making innovations in religion. All the blessings and rewards lie only in the obedience and following the conduct of the Prophet (PBUH).
  1. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Ruined are those who insist on hardship in matters of the Faith.” He repeated this three times.
[Muslim]

 

Commentary:  This Hadith shows disgust against exercises which many Sufis have introduced in religion which deviate from the conduct of the Prophet (PBUH) and encourage self-violence. Similarly, such people who are hypocritical and make unnecessary probe into religious matters also fall in this category and are usually far from the teachings and practice of the Prophet (PBUH).

  1. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said, “The religion (of Islam) is easy, and whoever makes the religion a rigour, it will overpower him. So, follow a middle course (in worship); if you can’t do this, do something near to it and give glad tidings and seek help (of Allah) at morn and at dusk and some part of night”.
[Al-Bukhari].

 

Commentary:  Besides moderation in worship, this Hadith enjoins that such times should be fixed for worship when one is fresh so that one feels pleasure in performing it. But this principle is for optional and voluntary prayers only. Obligatory Salat are to be performed at the prescribed times only.

  1. Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) came into the mosque and noticed a rope stretched between two poles. He enquired, “What is this rope for?” He was told: “This is Zainab’s rope. When during her voluntary prayer, she begins to feel tired, she grasps it for support”. The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Untie it. You should perform prayers so long as you feel active. When you feel tired, you should go to sleep”.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

 

Commentary:  This Hadith deals with the following three points:

 

  1. It forbids undue strictness and taking support of anything in the course of Salat.
  1. If wrong can be corrected by hand, it must be stopped immediately.
  1. One should be moderate in `Ibadah and select such times for optional and voluntary prayers when one feels real pleasure in them.
  1. `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “When one of you feels drowsy during prayer, let him lie down till drowsiness goes away from him, because when one of you performs prayers while feeling sleepy, he does not know whether he seeks forgiveness or abuses himself”.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
  1. Jabir bin Samurah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I used to perform prayer with the Prophet (PBUH) and his Salat was of a moderate length and his Khutbah too was moderate in length.
[Muslim].

 

Commentary: This Hadith tells us that Imam should neither lengthen the Salat nor give a long Khutbah in the congregational Salat because both of these things are not according to the practice of the Prophet (PBUH).

  1. Abu Juhaifah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) made a bond of brotherhood between Salman and Abud-Darda’. Salman paid a visit to Abud-Darda’ and found Umm Darda’ (his wife) dressed in shabby clothes and asked her why she was in that state. She replied: “Your brother Abud-Darda’ is not interested in (the luxuries of) this world. In the meantime Abud-Darda’ came in and prepared a meal for Salman. Salman requested Abud-Darda’ to eat (with him) but Abud-Darda’ said: “I am fasting.” Salman said: “I am not going to eat unless you eat.” So, Abud-Darda’ ate (with Salman). When it was night and (a part of the night passed), Abud-Darda’ got up (to offer the night prayer) but Salman asked him to sleep and Abud-Darda’ slept. After some time Abud-Darda’ again got up but Salman asked him to sleep. When it was the last hours of the night, Salman asked him to get up and both of them offered (Tahajjud) prayer. Then Salman told Abud-Darda’: “You owe a duty to your Rubb, you owe a duty to your body; you owe a duty to your family; so you should give to every one his due. Abud-Darda’ came to the Prophet (PBUH) and reported the whole story. Prophet (PBUH) said, “Salman is right”.
[Al-Bukhari].

 

Commentary: This Hadith highlights the following points:

 

  1. Although the performance of voluntary prayers (Nawafil) is highly meritorious, it should not be done at the cost of obligations for, in this case, they loose their merits and are disliked by Allah.
  1. The right time for Tahajjud (optional prayers at night) is the last third part of the night. The reason being that in the first two portions of the night, one should take rest and perform his conjugal duties.
  1. Voluntary fasting can be broken (for valid reasons) without any expiation.
  1. It is permissible to establish fraternity on the basis of Deen, and when this is established, the families so affiliated can associate with each other.
  1. Muslims must provide right guidance to each other.
  1. In case of need, it is permissible to speak to an unknown woman while observing the teachings of the Prophet (PBUH) in this regard, such as lowering the gaze and be as brief as possible.
  1. `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`as (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) was informed that I said that I would perform prayers the whole night and observe fasting every day as long as I live. Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “Is it you who said this?” I said to him, “O Messenger of Allah! I ransom you with my parents, it is I who said that.” Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “You will not be able to do that. Observe fast and break it; sleep and get up for prayer, and observe fast for three days during the month; for every good is multiplied ten times and that will be equal to fasting the whole year.” I said, “O Messenger of Allah! I can do more than that.” He said, “Observe fast one day and leave off the next two days.” I said, “O Messenger of Allah! I have strength to do more than that.” Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “Observe fast every other day, and that is the fasting of Dawud (PBUH) and that is the most moderate fasting”.

According to another narration: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “That is the best fasting.” I said, “But I am capable of doing more than this”. Thereupon, Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “There is nothing better than this.” `Abdullah bin `Amr (May Allah be pleased with them) said (when he grew old): “Had I accepted the three days (fasting during every month) as the Messenger of Allah had said, it would have been dearer to me than my family and my property”.

In another narration `Abdullah is reported to have said: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said to me, “O `Abdullah! Have I not been informed that you observe fast during the day and offer prayer all the night.” I replied, “Yes, O Messenger of Allah!” Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “Don’t do that. Observe fast for few days and then leave off for few days, perform prayers and also sleep at night, as your body has a right upon you, and your eyes have a right upon you; and your wife has a right upon you; your visitors have a right upon you. It is sufficient for you to observe fast three days in a month, as the reward of good deeds is multiplied ten times, so it will be like fasting the whole year.” I insisted (on fasting) and so I was given a hard instruction. I said, “O Messenger of Allah! I have strength.” Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “Observe fast like the fasting of Prophet Dawud (PBUH); and do not fast more than that.” I said: “How was the fasting of Prophet Dawud?” He (PBUH) said, “Half of the year (i.e., he used to fast on every alternate day).”

Afterwards when `Abdullah (May Allah be pleased with him) grew old, he used to say: “Would that I had availed myself of the concession granted to me by Messenger of Allah.”

In another narration `Abdullah is reported to have said: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “I have been informed that you observe fast continuously and recite (the whole of the Qur’an) every night.” I said, “Messenger of Allah! It is right, but I covet thereby nothing but good,” whereupon he (PBUH) said, “Then observe fasts like the fasting of Prophet Dawud (PBUH) as he was the most ardent worshipper of Allah; recite the Qur’an once every month.” I said, “O Prophet of Allah! I am capable of doing more than that.” He said, “Then recite it (the complete Qur’an) in every twenty days.” I said, “O Prophet of Allah I am capable of reciting more than that.” He said, “Then recite it once in every ten days.” I said, “O Prophet of Allah! I am capable of reciting more than that.” He said, “Then recite it once in every seven days, but not recite more than that.” The Prophet of Allah also said to me, “You do not know, you may have a longer life”. When I grew old I wished I had availed myself of the concession (granted to me by) the Prophet of Allah.

In another narration `Abdullah is reported to have said: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “The best fasting with Allah is that of (Prophet) Dawud, and the best prayer with Allah is that of Dawud (PBUH) for he would sleep half of the night and stand for prayer for the third of it and (then) would sleep sixth part of it; he observed fast one day and leave off the other. He would not flee on meeting the enemy”.

In another narration `Abdullah is reported to have said: My father helped me marry a noble woman and he used to inquire of his daughter-in-law regarding her husband. She would say: “He is, indeed, a fine man. Since I have come to him, he has neither stepped on my bed nor he has had sexual intercourse with me”. When this state of affairs lasted for some time, my father mentioned the matter to Messenger of Allah (PBUH) who directed my father saying, “Send him to me”. I went to him accordingly. He asked me, “How often do you observe fast?” I replied; “Daily”. He asked me, “How long do you take in reading the Noble Qur’an completely.” I said, “Once every night”. Then he narrated the whole story. He (in his old age) would recite one seventh of his nightly recitation to some members of his family during the day to lighten his task at night. Whenever he wished to have a relief from his fast on alternate days, he would give up fasting for a few days and make up deficiency later by observing the number of fasts he had missed. He would not give up the number of fasts altogether because he did not like to abandon what he had settled with Messenger of Allah (PBUH).

 

Commentary: This Hadith brings the following two things into focus:

 

  1. Besides mentioning the continence and ardour for worship of the Companions of the Prophet (PBUH), it tells us of the teachings of the Prophet of Allah to adopt moderation and fulfill the lawful needs of life as well as religion.
  1. It also presents a model of the chastity, modesty and bashfulness of the Sahabiyat (women who embraced Islam and saw the Prophet (PBUH)). It tells how patiently they bore the indifference of their husbands. In the instance quoted in the above mentioned Hadith, the politeness with which the wife of Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`as (May Allah be pleased with them) answered her father-in-law when he inquired her about the treatment of her husband is a model of decency and modesty.
  1. Hanzalah Al-Usayyidi (May Allah be pleased with him) who was one of the scribes of Messenger of Allah (PBUH), reported: I met Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) he said: “How are you O Hanzalah?” I said, “Hanzalah has become a hypocrite”. He said, “Far removed is Allah from every imperfection, what are you saying?” I said, “When we are in the company of Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and he reminds us of Hell-fire and Jannah, we feel as if we are seeing them with our very eyes, and when we are away from Messenger of Allah (PBUH), we attend to our wives, our children, our business, most of these things (pertaining to life hereafter) slip out of our minds.” Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) said, “By Allah, I also experience the same thing”. So Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) and I went to Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and I said to him, “O Messenger of Allah (PBUH), Hanzalah has turned hypocrite.” Thereupon Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “What has happened to you?” I said, “O Messenger of Allah, when we are in your company, and are reminded of Hell-fire and Jannah, we feel as if we are seeing them with our own eyes, but when we go away from you and attend to our wives, children and business, much of these things go out of our minds.” Thereupon Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “By Him in Whose Hand is my life if your state of mind remains the same as it is in my presence and you are always busy in remembrance (of Allah), the angels will shake hands with you in your beds and in your roads; but Hanzalah, time should be devoted (to the worldly affairs) and time should be devoted (to prayer)”. He (the Prophet (PBUH)) said this thrice.
[Muslim].

 

Commentary:  This Hadith also tells us about the continence and piety of the Companions of the Prophet (PBUH) with reference to the natural instinct of man to think differently in different situations. This condition has nothing to do with Nifaq (hypocrisy). Islam is the Deen of Fitrah (pure nature) and takes the middle course in everything, and combines the benefits of this world and those of the Hereafter. It also satisfies the needs of the body as well as that of the soul.

  1. Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: While the Prophet (PBUH) was delivering Khutbah (religious talk), he noticed a man who was standing, so he asked about him and was told that he was Abu Israel who had taken a vow to remain standing and not sit, or go into the shade, or speak while observing fasting. Thereupon Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “Tell him to speak, to go into the shade, to sit and to complete his fast”.
[Al-Bukhari].

 

Commentary:

  1. This Hadith makes it abundantly clear that one cannot attain the Pleasure of Allah by means of self-invented methods. It can only be achieved by ways and means prescribed in the Qur’an and Sunnah.
  1. One should never vow for anything which is smeared with sin or which is not permitted by Deen. An instance of this is quoted in the above mentioned Hadith.
  1. The majority of ‘Ulama’ (scholars) who do not think the expiation of such vows necessary, quote this Hadith in support of their view. They argue that the Prophet (PBUH) has not prescribed expiation in such cases as is evident from this Hadith.
REFERENCE:
BOOK: Riyadh ul Saaliheen
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