09. Aini(Saggi) Behan ki wiraasat
Aini Behan ki wiraasat
(الاخت الشقیقة)
A’ini Behan Mayyat ki woh Behan hai jin kay Maan aur Baap aik hi hon.
✦ Aini Behan ki meeraas mein paanch halatein hain:
✯ Pehli haalat: A’ini Behan apnay mutwaffa Bhai ki jaedaad ka Nisf hissa (1/2) lay gi. Jab woh akeeli ho aur Mayyat ki koi aulaad (Beta, Beti, Pota, Poti) mujood nah ho aur nah hi Baap, Daada aur koi A’ini Bhai mujood ho.
• Misaal: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya us nay apni Biwi, A’ini Behan aur Chacha ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Biwi ko (1/4) milay ga Aini Behan (1/2) lay gi aur baqi jaedaad Chacha Bator-e-Asabah lay ga. Asal masla (4) hai Biwi ko (1) mila. Aini Behan ko (2) aur baqi (1) Chacha lay ga.
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4 |
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1/4 |
Biwi |
1 |
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1/2 |
Aini Behan |
2 |
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ع |
Baap |
1 |
✯ Doosri haalat: Behan ko jaedaad ka do tihai hissa (2/3) milay ga. Jab woh aik say zayada hon. Aur un kay hamrah Mayyat ki koi aulaad, Baap, Daada ya A’ini Bhai mujood nah hon.
• Misaal: Aik Shakhs faut ho gaya. Us nay apni Maan, Do Aini Behnein aur Chacha ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Maan ko (1/6) milay ga kiunkeh do Behnein mujood hain, Do behnon ko (2/3) baqi Chacha Bator-e-Asabah lay ga. Asal masla (6) hai Maan (1) lay gi. Do behnon ko (4) har aik ko (2) aur baqi (1) Chacha lay ga.
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6 |
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1/6 |
Maan |
1 |
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2/3 |
A’ini behnayin |
4 |
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ع |
Chacha Ain |
1 |
✯ Teesri haalat: A’ini Behan chahay aik ho ya aik say zayaada hon, Apnay A’ini Bhai ki mujoodgi mein Asabah bil ghair ban kar waaris hui “لِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِ” ki ro say Bhai do hissay lay ga aur Behan aik hissa lay gi. Bashart yeh keh Mayyat ki koi muzakkar aulaad, Baap ya Daada mujood nah hon.
• Misaal: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya us nay apni Biwi A’ini Behan aur A’ini Bhai ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Asal masla (4) hai Biwi (1/4) yani aik hissa lay gi. baqi (3) Bhai aur Behan Bator-e-Asabah lein gay. Bhai ko (2) aur Behan ko (1) milay ga.
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4 |
4 |
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1/4 |
1 Biwi |
1 |
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ع |
3 Aini Behan Ain |
1 |
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ع |
A’ini Bhai Ain |
2 |
✯ Chouthi haalat: A’ini Behan Mayyat ki Beti ya Poti ki mujoodgi mein Asabah ma’al ghair ban kar waaris ho gi bashart yeh keh Mayyat ki muzakkar aulaad Beta, Pota, Baap, Daada aur Aini Bhai mujood nah hon, A’ini Behan chahay aik ho ya aik say zayaada hon.
• Misaal: Aik aurat faut ho gai. Us nay apna Khaawand, Beti aur A’ini Behan ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Is misaal ka asal masla (4) hai. Khawand ko (1/4 ), (1) hissa mila, Beti ko (1/2) yani (2) milay aur baqi (1) Aini Behan Bator-e-Asabah ma’al ghair lay gi.
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4 |
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1/4 |
Khaawand |
1 |
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1/2 |
Beti |
2 |
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ع |
Aini Behan Ain |
1 |
Note: A’ini Behan jab Bator-e-Asabah ma’al ghair waaris banti hai to woh A’ini Bhai kay darja mein ho jati hai. Chunancha woh Al’lati Aini, Al’lati Bhai kay Betay, Chacha aur un kay beton ko wiraasat say mahroom kar deti hai.
• Misaal: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya aur apni Maan, Beti, A’ini Behan aur Al’lati Bhai ko zindah chodha.
Hal:Is ka asal masla (6) hai, Maan ko (1/6) aik hissa mila. Beti ko (1/2), (3) milay. Aur baqi (2) A’ini Behan Bator-e-Asabah lay gi. Aur Al’lati Bhai ko A’ini Behan nay wiraasat say mahroom kar diya.
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6 |
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1/6 |
Maan |
1 |
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1/2 |
Beti |
3 |
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ع |
A’ini Behan Ain |
2 |
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م |
Al’lati Bhai |
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✯ Panchwein haalat: A’ini Behan mandarja zail waarison ki mujoodgi ki wajah say wiraasat say mahroom hogi. Beta, Pota, Baap, Daada.
Note: Daada say mutalliq fuqaha mein ikhtilaaf paaya jata hai. Ahnaaf kay nazdeek Daada sab Bhai behnon ko wiraasat say mahroom kar deta hai. Lekin Imam Maanlik (رحمہ اللہ) aur Imam Ahmed (رحمہ اللہ) kay nazdeek Daada sirf Akhiyaafi Bhai aur Behan ko wiraasat say mahroom karta hai lekin A’ini aur Al’lati Bhai behnein is ki mujoodgi mein waaris hotay hain. Is ki tafseel Daada ki wiraasat kay baab mein bayaan ki jaye gi.
• Misaal 1: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya. Us nay apni Biwi, Beta aur A’ini Behan ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Biwi ko (1/8) milay ga. Aur baqi Beta Bator-e-Asabah lay ga aur A’ini Behan Betay ki wajah say mahroom hai. Asal masla (8) hai, Biwi ko (1) mila, Betay ko baqi (7) hissay milay aur Aini Behan mahroom hai.
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8 |
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1/8 |
Maan |
1 |
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ع |
Beta |
7 |
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م |
Aini Behan |
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• Misaal 2: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya us nay apni Biwi, Baap aur A’ini Behan ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Asal masla (4) hai Biwi ko (1/4), (1) mila. Aur baqi (3) Baap Bator-e-Asabah lay ga. Aur A’ini Behan Baap ki wajah say wiraasat say mahroom hai.
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4 |
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1/4 |
Biwi |
1 |
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ع |
Baap Ain |
3 |
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م |
Baap |
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✦ A’ini Behan ki wiraasat ki daleelayn
▶ Pehli, Doosri, Teesri aur panchwein haalat ki Daleel:
1: يَسۡتَفۡتُونَكَ قُلِ ٱللَّهُ يُفۡتِيڪُمۡ فِى ٱلۡكَلَـٰلَةِۚ إِنِ ٱمۡرُؤٌاْ هَلَكَ لَيۡسَ لَهُ ۥ وَلَدٌ۬ وَلَهُ ۥۤ أُخۡتٌ۬ فَلَهَا نِصۡفُ مَا تَرَكَۚ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَآ إِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّهَا وَلَدٌ۬ۚ فَإِن كَانَتَا ٱثۡنَتَيۡنِ فَلَهُمَا ٱلثُّلُثَانِ مِمَّا تَرَكَۚ وَإِن كَانُوٓاْ إِخۡوَةً۬ رِّجَالاً۬ وَنِسَآءً۬ فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِۗ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَڪُمۡ أَن تَضِلُّواْۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىۡءٍ عَلِيمُۢ
(Sorat-ul-Nisaa: 4/176)
Mazkoorah aayat mein lafz “أُخۡتٌ۬” say murad A’ini aur Al’lati Behan hai kiunkeh baaz haalton mein woh Bator-e-Asabah waaris banti hain. Aur is aayat mein is ka zikar bhi hai kay kab Bator-e-Asabah waaris hongi. lafz “أُخۡتٌ۬” say akhiyafi Behan hargiz muraad nahi. Kiunkeh woh Bator-e-Asabah waaris nahi hoti balkeh woh to Ashaab-ul-Furooz mein say hai. (1/6) aur (1/3) ki waaris hoti hain. Neez is aayat say yeh bhi saabit hota hai keh Baap, Betay aur Potay ki mujoodgi mein A’ini aur Al’lati behnein wiraasat say mahroom ho jati hain.
Aayat mein lafz “وَلَدٌ” say muraad Beta aur Pota hai is say Beti ya Poti muraad nahi hai.
Kiunkeh aayat “وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَآ إِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّهَا وَلَدٌ۬” mein saraahat hai keh “وَلَدٌ” yani Betay ki mujoodgi mein A’ini Bhai, A’ini Behan waaris nahi hotay. Lekin Beti ki mujoodgi mein woh Bator-e-Asabah waaris hotay hain.
2: قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ اشْتَكِيتُ وَعِنْدِي سَبْعَ أخَوَاتِ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَفَخَ فِي وَجْهِي، فَأَفَقْتُ، فَقُلْتُ يَارَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَا أَوْصِنِي لَاخْوَاتِي بِالثَّلِثِ؟ فَقَالَ أَحْسَن قُلْتُ بِالشطر قَالَ أحسن، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ وَتَرَكَنِي، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ وَقَالَ لَا أَرَاكَ تَمُوتُ فِي وَجعكَ هَذَا، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَنْزَلَ فَبَيَّنَ الَّذِي لا خَوَاتِكَ فَجَعَلَ لَهُنَّ الثَّلثَيْنِ،
رواہ ابوداؤد
▶ Chouthi haalat ki Daleel:
Is haalat ki Daleel Hadees-e-Huzail bin Shurhabeel hai jo Poti kay baab mein mazkoor hai jis mein Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Maso’od رضی اللہ عنہ say Beti, Poti aur A’ini Behan ki wiraasat say muta’lliq poocha gaya tha aap nay farmaya:
لإبنته النصف ولإبنة الابن السدس تكملة للثلثين وما بقى فللاخت الشقيقة (رواہ البخاری والترمذی وابن ماجۃ)
REFERENCE:
Book: “Islam Ka Qanoon-e-Warasaat”
By Salah Uddin Haider Lakhwi.