12. Al-Masalat-ul-Mushtarikah
Al-Masalat-ul-Mushtarikah
(المسئلۃ المشترکہ)
Meeraas kay masaail mein kabhi is tarhan bhi hota hai keh Ashaab-ul-Furooz ko un ka hissa dainay kay baad Asabah kay liye koi jaedaad baqi nahi bachti halaankeh woh baaz deegar waarison ki nisbat Mayyat say zayada qareeb hota hai is tarhan ka aik masla Sayyiduna Umar رضی اللہ عنہ kay Ahad-e-Khilafat mein paish aaya. Jab aik aurat faut hogi, Apna Khawand, Maan do Akhiyaafi Bhai aur A’ini Bhai ko zindah chodha. Sayyiduna Umar رضی اللہ عنہ nay Khaawand ko (1/2) diya, Maan ko (1/6), Do Akhiyaafi Bhaiyon ko (1/3) diya aur A’ini Bhai ko Asabah qaraar diya. Asal masla (6) hai Khaawand ko (3) milay, Maan ko (1) aur Akhiyaafi Bhaiyon ko (2) is tarhan A’ini Bhai kay liye kuch baqi nahi bacha jisay woh Bator-e-Asabah leta. Halaankeh woh Akhiyaafi Bhaiyon ki nisbat Mayyat say zayada qareeb hai. Phir aik saal baad isi tarhan ka aik aur masla dar paish aaya. Jis mein A’ini Bhai nay Sayyiduna Umar رضی اللہ عنہ say mutaalba kiya keh meray Akhiyaafi Bhaiyon ki Maan aur meri Maan aik hi to hai lehaaza is natay mujhay bhi kuch nah kuch milna chahiye aur mazeed wazaahat ki. یا أمیر الْمؤْمنین هبْ أن أبانا حجرا ملْقى فی الْیم – ألسْنا أوْلاد أم واحدةٍ – وفی روایۃ – هبْ أن أبانا حمارا “Yani Ameer-ul-Momineen aap tasawwur kar lein keh hamara Baap pathar tha jis ko samandar mein phaink diya gaya ho lekin hamari Maan to aik hi hai. Doosri riwaayat mein aap tasawwur karein hamara Baap gadha tha.”
Sayyiduna Umar رضی اللہ عنہ nay is kay qoul ko durast khayaal kiya. Chunancha unhon nay Sayyiduna Zaid bin Saabit رضی اللہ عنہ aur deegar sahaba say mahswara karnay kay baad is masla ka hal yun farmaaya kay A’ini Bhai aur Akhiyaafi Bhai saaray kay saaray (1/3) mein baraabar kay shareek hon gay. Yani A’ini Bhai Bator-e-Akhiyaafi Bhai shareek howa.
Hal: Asal masla (6) hai Khaawand ko (3) milay, Maan ko (1) mila, Do Akhiyaafi Bhaiyon aur A’ini Bhai ko (2) mili.
|
|
|
6 |
|
1/2 |
Khaawand |
3 |
|
1/6 |
Maan |
1 |
|
1/3 |
2 Akhiyaafi Bhai Aini Bhai |
2 |
Imaam Maanlik aur Imaam Shafi رحمھما اللہ ki bhi yahi raaye hai. Lekin Imaam Ahmed رحمہ اللہ aur Imaam Abo Hanifah رحمہ اللہ kay nazdeek A’ini Bhai chunkeh al-Asabah bin nafsihi hai is kay liye agar kuch nahi bacha to woh mahroom hoga.
Note: Agar A’ini Bhai kay hamrah A’ini Behan bhi mujood ho to woh bhi A’ini aur Akhiyaafi Bhaiyon kay sath baraabar ki hissa daar hogi. Is tarhan Akhiyaafi Behan bhi jumla Bhaiyon kay sath baraabar ki hissa daar hogi.
Shuroot-ul-Maslat-ul-Mushtarkah
Masla-e-Mushtarka mein mandarja zail Shuroot ka paaya jana zaroori hai. Agar un mein say aik shart bhi kam hui to woh Masla-e-Mushtarka nahi hoga.
1: Masla mein Khaawand ka hona zaroori hai agar us ki jagah Biwi ho to phir Masla-e-Mushtarka nahi hoga.
2: Akhiyaafi Bhaiyon aur behnon ki tadaad kam az kam do ho. Agar do say kam hue to Masla-e-Mushtarka nahi hoga.
3: Masla mein A’ini Bhai ka hona zaroori hai. Agar is ki bajaye Mayyat ka Al’lati Bhai ho to Masla-e-Mushtarka nahi hoga. Kiunkeh un ki Maaein alag alag hain. Al’lati Bhai mahroom hoga.
4: Agar A’ini Bhai ki bajaye masla mein A’ini Behan ho to Masla-e-Mushtarka nahi hoga kiunkeh aisi soorat mein A’ini Behan jaedaad mein (1/2) ki waaris hogi. Aur masla mein auwl waaqe hoga.
Is masla ko Masla-e-Mushtarka kay ilaawa Masla-e-Himariya Masla-e-Hijriya aur Masla-e-Yamiyya bhi kaha jata hai.
REFERENCE:
Book: “Islam Ka Qanoon-e-Warasaat”
By Salah Uddin Haider Lakhwi.