11. QANA’AT [Contentment and Self-esteem and avoidance of unnecessary begging of People]
QANA’AT
GIYAARWAN USOOL:
QANA’AT:
Kamyaab-o-khushgawar zindagi ka giyarwaan usool yeh hai keh Allah Ta’aala ne jis kisi ko jitna rizq ata kiya ho, wo uspar qana’at kare, aur har haal mein uska(Allah) ka shukr ada karta rahey, aur barey barey maal daaron ko apney madd-e-nazar rakhney ki bajaey apne se kam maal waaley logo ko apney madd-e-nazar rakhey, Is tarah Allah Ta’aala usay haqeeqi chain-o-sukoon naseeb karega, aur agar wo kisi jismaani bemaari ki wajah sey pareshaan rehta hai tou bhi usay un logon ki tarf dekhna chaheye jo us say ziyada mareez hon aur wo hospitalon mein zair-e-ilaj hon ya apney gharon mein sahab-e-farash hon, jab wo apne se kam maal waalay logon ki halat aur usi tarah apne se burey mareezon ki halat ko dekhain gay tou yaqeenan wo apni halat par Allah Ta’aala ka shukr ada karain gey, Is tarah Allah Ta’aala usay sukoon-e-qalb(Dil) jaisi azeem daulat se nawazey ga, Sahih Muslim, Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah aur Musnad Ahmad mein Rasool Allah(ﷺ) ka irshad hai:
((اُنْظُرُوْا إِلیٰ مَنْ ہُوَ أَسْفَلَ مِنْکُمْ ، وَلَا تَنْظُرُوْا إِلیٰ مَنْ ہُوَ فَوْقَکُمْ، فَإِنَّہٗ أَجْدَرُ أَنْ لاَّ تَزْدَرُوْا نِعْمَۃَ اللّٰہِ))(مسلم۔ الزہد والرقائق:۲۹۶۳وصحیح الجامع:۱۵۰۷)
“Tum us shakhs ki tarf dekho jo (Duniyavi ‘Aitebaar se) tumse kam tar ho, aur us shakhs ki tarf mat dekho jo (Duniyavi ‘Aitebaar se) tumse bara ho, kyun keh is tarha tum Allah Ta’aala ki naimaton ko haqeer nahi samjho gay.”
[Sahih Jamia: 1507]
Is Hadees se maloom hua keh apni nisbat kamtar insaan ki taraf dekhney se insaan Allah ki un naimaton ko haqeer nahi samjhega jo us ne usay a’ta kar rakhi hain, aur un mey se teen naimatein aisi hai keh jo kisi ke paas maujood hon tou usay ye samjhna chaheye keh goya Allah Ta’aala ne uske liye poori duniya jama kardi, aur wo hai:
1. Sahet
2. Aman.
3. Aik din ki ghizaa,
Jaisa keh Sunan Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, Al Adab Al mufrad imaam Bukhari aur Ibn Hibban mein Rasool Allah(ﷺ) ka irshaad hai:
((مَنْ أَصْبَحَ مِنْکُمْ مُعَافیً فِیْ جَسَدِہٖ ، آمِنًا فِیْ سِرْبِہٖ ، عِنْدَہٗ قُوْتُ یَوْمِہٖ ، فَکَأَنَّمَا حِیْزَتْ لَہُ الدُّنْیَابِحَذَافِیْرِھَا))
( الترمذی :۲۳۴۶، ابن ماجہ :۴۱۴۱ ، وحسنہ الألبانی فی صحیح سنن الترمذی وسنن ابن ماجہ والصحیحہ:۲۳۱۸وصحیح الجامع:۶۰۴۲ وقال صحیح لغیرہ فی صحیح الترغیب:۸۲۶)
“Jo shakhs is halat mein subha karey ke wo tandrust ho, Apne dil mein pur aman ho, aur uskey paas aik din ki ghizaa maoujood ho, tou goya uske liye poori duniya ko jama kardiya gaya hai.
[Tirmidhi: 2346; Ibn majah: 6161; Sahih Jamia: 6042]
REFERENCE:
KITAAB: KHUSH GAWAAR ZINDAGI KAY 12 USOOL
MUSANNIF: DR. HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ISHAAQ ZAHED.
Contentment and Self-esteem and avoidance of unnecessary begging of People
Allah, the Exalted, says:
“And no moving (living) creature is there on earth but its provision is due from Allah.” (11:6)
“(Charity is) for Fuqara (the poor), who in Allah’s Cause are restricted (from travel), and cannot move about in the land (for trade or work). The one who knows them not, thinks that they are rich because of their modesty. You may know them by their mark, they do not beg of people at all.” (2:273)
“And those, who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor niggardly, but hold a medium (way) between those (extremes).” (25:67)
“And I (Allah) created not the jinn and mankind except that they should worship Me (Alone). I seek not any provision from them (i.e., provision for themselves or for My creatures) nor do I ask that they should feed Me (i.e., feed themselves or My creatures).” (51:56,57)
522. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Richness is not the abundance of wealth, rather it is self-sufficiency.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
523. `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-as (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Successful is the one who has entered the fold of Islam and is provided with sustenance which is sufficient for his needs, and Allah makes him content with what He has bestowed upon him.”.
[Muslim].
524. Hakim bin Hizam (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I begged Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) and he gave me; I begged him again and he gave me. I begged him again and he gave me and said, “O Hakim, wealth is pleasant and sweet. He who acquires it with self-contentment, it becomes a source of blessing for him; but it is not blessed for him who seeks it out of greed. He is like one who goes on eating but his hunger is not satisfied. The upper hand is better than the lower one.” I said to him, “O Messenger of Allah, by Him Who sent you with the Truth I will not, after you, ask anyone for anything till I leave this world.” So Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) would summon Hakim (May Allah be pleased with him) to give his rations, but he would refuse. Then ‘Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) would call him but he would decline to accept anything. So ‘Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) said addressing Muslims: “O Muslims, I ask you to bear testimony that I offer Hakim his share of the booty that Allah has assigned for him but he refuses my offer.” Thus Hakim did not accept anything from anyone after the death of Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam), till he died.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
525. Abu Burdah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Abu Musa Al-Ash`ari (May Allah be pleased with him) said: “Six of us accompanied Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) in an expedition. We had one camel with us; we rode it in turn. Our feet got injured and my nails also fell out. We wrapped up our feet in rags; and because of this the campaign came to be known as Dhat-ur-Riqa` (the Campaign of Rags).” Abu Burdah (May Allah be pleased with him) says: Abu Musa reported this Hadith but regretted having done so. He said, “Would that I had not mentioned it!” He said so because he disliked to disclose anything concerning his deeds.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
526. `Amr bin Taghlib (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Some booty or prisoners of war were brought to Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) and he distributed them, giving some men and neglecting others. Then, he was informed that those whom he had not given a thing were displeased. On this the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) praised Allah and glorified Him and said, “It is a fact that I give to one and overlook another. The one I ignore is dearer to me than the one I give. I give to those in whose hearts I perceive anxiety; others I leave with the richness and contentment that Allah has put in their hearts. One of them is `Amr bin Taghlib.” Upon this `Amr bin Taghlib said, “By Allah I shall not accept a herd of red camels in exchange for what the Prophet said (about me).”
[Al-Bukhari].
527. Hakim bin Hizam (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “The upper hand is better than the lower one; and begin (charity) with those who are under your care; and the best charity is (the one which is given) out of surplus; and he who wishes to abstain from begging will be protected by Allah; and he who seeks self-sufficiency will be made self-sufficient by Allah.”
[Al-Bukhari].
528. Abu Sufyan (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Do not be importunate in begging. By Allah! If one of you asks me for something and I give it to him unwillingly, there is no blessing in what I give him.”
[Muslim].
529. `Auf bin Malik Al-Ashja`i (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Seven, eight or nine people, including myself, were with Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) on an occasion when he (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) remarked, “Would you pledge allegiance to Messenger of Allah?” As we had taken oath of allegiance shortly before, we said, “We have already done so, O Messenger of Allah.” He again asked, “Would you not pledge allegiance to Messenger of Allah?” So we stretched out our hands and said, “We have already made our pledge with you, O Messenger of Allah, on what should we make a pledge with you?” He said, “To worship Allah and not to associate anything with Him, to perform the five (daily) Salat and to obey.” Then he added in a low tone, “And not to ask people for anything.” Thereafter, I noticed that some of these people who were present did not ask anyone to pick up even the whip for them if it fell from their hands.
[Muslim].
530. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “If one of you would keep begging (of people) until he meets Allah (on the Day of Resurrection) his face will be without a shred of flesh.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
531. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: While Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) was on his pulpit (in the mosque) delivering a Khutbah (religious talk) about Sadaqah (charity) and begging, he said, “The upper hand is better than the lower hand, the upper hand is the one which gives and the lower hand is the begging one.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
532. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “He who begs to increase his riches is in fact asking only for a live coal. It is up to him to decrease it or increase it.”
[Muslim].
533. Samurah bin Jundub (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Begging is a cut that a person inflicts upon his face; except for asking a ruler, or under the stress of circumstances from which there is no escape.”
[At-Tirmidhi].
534. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “He who suffers poverty and seeks relief from people, he will not be relieved; but he who seeks relief from Allah Alone, he will be relieved sooner or later.”
[Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi].
535. Thauban (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “He who guarantees me that he will not beg anything from anyone, I will guarantee him (to enter) Jannah.” I said, “I give you the guarantee.” Then Thauban (May Allah be pleased with him) never begged anything from anyone.
[Abu Dawud].
536. Qabisah bin Al-Mukhariq (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I stood as surety for a debt and came to Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) to seek his help in discharging it. Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Wait till we receive charity and I shall give you out of it.’‘ He (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) added, “O Qabisah, begging is not lawful except for three people. One who has incurred debt (for assuming guarantee), for him begging is permissible till the guarantee is discharged and he should then refrain; a person whose property has been destroyed by a calamity is allowed to beg till he attains self-sufficiency; a person who meets with dire necessity (due to hunger) provided that three men of understanding from his people affirm the genuineness (of his poverty), for him begging is lawful till he attains means of his subsistence. Other than these, O Qabisah, anything received through begging is unlawful, its recipient devours it unlawfully.”
[Muslim].
537. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “A needy person is not the one who goes from door to door, begging and is turned away with a morsel or two or with a date or two. But a needy person is the one who does not have enough to live upon, and neither from his appearance it occurs that he is needy and should be given alms, nor does he himself beg anything from others.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
REFERENCE:
Imam Al-Nawawi’s Riyad-us-Saliheen
Contentment and Self-esteem and avoidance of unnecessary begging of People
گیارہواں اصول : قناعت
کامیاب وخوشگوار زندگی کا گیارہواں اصول یہ ہے کہ اللہ تعالیٰ نے جس کسی کو جتنا رزق عطا کیا ہو ، وہ اس پر قناعت کرے ، اور ہرحال میں اس کا شکر ادا کرتا رہے ، اور بڑے بڑے مالداروں کو اپنے مدِ نظر رکھنے کی بجائے اپنے سے کم مال والے لوگوں کو اپنے مد ِنظر رکھے ، اس طرح اللہ تعالیٰ اسے حقیقی چین وسکون نصیب کرے گا ، اور اگر وہ کسی جسمانی بیماری کی وجہ سے پریشان رہتا ہو تو بھی اسے ان لوگوں کی طرف دیکھنا چاہیئے جو اس سے زیادہ مریض ہوں اور وہ ہسپتالوں میں زیرِ علاج ہوں یا اپنے گھروں میں صاحبِ فراش ہوں، جب وہ اپنے سے کم مال والے لوگوں کی حالت اور اسی طرح اپنے سے بڑے مریضوں کی حالت کو دیکھے گا تو یقینا وہ اپنی حالت پر اللہ تعالیٰ کا شکر ادا کرے گا، اس طرح اللہ تعالیٰ اسے سکونِ قلب جیسی عظیم دولت سے نوازے گا ،صحیح مسلم،ترمذی،ابن ماجہ اور مسند احمد میں رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کا ارشادِ گرامی ہے :
((اُنْظُرُوْا إِلیٰ مَنْ ہُوَ أَسْفَلَ مِنْکُمْ ، وَلَا تَنْظُرُوْا إِلیٰ مَنْ ہُوَ فَوْقَکُمْ، فَإِنَّہٗ أَجْدَرُ أَنْ لاَّ تَزْدَرُوْا نِعْمَۃَ اللّٰہِ))
’’تم اس شخص کی طرف دیکھو جو ( دنیاوی اعتبار سے ) تم سے کم تر ہو ، اور اس شخص کی طرف مت دیکھو جو ( دنیاوی اعتبار سے ) تم سے بڑا ہو ، کیونکہ اس طرح تم اللہ کی نعمتوں کو حقیر نہیں سمجھو گے ‘‘ ۔
(مسلم۔ الزہد والرقائق: ۲۹۶۳وصحیح الجامع:۱۵۰۷)
اس حدیث سے معلوم ہوا کہ اپنی نسبت کم تر انسان کی طرف دیکھنے سے انسان اللہ کی ان نعمتوں کو حقیر نہیں سمجھے گا جو اس نے اسے عطا کررکھی ہیں، اور ان میں سے تین نعمتیں ایسی ہیں کہ جو کسی کے پاس موجود ہوں تو اسے یہ سمجھنا چاہیئے کہ گویا اللہ تعالیٰ نے اس کیلئے پوری دنیا جمع کردی ہے ، اور وہ ہیں : صحت ، امن اور ایک دن کی غذا ، جیسا کہ سنن ترمذی،ابن ماجہ،الادب المفرد امام بخاری اور ابن حبان میں رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کا ارشاد ہے :
((مَنْ أَصْبَحَ مِنْکُمْ مُعَافیً فِیْ جَسَدِہٖ ، آمِنًا فِیْ سِرْبِہٖ ، عِنْدَہٗ قُوْتُ یَوْمِہٖ ، فَکَأَنَّمَا حِیْزَتْ لَہُ الدُّنْیَابِحَذَافِیْرِھَا))
’’ جو شخص اس حالت میں صبح کرے کہ وہ تندرست ہو ، اپنے دل میں پرامن ہو ، اور اس کے پاس ایک دن کی غذا موجود ہو ، تو گویا اس کیلئے پوری دنیا کو جمع کردیا گیا ‘‘ ۔
( الترمذی :۲۳۴۶، ابن ماجہ :۴۱۴۱ ، وحسنہ الألبانی فی صحیح سنن الترمذی وسنن ابن ماجہ والصحیحہ:۲۳۱۸وصحیح الجامع:۶۰۴۲ وقال صحیح لغیرہ فی صحیح الترغیب:۸۲۶)
حوالہ:
کتاب: “خوشگوار زندگی کے ۱۲ اصول”
تالیف: ” ڈاکٹر حافظ محمد اسحاق زاہد (حفظه الله تعالى)”