02. HAZRAT IDRIS ( علیہ السلام ) [Prophet Enoch]
Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام)
Naam-o-Nasab, Jaye Paidaish Aur Quran Majeed Mein Aap Ka Tazkirah
Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) Misar kay Shehr “Minfees” yaani “Manaf” mein peda howe. Log unhain “Harmas-ul-Haramisah” kehte thay. Yeh suryani zuban ka aik lafz hai. Harmoos ka maana hai “Tujruba kaar mazboot raye wala” baaz Ahl-e-Ilm ka khayal hai keh aap Babul shehr mein peda howe, Phir hijrat kar kay Misar pohnchy.
Ilm-e-Ansaab kay aksar ulma kay mutabiq Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) Nabi ( صلی الله علیہ وسلم) kay silsila nasab mein shamil hain. Adam aur shees (علیہ السلام) kay baad sab say pehle inhain nubuwwat ka sharf hasil howa.
Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) ka naam Quran Majeed mein do maqaam par aaya hai. Irshad Baari Taala hai:
وَاِسْمٰعِيْلَ وَاِدْرِيْسَ وَذَا الْكِفْلِ ۭ كُلٌّ مِّنَ الصّٰبِرِيْنَ 85ښوَاَدْخَلْنٰهُمْ فِيْ رَحْمَتِنَا ۭ اِنَّهُمْ مِّنَ الصّٰلِحِيْنَ 86
“Aur (Ae Nabi!) Ismaeel, Idrees aur Zul Kifil ka zikr kijiye. Yeh sab sabir log thay. Hum ne unhain apni rahmat mein dakhil farmaya, Bila shubah yeh nek log thay.” (Al Anbiya: 21/85-86)
Aur dosre maqaam par Allah Taala ne unn ki babat yun farmaya:
وَاذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتٰبِ اِدْرِيْسَ ۡ اِنَّهٗ كَانَ صِدِّيْقًا نَّبِيًّا 56ڎوَّرَفَعْنٰهُ مَكَانًا عَلِيًّا 57
“Is muqaddas kitab (Quran Majeed ) mein Idrees ka zikr kijiye. Bila shubah woh bhi nihayat sachy Nabi thay aur hum ne unko unchi jaga utha liya tha.” (Maryam: 19/56-57)
Is Ayat-e-Mubaraka mein Allah Taala ne Idrees (علیہ السلام) ki tareef karte howe unhain Nabi aur raast baaz qarar diya hai.
Allah Taala kay farman: وَّرَفَعْنٰهُ مَكَانًا عَلِيًّا “Aur hum ne un ko unchi jaga utha liya tha”. Wazahat sahiheen mein mazkoor me’raaj ki ahadith say hoti hai jis mein bayan howa hai keh chothy aasman par un say Rasoolullah (صلی الله علیہ وسلم) ki mulaqaat howi thi.” (Sahih Bukhari Al Salah Baab-o-Kaifa Furazat-e-Al Salato Fil Israa, Hadith: 349, Sahih Muslim Al Iman Baab-ul-Isra Bi Rasool Allah…., Hadith: 164)
Imam Ibn-e-Jareer (رحمہ اللہ) ne Hilal Bin Yusaaf se bayan kiya hai, Unhonn ne farmaya: “Hazrat Abdullah Bin Abbas (رضی اللہ عنھ ) ne meri mojodigi mein Ka’ab Ahbaar say farmaya: Idrees (علیہ السلام) kay bare mein Allah kay is farman وَّرَفَعْنٰهُ مَكَانًا عَلِيًّا ka kiya matlab hai? “Aur hum ne un ko unchi jaga utha liya tha.”
Ka’ab ne farmaya: “Allah Taala ne Idress (علیہ السلام) ki tarf wahi nazil farmayi: “Mein aap kay aa’maal mein rozana tamam Bani Adam kay aa’maal kay barabar izafa kar doon ga.
Is say galiban un kay zamane kay tamam insaano kay aa’maal kay barabar sawab murad hai. Un kay dil mein khuwahish peda howi keh un ki nekiyun mein buht izafa ho jaye. Un kay paas un ka aik dost farishta aaya. Unhon ne us say kaha: “Mere bare mein mout kay farishty say baat kijiye takeh (mjhe zayada mohlat mile aur) Mein zayada nekiyaan kar sakoon. Farishty ne unhain apne paron mein chupa liya aur unhain le kar Aasman par chala gaya. Chothy Aasman par ueey Malak-ul-Mout upar say aate howe mile. Us ne Malak-ul-Mout say is bare mein baat ki jo Idrees (علیہ السلام) ne kahi thi. Malak-ul-Mout ne farmaya: Idrees (علیہ السلام) hain kahan? Us ne kaha woh meri peeth par hain. Malak-ul-Mout ne kaha: “Ta’jub hai! Mjhe bheja gaya tha aur hukum howa tha: “Idrees (علیہ السلام) ki rooh chothy Aasman par qabz karo” Mein (dil mein) keh raha tha: “woh to zameen par hain, Mein un ki rooh chothy par kese qabz karoon?” Chunancha unhon ne wahan un ki rooh qabz ki. Allah Taala kay is irshad mein isi taraf isharah hai: وَّرَفَعْنٰهُ مَكَانًا عَلِيًّا “Hum ne use aik buland maqaam par uthaya”. Tafseer Tibiri: 9/121, Tafseer Surah Maryam Ayat: 56)
Doran-e-Me’raj Nabi ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) aur Idrees ( علیہ السلام ) ki mulaqat:
Hazrat Abdullah Bin Mas’ood aur Abdullah Bin Abbas ( رضی اللہ عنھما ) say marwi keh Ilyas aur Idrees (علیہ السلام ) aik hi shaksiyat kay do naam hain. (Sahih Bukhari, Ahadith-ul-Anbiya, Baab-o-وان الیاس لمن المرسلین۔۔۔۔۔۔الخ, Qabl-al-Hadith: 3342) Is ski taeed mein Hazrat Anas (رضی اللہ عنھا ) say marwi me’raj ki Hadith pesh ki jati hai jiss mein mazkoor hai keh jab Nabi ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) un kay paas say guzre unhon ne Aap ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) ka istiqbal karte howe farmaya tha: “Naik bhai aur naik Nabi ko khush aamdeed” Jabkeh Hazrat Adam aur Hazrat Ibrahim (علیھما السلام ) ne farmaya tha: “Naik nabi aur naik bete ko khush aamdeed” ( Sahih Bukhari, Ahadith-ul-Anbiya, Baab-o-Zikr Idrees علیہ السلام.الخ, Hadith: 3342) Agar Idrees (علیہ السلام ) aap kay ajdaad mein say hote to woh un dono ki tarah aap ko ( beta) kehte.
Laikn yeh istidlal aesa nahi, Jis ka jawab nah diya ja sake kiyu keh ho sakta hai keh Rawi ko alfaz achi tarah yaad nah rahy hoon aur yeh bhi ho sakta hai keh Kasar-e-Nafsi karte howe khud ko baap ki bajaye bhai kaha ho. Adam (علیہ السلام) to tamam insaano kay baap hain is liye un ka Nabi ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) ko beta kehna hi munasib tha aur Ibrahim ( علیہ السلام) Allah kay Khaleel hain, Jo Uol-ul-Azam pagambaron mein Nabi Akram ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) kay baad sab say buland martaba rakhte hain. In sab Hazraat par Durood-o-Salam nazil ho.
Qalam kay Mojid
Imam Ibn-e-Ishaq (رحمہ اللہ ) ne zikr kiya hai kay Idrees (علیہ السلام ) hi ne sab say pehly Qalam sey likha. Un ki pedaish kay waqt Adam (علیہ السلام ) zinda thay aur Adam (علیہ السلام) ki wafat kay waqt un ki umar teen so aath (308) saal thi. (Al Bidaya wal Nihaya: 1/92)
REFERENCE:
Book: “Qisas ul Anbiya” (Urdu)
By Hafiz Ibn Kaseer Rahimahullah.
Prophet Idris (Enoch)
Name, Lineage, Birthplace, and Mention in the Quran
Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) was born in the Egyptian city of “Minfees,” also known as “Manaf.” People called him “Harmas-ul-Haramisah,” which is a word from the Syriac language. “Harmoos” means “a person with strong opinions and experience.” Some scholars believe that he was born in the Babylonia area and later migrated to Egypt.
According to most scholars of genealogy, Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) is included in the lineage of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). After Adam (علیہ السلام) and Shees (علیہ السلام), he was the first to be honored with prophethood.
Hazrat Idrees’s name appears twice in the Quran. Allah says:
- In Surah Al-Anbiya (21:85-86):
“And [mention] Isma’il, Idris, and Dhul-Kifl; all were of the patient. And We admitted them into Our mercy. Indeed, they were of the righteous.” (Al-Anbiya: 21/85-86)
- In Surah Maryam (19:56-57):
“And mention in the Book Idris. Indeed, he was a man of truth and a prophet. And We raised him to a high position.” (Maryam: 19/56-57)
In this verse, Allah praises Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام), declaring him as a truthful Prophet and raising him to a high position.
Allah’s statement: “And We raised him to a high position” refers to the event of Mi’raj (ascension), where Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) met Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) during the Night Journey. (Sahih Bukhari, Al-Salah, Chapter on the Ascension of Prayer in Isra, Hadith 349; Sahih Muslim, Al-Iman, Chapter on the Ascension of the Prophet, Hadith 164).
Imam Ibn Jarir (رحمہ اللہ) narrated from Hilal Bin Yusaaf, who reported that Hazrat Abdullah Bin Abbas (رضی اللہ عنہ) explained the meaning of the verse وَّرَفَعْنٰهُ مَكَانًا عَلِيًّا (“And We raised him to a high position”). Ka’ab Ahbaar explained that the meaning was that Allah revealed to Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام): “I will add the deeds of all of mankind to your good deeds every day.”
This likely refers to the reward equal to the good deeds of all the people of his time. Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) desired to increase his good deeds, so he requested from the angel of death to give him more time to do good. The angel of death took him to the fourth heaven, where he met the Angel of Death. He asked, “Where is Idrees?” The angel replied, “He is on my back.” The Angel of Death expressed surprise, as he had been commanded to take Idrees’s soul in the fourth heaven, though he thought he was still on earth. Thus, Allah took his soul in the fourth heaven, as indicated by the verse: وَّرَفَعْنٰهُ مَكَانًا عَلِيًّا (“We raised him to a high position”).
(Tafseer al-Tabari: 9/121, Tafseer Surah Maryam, Ayah 56)
The Meeting of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) and Idrees (علیہ السلام) During Mi’raj:
It is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah Bin Mas’ood and Abdullah Bin Abbas (رضی اللہ عنہما) that Ilyas and Idrees (علیہ السلام) are two names for the same person. (Sahih Bukhari, Ahadith-ul-Anbiya, Chapter on “And Ilyas is among the messengers…” Hadith: 3342) This is supported by a narration from Hazrat Anas (رضی اللہ عنہا) regarding the Hadith of Mi’raj.
Regarding the Encounter with Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)
It is mentioned that when Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) passed by Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام), he welcomed him by saying: “Welcome, good brother and good prophet.” Whereas Hazrat Adam and Hazrat Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) had said: “Welcome, good prophet and good son.” (Sahih Bukhari, Ahadith-ul-Anbiya, Chapter on Mentioning Idrees (علیہ السلام), Hadith: 3342). If Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) had been from your ancestors, he would have called you (ﷺ) “son” like the others.
However, this argument is not something that can be answered easily, as it may be possible that the narrator did not remember the words clearly, or it could be that, out of humility, he referred to himself as a brother instead of a father. Adam (علیہ السلام) is the father of all humans, so it was appropriate for him to refer to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) as a son.
Similarly, Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) is the close friend (Khaleel) of Allah, and he holds the highest rank after Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) among the Ulul Azm (the five most determined prophets). May blessings and peace be upon all these great prophets.
The Honor of Writing with a Pen
Imam Ibn-e-Ishaq (رحمہ اللہ) mentioned that Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) was the first to write with a pen. He was born while Adam (علیہ السلام) was still alive, and when Adam (علیہ السلام) passed away, Hazrat Idrees (علیہ السلام) was 308 years old. (Al-Bidaya wa’l-Nihaya: 1/92)
REFERENCE:
Book: “Stories Of the Prophets”
By Al-Imam Ibn Katheer.