25. HAZRAT SHAMWIL( علیہ السلام ) [Prophet Samuel]
Hazrat Shamweel علیہ السلام
Naam-o-Nasab Aur Be-Asat
Ap ka nasab nama youn hai: Shamweel Bin Bali Bin Alqamah Bin Yarkham Bin Alyehwa Bin Tehaw Bin Soaf Bin Alqamah Bin Mahis Bin Amosa Bin Azriya.
Hazrat Muqatil farmate hein Ap Hazrat Haroon علیہ السلام ke wursa’a men se thay. Hazrat Sudi رحمہ اللہ farmate hein keh jab Ghazzah aur Asqalaan ke Amaliqa Bani Israil par ghalib aa gaye to unhon ne be’shamar Israiliyon ko qatal kiya aur aik bahut badi ta’adad ko ghulam bana liya. Lawi ke khandan se nubuwwat ka silsila khatam ho gaya aur us ki aulad mein siraf aik hamila khatoon baqi reh gaien. Us ne Allah se dua ki keh woh usay beta ata farmaye. Allah T’aala ne usay beta ata kiya to us ne bete ka nam Sham’oon (Shamweel) rakha. Ibrani zuban mein is ka ma’ani hai: Ismail, ya’ani Allah ne meri dua sun li.
Jab yeh bacha kuch bada huwa to us ne bache ko masjid bheja aur usay aik naik bazurag ke hawale kar diya takeh woh ibaadat aur bhalai ki baten seekhe. Bacha jawan hone tak usi bazurag ke pas raha. Aik rat woh soya huwa tha keh masjid ke aik kone se aawaz aai to woh ghabra kar uth betha aur usay aise laga jaise us ke ustad mohtaram ne bulaya hai. Us ne ustad mohtaram se poocha: Kaya ap ne mujhe bulaya hai? Ustad ne shagirad ko preshan dekha to kaha: Han, So jao. To woh so gaya phir usay dobara seh bara aawaz aai to kaya dekhta hai keh Jibrail علیہ السلام usay bula rahe hein. Woh us ke pas aaye aur kaha: Allah T’aala ne Ap ko Ap ki qoam ki taraf mab’oos farmaya hai, (Tafseer Al-Tabri: 2/810 Tafseer Soorat-ul-Baqarah, Aayat: 246) Lihaza Ap qoam ki taraf gaye aur woh waqia paish aaya jo Allah T’aala ne Quraan Majeed mein bayan kiya hai. Irshad-e-Bari T’aala hai:
اَلَمْ تَرَ اِلَى الْمَلَاِ مِنْۢ بَنِىْٓ اِسْرَاۗءِ يْلَ مِنْۢ بَعْدِ مُوْسٰى ۘ اِذْ قَالُوْا لِنَبِىٍّ لَّهُمُ ابْعَثْ لَنَا مَلِكًا نُّقَاتِلْ فِيْ سَبِيْلِ اللّٰهِ ۭقَالَ ھَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ اِنْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ اَلَّا تُقَاتِلُوْا ۭ قَالُوْا وَمَا لَنَآ اَلَّا نُقَاتِلَ فِيْ سَبِيْلِ اللّٰهِ وَقَدْ اُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا وَاَبْنَاۗىِٕنَا ۭ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالُ تَوَلَّوْا اِلَّا قَلِيْلًا مِّنْهُمْ ۭ وَاللّٰهُ عَلِيْمٌۢ بِالظّٰلِمِيْنَ ٢٤٦ وَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طَالُوْتَ مَلِكًا ۭ قَالُوْٓا اَنّٰى يَكُوْنُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنَا وَنَحْنُ اَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِّنَ الْمَالِ ۭ قَالَ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ اصْطَفٰىهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَزَادَهٗ بَسْطَةً فِي الْعِلْمِ وَالْجِسْمِ ۭ وَاللّٰهُ يُؤْتِيْ مُلْكَهٗ مَنْ يَّشَاۗءُ ۭ وَاللّٰهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيْمٌ ٢٤٧ وَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ اِنَّ اٰيَةَ مُلْكِهٖٓ اَنْ يَّاْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوْتُ فِيْهِ سَكِيْنَةٌ مِّنْ رَّبِّكُمْ وَبَقِيَّةٌ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ اٰلُ مُوْسٰى وَاٰلُ ھٰرُوْنَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلٰۗىِٕكَةُ ۭ اِنَّ فِيْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيَةً لَّكُمْ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُّؤْمِنِيْنَ ٢٤٨ۧ فَلَمَّا فَصَلَ طَالُوْتُ بِالْجُنُوْدِ ۙ قَالَ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ مُبْتَلِيْكُمْ بِنَهَرٍ ۚ فَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّىْ ۚ وَمَنْ لَّمْ يَطْعَمْهُ فَاِنَّهٗ مِنِّىْٓ اِلَّا مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةًۢ بِيَدِهٖ ۚ فَشَرِبُوْا مِنْهُ اِلَّا قَلِيْلًا مِّنْهُمْ ۭ فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَهٗ ھُوَ وَالَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْا مَعَهٗ ۙ قَالُوْا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجَالُوْتَ وَجُنُوْدِهٖ ۭ قَالَ الَّذِيْنَ يَظُنُّوْنَ اَنَّهُمْ مُّلٰقُوااللّٰهِ ۙ كَمْ مِّنْ فِئَةٍ قَلِيْلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيْرَةًۢ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰهِ ۭ وَاللّٰهُ مَعَ الصّٰبِرِيْنَ ٢٤٩ وَلَمَّا بَرَزُوْا لِجَالُوْتَ وَجُنُوْدِهٖ قَالُوْا رَبَّنَآ اَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًا وَّثَبِّتْ اَقْدَامَنَا وَانْصُرْنَا عَلَي الْقَوْمِ الْكٰفِرِيْنَ ٢٥٠ۭ فَهَزَمُوْھُمْ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰهِ ڐ وَقَتَلَ دَاوٗدُ جَالُوْتَ وَاٰتٰىهُ اللّٰهُ الْمُلْكَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَعَلَّمَهٗ مِمَّا يَشَاۗءُ ۭ وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ ۙ لَّفَسَدَتِ الْاَرْضُ وَلٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ ذُوْ فَضْلٍ عَلَي الْعٰلَمِيْنَ ٢٥١
“Bhala tum ne Bani Israil ki aik jama’at ko nahin dekha jis ne Moosa ke ba’ad apne Peghambar se kaha keh ap hamare liye aik badshah muqarrar kar den takeh ham Allah ki rah mein jihad karen. Peghambar ne kaha keh agar tum ko jihad ka hukam diya jaye to ajab nahin keh ladne se pehlu tahi karo? Woh kehne lage keh ham Allah ki rah mein kiyou na laden gay jab keh ham watan se (kharij) aur bal bachon se juda kar diye gaye hein. Lekin jab unko jihad ka hukam diya gaya to chand ashkhaas ke siwa sab phir gaye aur Allah zalimon se khoob waqif hai. Aur Peghambar ne un se (yeh bhi) kaha keh Allah ne tum par Taloot ko badshah muqarrar kiya hai. Woh bole keh usay ham par badshahi ka haq kiyoun kar ho sakta hai? Badshahi ke mustahiq to ham hein aur us ke pas to zayada dolat bhi nahin. Peghambar ne kaha keh Allah ne usi ko tum par (fazilat di hai aur badshahi k liye) muntakhib farmaya hai, Us ne usay ilam bhi bahut bakhsha hai jisam bhi (bada ata kiya hai) aur Allah (ko ikhtiyar hai) jise chahe badshahi bakhshe. Aur Allah T’aala bada kashaish wala aur dana hai. Aur Peghambar ne un se kaha keh un ki badshahi ki nishani yeh hai keh tumhare pas aik sandooq aaye ga jis ko farishte uthaye huay hon gay. Us mein tumhare Parwardigaar ki taraf se tasalli ( bakhashne wali cheez) ho gi aur kuch aur cheezen bhi hon gi jo Moosa aur Haroon chod gaye thay. Agar tum iman rakhte ho to yeh tumhare liye aik badi nishani hai. Gharz jab Taloot foajen le kar rawana huwa to us ne (un se) kaha keh Allah aik dariya se tumhari aazmaish karne wala hai. Jo shakhas us mein se pani pi le ga to (us ki nisbat tasawwur kiya jaye ga keh) woh mera nahin aur jo na piye ga to ( samjha jaye ga keh) woh mera hai. Han agar koi hath se chulu bhar pani le le ( to khair hai. Jab woh log dariya par pohanche) to chand shakhson ke siwa sab ne pani pi liya. Phir jab Taloot aur Momin log jo us ke sath dariya ke paar gaye kehne lage keh aj ham mein Jaloot aur us ke lashkar ka muqabila karne ki taaqat nahin. Jo log yaqeen rakhte thay keh un ko Allah ke samne hazir hona hai woh kehne lage keh basa uqaat thori si jama’at ne Allah ke hukam se badi jama’at par fatah hsil ki hai aur Allah istiqlaal rakhne walon ke sath hai. Aur jab woh log Jaloot aur us ke lashkar ke muqable mein aaye to (Allah se) dua ki keh Aye Parwardigaar! Ham par sabar ke dahane khol de aur hamein (ladai) mein saabit qadam rakh aur (lashkar) kuffaar par fatah yaab kar. Phir Taloot ko qoam ne Allah ke hukam se us ko hazeemat di aur Dawood ne Jaloot ko qatal kar dala aur Allah ne us ko badshahi aur danaai bakhshi aur jo kuch chaha sikhaya. Aur Allah logon ko aik doosre (par chadhai aur hamla karne) se hatata na rehta to Nizam-e-Kaainat darham barham ho jata lekin Allah Ahal-e-Aalam par bada meharban hai.” (Al-Baqarah: 2/246-251)
Aksar mufassireen bayan karte hein keh in aayat mein jis Nabi ka tazkirah hai woh Hazrat Shamweel علیہ السلام hein. Ba’az ki raaye mein woh Hazrat Sham’oon علیہ السلام thay. Ba’az ne kaha hai keh Woh Hazrat Yousha علیہ السلام thay lekin yeh durust nahin kiyoun keh Ibn-e-Jareer رحمہ اللہ ke qoal ke mutabiq Shamweel علیہ السلام ki be’asat Hazrat Yousha’a علیہ السلام ki wafaat se char so sath saal ba’ad hui thi.
Bani Israil Ki Khawahish-e-Jihad Aur Un Ki Aazmaish
Bani Israil ko taweel arsa tak Jang-o-Jadal mein mashghool rehna pada aur dushman un par ghalib aa gaye. Tab unhon ne apne zamane ke nabi se darkhawasat ki keh un ke liye aik badshah muqarrar kiya jaye ta keh woh us ki qiyaadat mein mutt’hid ho kar jang kar saken. Lekin Shamweel علیہ السلام un ki kamzoriyon se waqif thay. Is liye farmaya: ھَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ اِنْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ اَلَّا تُقَاتِلُوْا ” Mumkin hai jihaad faraz ho jane ke ba’ad tum jihad na karo?” Unhon ne kaha: وَمَا لَنَآ اَلَّا نُقَاتِلَ فِيْ سَبِيْلِ اللّٰهِ وَقَدْ اُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا وَاَبْنَاۗىِٕنَا ” Bhala ham Allah ki rah mein jihad kiyoun na karen gay? Ham to apne gharon se ujade gaye hein aur bachon se door kar diye gaye hein.” Ya’ani ham par zulam kiya gaya hai, Hamein apne biwi bachon se door kar diya gaya hai, Phir ham apni auraton aur bachon ko aazad karane ke liye dushmanon se kiyoun na laden gay?
Irshad-e-Bari T’aala hai: فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالُ تَوَلَّوْا اِلَّا قَلِيْلًا مِّنْهُمْ ۭ وَاللّٰهُ عَلِيْمٌۢ بِالظّٰلِمِيْنَ ٢٤٦ ” Phir jab un par jihad faraz huwa to siwaye thode se logon ke sab phir gaye aur Allah T’aala zalimon ko khoob janta hai” Qissa ke aakhir mein wazaahat hai keh bahut kam log dariya ke paar utar kar jang ke irade par qaaim reh sake. Baqi sab ne jihad se inkar kar diya.
Unhein un ke Nabi ne farmaya: اِنَّ اللّٰهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طَالُوْتَ مَلِكًا “Allah T’aala ne Taloot ko tumhara badshah bana diya hai.” Hafiz Ibn-e-Asaakir ne Taloot ka nasab youn bayan kiya hai: Taloot (Shawal) Bin Imaal Bin Zaraar Bin Yahrab Bin Afeeh Bin Asan Bin Binyameen Bin Ya’aqoob Bin Is’haq Bin Ibraheem علیہم السلام un ka pesha Saqqa ya dibaaghat ka tha is liye woh kehne lage: اَنّٰى يَكُوْنُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنَا وَنَحْنُ اَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِّنَ الْمَالِ “Bhala us ki ham par hukoomat kaise ho sakti hai? Us se to bahut zayada haq daar badshahat ke ham hein. Usay to mali kushadgi bhi nahin di gai.”
Allah Ki Taraf Se Badshah Ka Taqarrur:
Kehte hein is se pehle Nubuwwat Bani Lawi aur badshahat Bani Yahooda mein thi. Taloot Binyameen mein se thay. Is liye Bani Yahooda ne is pa na pasandeedagi ka izhar kiya aur kaha keh badshahat par hamara haq zayada hai. Unhon ne yeh aitraz bhi kiya keh yeh shakhas muflis aur be zar hai, Aisa shakhas kis tarah badshah ban sakta hai?
Shamweel علیہ السلام ne farmaya: اِنَّ اللّٰهَ اصْطَفٰىهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَزَادَهٗ بَسْطَةً فِي الْعِلْمِ وَالْجِسْمِ “Allah T’aala ne usay tum par bur’gazeedah kiya hai aur usay ilmi aur jismani bartari ata farmai hai.”Ya’ani aisi wajeeh shakhsiyat ata ki hai keh Bani Israil mein us jaisa koi nahin. Woh Qad-o-Qaamat aur zahiri Shakal-o-Soorat mein bhi sab se badh kar thay aur Aqal-o-Faham mein bhi. Un ke Nabi ne un se kaha: اِنَّ اٰيَةَ مُلْكِهٖٓ اَنْ يَّاْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوْتُ فِيْهِ سَكِيْنَةٌ مِّنْ رَّبِّكُمْ وَبَقِيَّةٌ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ اٰلُ مُوْسٰى وَاٰلُ ھٰرُوْنَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلٰۗىِٕكَةُ ۭ اِنَّ فِيْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيَةً لَّكُمْ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُّؤْمِنِيْنَ ٢٤٨ۧ ” Us ki badshahat (Min Jani billah hone ) ki nishani yeh hai keh tumhare pas woh sandooq aa jaye ga jis mein tumhare Rabb ki taraf se taskeen hai aur Aal-e-Moosa aur Aal-e-Haroon ka baqiya tarka hai, Farishte usay utha kar laein gay. Yaqinan yeh tumhare liye khuli daleel hai agar tum imandaar ho.”
Bani Israil ne Falasteen ke Amaliqa se jang ki aur shikasat khai. “Taboot-e-Sakeena” Jise Maidan-e-Jang mein is liye laya Jata tha keh is ki barkat se dushman par fatah hasil ho, Us ko dushmanon ne cheen liya. Is aayat mein yeh zikar hai keh Allah T’aala ne un se wa’ada kiya aur Taloot ki naamzadgi Allah ki taraf se hone ki yeh alaamat bayan farmai keh woh sandooq jise “Taboot-e-Sakina” (Itminan-e-Qalab wala sandooq) kehte thay, Tumhein wapis mil jaye ga
Us sandooq mein aise kon se tabarrukaat thay jo un ke liye Ba’is-e-Sakeenat thay? Is ke bare mein mukhtalif aqwaal zikar kiye gaye hein:
v Aik qoal ke mutabiq sone ka thaal tha jis se Anbiya-e-Kiraam علیہم السلام ke seenon ko ghusal diya gaya tha.
v Aik qoal ke mutabiq yeh aik qisam ki hawa thi.
v Aik qoal ke mutabiq aik billi ki soorat thi. Jang ke dauran mein us se aane wali aawaz fatah ki bashaarat samjhi jati thi. “Aal-e-Moosa aur Aal-e-Haroon ka baqiya tarkah” bhi us sandooq mein tha.
v Aik qoal ke mutabiq us mein tooti hui aasmani takhtiyon ke tukde aur thoda sa mann tha, jo Maidan-e-Teeh mein un par nazil hota raha tha.
Shamweel علیہ السلام ne Taboot-e-Sakina ke mut’aliq apni qoam se farmaya tha: تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلٰۗىِٕكَةُ ” Farishte usay utha kar layen gay.” Ya’ani tumhari nazron ke samne farishte usay utha laeyn gay takeh Qudrat-e-Ilahi ki aik nishani ho aur yeh sabit ho jaye keh badshah ki yeh naamzadgi waqai Allah ki taraf se thi. Is liye farmaya: اِنَّ فِيْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيَةً لَّكُمْ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُّؤْمِنِيْنَ “Yaqinan yeh tumhare liye khuli daleel hai agar tum imandaar ho.”
Jab Amaaliqah is sandooq ko tabarrukaat samet le gaye aur is pa qabiz ho gaye to apne shehar mein le ja kar usay aik but ke niche rakh diya. Subah ko dekha to sandooq but ka sar par tha. Unhon ne phir niche rakh diya. Agle din woh phir but ke sar par tha. Kai bar aisa hone par unhein yaqeen ho gaya keh yeh Soorat-e-Hal Allah ki taraf se hai. Unhon ne sandooq ko shehar se nikaal kar kisi gaon min bhej diya, To un ki gardanon mein bimari lag gai. Jab yeh bimari taweel ho gai to unhon ne taboot ko aik bael gadi mein rakh kar baelon ko haank diya. Farishte unhein haank kar Bani Israil mein le aaye. Is tarah Nabi ki batai hui bat lafaz ba’ lafaz poori ho gai. Baibal mein bhi waqa’ay ki tafseel isi tarah bayan ki gai hai aur bahut se mufassireen ne bhi yahi bat likhi hai. Lekin aayat se ba’zahir yeh maloom hota hai keh farishte khud utha kar laye thay. (واللہ اعلم)
Jab Taloot lashkaron ko le kar nikle to kaha: اِنَّ اللّٰهَ مُبْتَلِيْكُمْ بِنَهَرٍ ۚ فَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّىْ ۚ وَمَنْ لَّمْ يَطْعَمْهُ فَاِنَّهٗ مِنِّىْٓ اِلَّا مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةًۢ بِيَدِهٖ ” Suno! Allah tumhein aik dariya se aazmane wala hai. Jis ne us se pani pi liya woh mera nahin hai aur jo usay na chakhe woh mera hai. Han ye ( ijaazat ) hai kh apne hath se aik chulu bhar le.” (Al-Baqarah: 2/249)
Hazrat Abdullah Bin Abbas رضی اللہ عنہ aur bahut se mufassireen is aayat ki tafseer k baabat bayan karte hein keh aayat mein mazkoor dariya se murad Dariya-e-Urdan hai. Taloot aur us ki foajon ka waqia Allah ke Nabi ke hukam se yahin paish aaya. Unhon ne Allah ke hukam se foajiyon ki aazmaish ke liye yeh hukam diya tha keh jo shakhas is dariya ka pani piye ga, Woh is jang mein mere sath nahin jaye ga. Mere sath wahi chal sakta hai jo aik hath se chullu bhar pani se zayada na piye. Lekin huwa yeh keh فَشَرِبُوْا مِنْهُ اِلَّا قَلِيْلًا مِّنْهُم “Siwaye chand ke baqi sab ne woh pani pi liya.”
Hazrat Bara’a Bin Aazib se riwaayat hai keh Sahaba kiraam رضی اللہ عنہم zikar kiya karte thay keh Ghazwa-e-Badar mein utne Sahaba رضی اللہ عنہم shareek thay jitne Taloot ke (mukhlis) sath thay, Jinhon ne un ke hamrah dariya paar kiya aur un ki ta’adaad teen so afraad se kuch zayada thi. (Sahih Al-bukhari, Al-Mughazi, Baab-o-Iddati Ashab-e-Badar, Hadees: 3957, 3958.)
Irshad-e-Bari T’aala hai: فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَهٗ ھُوَ وَالَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْا مَعَهٗ ۙ قَالُوْا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجَالُوْتَ وَجُنُوْدِهٖ ” Taloot Momineen samet jab dariya se guzar gaye to woh log kehne lage: Aj to ham mein taaqat nahin keh Jaloot aur us ke lashkaron se ladein.” Unhein apni ta’adaad kam dekh kar aur dushmanon ki ta’adaad zayada dekh kar ahsas huwa keh ham qaleel aur kamzor hone ki wajah se dushman ka muqabila nahin kar saken gay. Lekn Allah T’aala ki mulaqaat par yaqeen rakhne walon ne kaha: كَمْ مِّنْ فِئَةٍ قَلِيْلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيْرَةًۢ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰهِ ۭ وَاللّٰهُ مَعَ الصّٰبِرِيْنَ ” Basa uqaat choti aur thodi si jama’aten bhi badi aur bahut si jama’aton par Allah ke hukam se ghalba pa leti hein. Allah T’aala sabar walon ke sath hai.” Ya’ani iman aur yaqeen rakhne wale bahaduron aur shehsawaron ne unhein hosla diya aur jang mein kood padne ki targheeb di. Jab un ka Jaloot aur un ke lashkar se muqabila huwa to unhon ne dua mangi: رَبَّنَآ اَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًا وَّثَبِّتْ اَقْدَامَنَا وَانْصُرْنَا عَلَي الْقَوْمِ الْكٰفِرِيْنَ ” Aye hamare Parwardigaar! Hamein sabar de, Sabit qadam rakh aur kuffaar ke muqabile mein hamari madad farma.” Mominon ne apne Nabi ke sath dushmanon ka muqabila karne ke liye paish qadmi shuru kar di. Jab dushman se saamna huwa to Allah T’aala se madad mangi . Unhon ne dua mangi keh dushman ke muqabile mein sabit qadam reh sakein aur jang mein un kafiron par fatah hasil ho jo Allah ki aayaat ka inkar karte aur us ki ne’amaton ki na shukri karte hein. Azmat-o-Qudrat ke Maalik ne, Jo sun’ne wala, Dekhne wala aur har shaye ki khabar rakhne wala hai, Dua qabool ki. فَهَزَمُوْھُمْ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰهِ ” Chunanchah Allah T’aala ke hukam se unhon ne Jalitiyon ko shikasat de di.” Ya’ani yeh shikasat Mominon ki taaqat aur ta’adaad ki wajah se nahin balkeh Allah ki tufeeq aur Mashiyat-e-Ilahi se hui kiyounkeh dushmanon ki ta’adaad to zayada thi. Nabi Kareem صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم aur Sahaba Kiraam رضی اللہ عنہم ko bhi Ghazwa-e-Badar mein aisi hi mo’ajizana fatah hasil hui thi. Jaise Allah T’aala ka irshad hai:
وَلَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ اللّٰهُ بِبَدْرٍ وَّاَنْتُمْ اَذِلَّةٌ ۚ فَاتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُوْنَ
“Jang-e-Badar mein Allah T’aala ne ain us waqat tumhari madad farmai jabkeh tum nihaayat pasat haalat mein thay, Is liye Allah hi se daro (kisi aur se nahin ) takeh tumhein shukar guzari ki tufeeq ho.” (Aal-e-Imran: 3/123)
Irshad-e-Bari T’aala hai:
وَقَتَلَ دَاوٗدُ جَالُوْتَ وَاٰتٰىهُ اللّٰهُ الْمُلْكَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَعَلَّمَهٗ مِمَّا يَشَاۗءُ ۭ وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ ۙ لَّفَسَدَتِ الْاَرْضُ وَلٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ ذُوْ فَضْلٍ عَلَي الْعٰلَمِيْنَ ٢٥١
“Aur Hazrat Dawood ke haton Jaloot qatal huwa aur Allah T’aala na Dawood ko Mamlikat-o-Hikmat aur jitna kuch chaha ilm bhi ata farmaya. Agar Allah T’aala ba’az logon ko ba’az se daf’aa na karta to zameen mein fasaad phel jata, Lekin Allah T’aala duniya walon par bada Fazal-o-Karam karne wala hai.”
Is se ma’aloom huwa keh Hazrat Dawood علیہ السلام bahut bahadur thay. Jaloot ke qatal se us ke lashkar ko shikasat hui aur kufar ka zor toot gaya aur Ahal-e-Iman ko ghalba hasil ho gaya.
REFERENCE:
Book: “Qasas ul Anbiya” (Urdu)
By Hafiz Ibn Kaseer Rahimahullah.
Prophet Shammil (Samuel)
The State of the Israelites After Joshua
Ibn Jarir reported that the condition of the Israelites deteriorated. They committed many sins and killed whom they wished of the prophets. Consequently Allah sent them tyrannous king who ill-treated them and spilled their blood, and set their enemies from outside against them as well. They used to go war, taking with them The Ark of the Covenant. They did this so that they would be victorious by its blessings, and it became a symbol of calm and a relic left behind by Moses’s people. When they went to war with the people of Gaza and Askalon, they were defeated because the Ark of the Covenant was captured from them. When the king of the Israelites heard of this he died on the spot.
The children of Israel remained like sheep without a shepherd until Almighty Allah sent them a prophet named Samuel (Shammil) (pbuh). They asked him to appoint a king over them to lead in a war against their enemies.
The Ark of the Covenant
According to Ibn ‘Asaker, the Israelites believed their Ark of the Covenant to be very holy and an important symbol of their history. The carried the Ark even in battle and believed that, because of it, Allah would protect them from their enemies. This belief gave them peace of mind and great courage, and their enemies were terrified by it. Their enemies also believed that it was given special power by Allah. Gradually the Israelites started to ignore Allah’s law; evil habits became part of their lives. Allah sent upon them an enemy, the Philistines, who defeated the Israelites, captured their Ark, drove them out of their homes, and took away their children to use or sell as slaves. Their power was broken. They separated from one another and were very disheartened.
Samuel Comes to the Israelites
Then came Prophet Samuel (pbuh) among them to bring some relief. They asked the prophet’s help in appointing a strong leader, a king under whose banner they could unite and fight the Philistines. Prophet Samuel (pbuh), knowing their weakness, told them: “I fear that when the time comes to fight you may refuse.” But they assured him that they had suffered enough insults and were now ready to fight in the way of Allah, even if they lost their lives.
Prophet Samuel prayed to Allah for guidance. Allah revealed to him that He had chosen one, Saul (Talut), to be their king. The prophet wanted to know how to recognize the future king. He was told that Saul would come to him by himself and that they should then hand over the control of kingdom to him, for he would lead them in battle against the Philistines.
Saul is Appointed King
Saul was tall and sturdy, pious, and very intelligent. He lived and worked with his father on their farm. One day, several of their donkeys were lost. Accompanied by his servant, Saul went in search of them. They traveled for many days and were very tired. Saul said to his servant: “Let us rather go back, for I am sure that my father will be worried by now, and the other animals must also be cared for.” His servant suggested that as they were already in the land of Samuel the prophet, they should go to him to inquire about the lost donkeys. Saul agreed, and they carried on. On their way, they asked directions from some maidens carrying water. They were told to go in the direction of the mountain. Here, a vast crowd was waiting for the Prophet Samuel. When Saul set eyes on him, he instantly recognized him as a prophet by his holy men. Samuel also recognized Saul as the king that Allah had chosen for them. Saul greeted the prophet respectfully. When he asked about his missing donkeys, Samuel told him not to worry, his donkeys were already on their way to his fat’s farm.
He then told Saul that Allah had chosen him as the king of the children of Israel. His duty would be to take charge of their affairs, to unite them under one banner, and to protect them from their enemies. If he carried out Allah’s commands, he would be given victory. Saul was surprised by this sudden honor offered to him. It was also a heavy responsibility. He protested to the prophet that he was a of the children of Benjamin, the least famous of the tribes of Jacob; he did not know anything of leadership or kingship and had no wealth. Samuel told him that it was the will of Allah that he should be the king, that he should thank Allah for His favor and be strong in faith.
Saul is Appointed King – Quranic
Taking Saul by the hand, Samuel led him to the children of Israel, but they insisted on a direct sign from Allah. Prophet Samuel told them to go outside the city to see the sign, which they did. Almighty Allah revealed:
“Have you not thought about the group of children of Israel after (the time of) Moses? When they said to a Prophet of theirs: “Appoint for us a king and we will fight in Allah’s Way.”
He said: “Would you then refrain from fighting. if fighting was prescribed for you?”
They said: “Why should we not fight in Allah’s Way while we have been driven out of our homes and our children (families have been taken as captives)?”
But when fighting was ordered for them, they turned away, all except a few of them. And Allah is All-Aware of the Zalimeen (polytheists, and wrongdoers).
And their Prophet (Samuel) said to them: “Indeed Allah has appointed Saul as a king over you.” They said: “How can he be a king over us when we are better fitted than him for the kingdom, and he has not been given enough wealth.”
He said: “Verily. Allah has chosen him above you and has increased him abundantly in knowledge and stature. And Allah grants His Kingdom to whom He wills. And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures’ needs, All-Knower.”
And their Prophet (Samuel) said to them:
“Have you not thought about the group of the Children of Israel after (the time of) Mus (Moses)? When they said to a Prophet of theirs. “Appoint for us a king and we will fight in Allah’s Way.” He said, “Would you then refrain from fighting, if fighting was prescribed for you?” They said, “Why should we not fight in Allah’s Way while we have been driven out of our homes and our children (families have been taken as captives)?” But when fighting was ordered for them, they turned away, all except a few of them. And Allah is All-Aware of the ZÂlimÜn (polytheists and wrong-doers).
And their Prophet (Samuel) said to them, “Indeed AllAh has appointed TalUt (Saul) as a king over you.” They said, “How can he be a king over us when we are better fitted than him for the kingdom, and he has not been given enough wealth.” He said: “Verily, AllAh has chosen him above you and has increased him abundantly in knowledge and stature. And Allah grants His Kingdom to whom He wills. And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures’ needs, All-Knower.” And their Prophet (Samuel) said to them: Verily! The sign of His Kingdom is that there shall come to you At-TabUt (a wooden box), wherein is Sakinah (peace and reassurance) from your Lord and a remnant of that which Mus (Moses) and HÁrÜn (Aaron) left behind, carried by the angels. Verily, in this is a sign for you if you are indeed believers.”
(Ch. 2: 246-250)
Saul Leads an Army – Quranic
Then when Saul set out with the army, he said:”Verily! Allah will try you by a river. So whoever drinks thereof, he is not of me, and whoever tastes it not, he is of me, except him who takes thereof in the hollow of his hand.”
Yet, they drank thereof, all, except a few of them. So when he had crossed it (the river), he and those who believed with him, they said: “We have no power on this day against Goliath and his hosts,”
But those who knew with certainty that they were to meet their Lord, said: “How often a small group overcame a mighty host by Allah’s Leave?”
And Allah is with the patient. And when they advanced to meet Goliath and his forces, they invoked:
“Then when Talut (Saul) set out with the army, he said: “Verily! Allah will try you by a river. So whoever drinks thereof, he is not of me, and whoever tastes it not, he is of me, except him who takes (thereof) in the hollow of his hand.” Yet, they drank thereof, all, except a few of them. So when he had crossed it (the river), he and those who believed with him, they said: “We have no power this day against Jal Ut (Goliath) and his hosts.” But those who knew with certainty that they were to meet their Lord, said: “How often a small group overcame a mighty host by Allah’s Leave?” And Allah is with As-Sabirin (the patient ones, etc.).
And when they advanced to meet Jalut (Goliath) and his forces, they invoked: “Our Lord! Pour forth on us patience and make us victorious over the disbelieving people.”
Saul Leads an Army
Saul set about organizing his army with strong faith and wisdom. He ordered that only men free from responsibilities should join. Those engaged in building homes, men who were about to be married and those occupied with business should not join.
After establishing a well-trained army, he decided to put them to the test. He told them that along the route they would pass a river where they should drink enough water to quench their thirst but not more than that. To his disappointment, he discovered the majority of them drank more water than they should have. He discharged them for disobedience and kept only the few who had obeyed him, as they were the ones who proved their sincerity. This resulted in a split in the army, but he was not bothered. He believed in quality and not numbers; better a small band of true believers he could rely on than a huge army of unreliable men.
Saul’s Army Sees the Enemy
Saul’s men sighted the enemy on the other side of the river. Their opponents appeared physically strong and were armed with better weapons. They were led by the mighty warrior Goliath (Galut), known for his huge build and brute strength. A great number of Saul’s men ran away on seeing this strong force. The small band that remained was willing to fight, whatever the outcome, for they had heard that there had been many incidents in the past in which Allah had caused a small force to defeat a larger one.
REFERENCE:
Book: “Stories Of the Prophets”
By Al-Imam Ibn Katheer.