06. Ghazwah-e-Fatah Makkah
Ghazwah-e-Fatah Makkah
Jab sulah Hudaybiya tay paa gai to Banu Khiza’ah Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ke haleef ban gaye aur Banu Bakar Quraish ke saath mil gaye. Banu Bakar ke aik aadmi ne Banu Khiza’ah ke aik aadmi ko qatal kar diya. Us ke nateejay mein donon qabeelon ke darmiyaan jung bhadak uthi. Quraish ne asleha ke saath Banu Bakar ki madad ki balkay raat ke andheray mein Quraish ke kuch log Banu Bakar ke saath mil kar ladaai mein shareek bhi hoye. Is tarah unhon ne sulah Hudaybiya ke mu’aahida ki khilaaf warzi ki. Banu Khiza’ah ka aik aadmi Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ke paas madad ka mutaalba le kar aaya. Aap ne logon ko tayaari ka hukum diya aur ai’laan farma diya keh hum Makkah jaaein ge aur d’ua farmaai:
“Aey Allah! Quraish ke jassuson ko qaaboo kar le taake hum Makkah waalon ko achaanak ja lein.”
Logon ne bhar poor tayaari shuru’ kar di. Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne Makkah Mukarramah jaane ka ai’laan farmaaya to Syedna Hatib bin Abbi Bilt’ah (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne Quraish ko aik khat likha, aik ‘aurat ke supurd kiya aur ujrat day kar usay tayyaar kiya keh usay Quraish tak pohancha de. Us ne woh khat apne sir ki mendhiyon mein goondh liya aur le kar chal padi. Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ko ba zariy’a wahi ittila’ ho gai. Aap ne Syedna ‘Ali bin Abbi Taalib aur Zubair bin ‘Awam (رضی اللہ عنہھما) ko peechay bheja aur farmaaya:
“Jaao us ‘aurat ko pakad laao, us ke paas Hatib ki taraf se Quraish ke naam aik khat hai jis mein hamaari tayaari ke mut’aliq un ko khabar daar kiya gaya hai.”
Woh donon sar patt ghoday dodaatay hue gaye aur usay “Roza-e-Khaakh” maqaam par ja liya. Usay sawaari se utaar kar samaan ki talashi li magar kuch na mila. Syedna ‘Ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) farmaanay lage:
“Allah ki qasam! Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ghalat nahi keh satke aur na hum jhoot bol rahay hain. Is liye tu khat nikaal day warna hum tairay kapday utaar kar talaashi lein ge.”
Jab us ne khatrah dekha to us ne kaha:
Apna chehra doosri taraf karo jab Hazrat ‘Ali ne apna chehra doosri taraf kiya to us ne mendhiyaan khol kar khat pakda diya. Woh khat le kar Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ke paas aaye. Aap ne Hatib (رضی اللہ عنہ) ko bulaa kar farmaaya:
“Hatib! aisa kyun kiya?
Unhon ne kaha:
“Allah ke Rasool! yaqeen kiijiye main Allah Ta’ala aur Us ke Rasool (ﷺ) par pukhta imaan rakhta hoon. Allah ki qasam! na main ne ‘aqeedah badla hai na deen. Baat yeh hai ke main Quraish ke kisi qabeela se nahi lekin mere biwi bachay wahaan reh rahay hain. Main ne sirf un ke bachaao ke liye mushrikeen par yeh ahsaan kiya tha.”
‘Umar bin Khitaab (رضی اللہ عنہ) farmaanay lage:
“Aey Allah ke Rasool! mujhe ijaazat dejiye main is munaafiq ki gardan utaar doon.”
Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne farmaaya:
وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدِ اطَّلَعَ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ: اعْمَلُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ فَقَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَكُمْ
“(‘Umar!) tujhe kya ‘Ilm? umeed hai keh Allah Ta’ala ne Badriyon se keh diya hai: “jo marzi mein aaye, karo Main tumhein m’aaf kar chuka hoon.” 1⃣
[Sahih Bukhari, Hadees: 3007, Seerat Ibn Hisham: 41/1]
Rasool Allah (ﷺ) das (10) ramazaan al mubaarak ko Madinah Munawwara se rawaana hoye. Quraish ko Rasool Allah (ﷺ) aur lashkar ki rawaangi ka kuch pata nahi tha kyunkay Aap Quraish se khabron ki naaka bandi kar chuke thay. Itafaaqan aik raat Abu Sufyan, Hakeem bin Hazaam aur Budail bin Warqa kisi khabar ki talaash mein Makkah se baahar aaye. Idhar Nabi kareem (ﷺ) ke chaacha ‘Abbas (رضی اللہ عنہ) Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ke safaid Khachar par sawaar phir rahay thay keh koi shakhs mile to usay Makkah waalon ke paas bhejein keh Rasool Allah (ﷺ) tashreef laa chuke hain lihaaza woh aa kar amaan haasil kar lein.
Itafaaqan un ko Abu Sufyan mil gaye to unhein qaail kiya keh mere saath sawaar ho kar Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ke paas jaaein aur Makkah waalon ke liye amaan haasil kar lein. Woh un ke saath gaye to Aap (ﷺ) ne Islam ki peshkash ki. Abu Sufyan Musalmaan ho gaye. Syedna ‘Abbas (رضی اللہ عنہ) kehne lage:
“Allah ke Rasool! Abu Sufyan sardaar shakhs hai. Fakhr ka khuwaahish mand hai. Lihaaza usay kuch imtiyaaz ‘ataa farmaaein.”
Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne farmaaya:
نَعَمْ مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَا مِنْ وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ مِنْ وَمَنْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَا مِنْ
“Theek hai jo shakhs Abu Sufyan ke ghar mein daakhil ho jaaye usay amaan haasil hogi. Jo apna darwaaza band kar ke ghar baith jaaye, usay bhi amaan haasil hogi. Jo Baytullah mein chala jaaye, usay bhi kuch nahi kaha jaaye ga.” 1⃣
[Seerat Ibn Hisham: 86/4]
Jab Nabi Akram (ﷺ) Zutawa mein daakhil hoye to Aap ne fatah mandi ke ahsaan ka shukar ada karte hoye Allah Ta’ala ke saamnay apna sir jhukaaya hua tha hatta keh Aap ki daadhi mubaarak ke baal paalan ki lakdi ko lag rahay thay.
✿ Lashkar ka Makkah Mukarramah mein daakhla
Lashkar-e-Islaam ka har dasta Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ki hidaayat ke mutaabiq paish qadmi kar raha tha. Koi muzaahmat nahi ho rahi thi. Sirf Makkah Mukarramah ki nashebi jaanib mein Banu Bakar aur habshiyon ke kuch logon ne Khalid (رضی اللہ عنہ) ke dastay ko roknay ki koshish ki magar woh jald hi shikast kha gaye. Safwan bin Umayya, ‘Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl aur Suhail bin ‘Umro ne bhi Khnandama ke ‘ilaaqay mein kuch log ladaai ke liye jama’ kar rakhay thay. Jab Khalid bin Waleed (رضی اللہ عنہ) apne dasta samait pahonche to unhon ne bhi thodi bohat muzaahmat ki. Un mein se taqreeban baara terah aadmi maaray gaye to woh bhaag khaday hue.
Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne daston ke ameer muqarrar farmaatay waqt unhein taakeed farmaai thi keh Makkah Mukarramah mein daakhla ke waqt kisi ko qatal na karein illa yeh keh koi in se ladaai laday. Albatta Aap ne chand ashkhaas ka naam le kar un ke qatal ka hukum diya tha, khuwaah woh Baytullah ke pardon ke peechay chhupay hue kyun na mil jaaein. Un ke naam yeh thay:
‘Abdullah bin Sa’ad bin Abbi Sarah. ‘Abdullah bin Khatal aur us ki do gaanay waali londiyaan. Huwairas bin Nuqaid. Miqyas bin Subabah. ‘Ikrimah bin Abbi Jahl aur Banu ‘Abdul Muttalib ki aik londi Saarah.
Magar in mein se sirf ‘Abdullah bin Khatal, Miqyas bin Subaabah aur Ibn Khatal ki aik londi qatal kar diye gaye baaqi ne m’aafi maang li aur Aap ne unhein m’aaf farma diya.
Rasool Allah (ﷺ) jumma’a tul mubaarak ba taarikh 19 ramazaan al mubaarak 8 h ko Azaakhir maqaam se Makkah Mukarramah mein daakhil hue. Yeh “Taareekh al Qudus” mein ‘Alimi ka qoul hai. Albatta Faasi ki “Tuhfat ul Kiraam Bi Akhbaar Balaadi Lillah Haraam” mein Waaqidi ke hawaala se likha hai keh “Rasool Allah ﷺ jumm’ay al mubaarak ko Makkah Mukarramah mein tashreef farma hue jabkay ramazaan al mubaarak ke 10 das din baaqi thay.”
Nabi (ﷺ) ke liye maqaam-e-Abtah mein khusoosi khaima laga diya gaya tha. Aap apni Ountni Qaswa par sawaar daakhil hue to Aap ke aik taraf Abu Bakar (رضی اللہ عنہ) thay aur doosri taraf Asayed bin Huzair (رضی اللہ عنہ).
Aap apne khaima mein farokash hue. Ibn ‘Umar (رضی اللہ عنہ) farmaatay hain:
“Rasool Allah (ﷺ) Makkah Mukarramah mein daakhil hue to dekha keh mushrikeen ki ‘aurtain ghodon ke cheharon se apne dupatton ke saath gard wa ghubhaar jhaad rahi theen. Abu Bakar (رضی اللہ عنہ) muskuraaye. Aap (ﷺ) ne farmaaya:
Abu Bakar! Hassaan ne kaisay kaha tha? Abu Bakar (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne Hassaan bin Saabit (رضی اللہ عنہ) ke yeh sha’ir padhay:
عدمْت بنیتی إنْ لمْ تروْها
تثیر النفْع منْ كنفى كداء
ینارعْن الْآعنة مسْرجات
یلْحمهن بالْخمر النسا
“Meri beti mar jaaye agar tum hamaaray ghodon ko Kadaa maqaam ke donon kinaaron par gard wa gubhaar udaatay na dekho. Woh apne sawaaron se baagein chhuda chhuda kar bhaagein ge. Un par kaathiyaan padi hon gi aur ‘aurtain apne dupatton ke saath un ke cheharon se gard wa ghubhaar jhaadein gi.”
Aap ne farmaaya:
“Ghodon ko wahin se daakhil karo jahaan Hassaan ne zikar kiya hai. (Ya’ni Kadaa se) 1⃣
[Minaahul Karam: 485,486/1]
Jab logon mein itminaan hua to Aap apni Ountani par sawaar ho kar Baytullah tashreef laaye aur sawaari hi par saat chakkar lagaaye. Jab bhi hijr-e-Aswad ke paas se guzarte apni chhadi ke saath usay chhoo letay. Us waqt Ka’aba ke ird gird teen so saath buut thay. Jinhein seesay
جَآءَ الۡحَـقُّ وَزَهَقَ الۡبَاطِلُؕ اِنَّ الۡبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوۡقًا ۞
(Al-Israa: 81)
ke saath nasb kiya gaya tha. Aap unhein apni chhadi se maartay aur farmaatay thay:
جَآءَ الۡحَـقُّ وَزَهَقَ الۡبَاطِلُؕ اِنَّ الۡبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوۡقًا ۞
“Haaq aa gaya aur baatil mit gaya baatil to mitne hi waala hai.”
Buut chehray ke bal girtay ja rahay thay. Syedna Jaabir (رضی اللہ عنہ) bayaan karte hain:
“Hum Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ke saath Makkah Mukarramah mein daakhil hue. Us waqt Baytullah ke aas paas teen so saath buut thay jin ki pooja ki jaati thi. Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ke hukum se un sab ko moun ke bal gira diya gaya. Phir Aap ne yeh Aayat padhi:
جَآءَ الۡحَـقُّ وَزَهَقَ الۡبَاطِلُؕ اِنَّ الۡبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوۡقًا ۞
Sahih Bukhari mein hai keh Janaab Rasool Allah (ﷺ) Makkah mein tashreef laaye to Aap ne buton ki mojoodgi mein Ka’aba mein daakhil honay se inkaar kar diya. Aap ke hukum se un ko nikaal diya gaya. Jab Syedna Ibrahim wa Isma’il (علیہ السلام) ke buut nikaalay gaye to un ke haathon mein teer pakdaaye hue thay. Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaaya:
“Allah Ta’ala un mushrikon par la’anat farmaaye, Allah ki qasam! unhein ‘Ilm hai keh un donon shaksiyaat ne kabhi teeron ke saath qismat aazmai nahi ki.”
phir Aap Bayet Ullah mein daakhil hue aur konon mein khaday ho kar takbeerein padhte rahay. Lekin aap ne is mein Namaaz ada nahi farmaai. 1⃣ Jab ke sahih baat yahi hai keh Aap ne is mein Namaaz ada farmaai thi jaisa keh Syedna ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar (رضی اللہ عنہ) se marwi Hadees mein hai. 2⃣
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1. Sahih Bukhari, Hadees: 1601. 2. Sahih Bukhari, Hadees: 1599. |
Phir jab Nabi (ﷺ) ne Ka’aba mein Namaaz ada farmaai, Baytullah mein chakkar laga liya, us ke konon mein takbeeraat padh leen aur na’ara-e-Tawheed buland farma diya to Baytullah ka darwaaza khulnay par Aap ne dekha keh Masjid Quraish se bhar chuki thi, jo safon mein baithy is intzaar mein thay keh Aap un se kya sulook farmaatay hain? Aap ne Baytullah ke darwaazay ke donon baazuwon ko pakad kar irshad farmaaya:
“Allah ke siwa koi sacha Ma’bood nahi, Woh yaktaa hai, koi is ka shareek nahi. Us ne apna wa’da poora kiya. Apne bande ki madad farmaai. Aur akaile ne sab lashkaron ko shikast di. Khabardaar! har qisam ka fakhar, maali aur imtiyaaz jin ke da’away kiye jaatay hain, aaj Mere un paaon tale hain siwaaye Baytullah ki khidmat aur haajiyon ko paani pilaanay ki khidmat ke. Khabardaar! agar kisi ko koday ya laathi ke saath ghalti se maar diya jaaye to qaatil par sakht diyat laago hogi ya’ni so Ount jin mein chaalees Ountniyaan haamla bhi hon gi.
يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اِنَّا خَلَقۡنٰكُمۡ مِّنۡ ذَكَرٍ وَّاُنۡثٰى وَجَعَلۡنٰكُمۡ شُعُوۡبًا وَّقَبَآئِلَ لِتَعَارَفُوۡا ؕ اِنَّ اَكۡرَمَكُمۡ عِنۡدَ اللّٰهِ اَ تۡقٰٮكُمۡ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَلِيۡمٌ خَبِيۡرٌ ۞
(Al-Hujraat: 13)
Aey Quraish! Allah Ta’ala ne tumhaara jaahili takkabur aur aabaai fakhar khatam kar diya. Sab log Aadam (علیہ السلام) ki aulaad hain aur Syedna Aadam (علیہ السلام) matti se banay thay.”
Phir Aap ne yeh Aayat tilaawat farmaai:
يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اِنَّا خَلَقۡنٰكُمۡ مِّنۡ ذَكَرٍ وَّاُنۡثٰى وَجَعَلۡنٰكُمۡ شُعُوۡبًا وَّقَبَآئِلَ لِتَعَارَفُوۡا ؕ اِنَّ اَكۡرَمَكُمۡ عِنۡدَ اللّٰهِ اَ تۡقٰٮكُمۡ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَلِيۡمٌ خَبِيۡرٌ ۞
“Aey logo! hum ne tum ko aik mard aur aik ‘aurat se paida kiya. Phir hum ne tumhein qabeelon aur qaumon mein baant diya taake tum aik dusray ko pehchaan sako. Tum mein sab se ziyaada m’uaziz woh hai jo Allah Ta’ala se ziyaada darta hai. Bilaa shuba Allah Ta’ala ‘Aleem wa Khabir hai.” 1⃣
[Al-Hujraat: 13]
Phir farmaaya:
“Aey Quraish! tum kya samajhte ho keh main tum se kaisa sulook karoon ga?”
Woh kehnay lage:
“Yaqeenan Aap achha sulook karein ge kyunkay Aap shareef bhai hain aur shareef bhaai ke betay hain.”
Aap ne farmaaya:
Main tumhein wohi alfaaz kehta hoon jo Syedna Yousuf (علیہ السلام) ne apne bhaaiyon se farmaaye thay:
لا تشْریب علیْكم الْیوْم
إذْهبوا فأنْتم الطلقاء
“Aaj tumhein koi malaamat na hogi”
“Jaao tum sab aazaad ho.”
Phir Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne Ka’aba ki chaabi ‘Usmaan bin Talha ko waapas kar di, jo pehlay Aap ne un se mangwa li thi.
*Logon ka Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ki bae’it karna:*
Fatah ke ba’ad log Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ki bae’it karne lage. Rasool Allah (ﷺ) “Qaran Masqala” 1⃣ maqaam par baith gaye. Chhote baday, mard ‘aurtain sab Aap ke haath par imaan aur is baat ki gawaahi keh Allah Ta’ala ke siwa koi bhi ‘Ibaadat ke laaiq nahi hai, ki bae’it kar rahay thay. Nabi kareem (ﷺ) mardon ki bae’it lainay se faarigh hoye to ‘aurton se (zubaani) bae’it lainay lage. Aap Safa pahaadi par thay aur Syedna ‘Umar (رضی اللہ عنہ) Aap se neechay baithy thay. Unhon ne Aap ki taraf se ‘aurton se bae’it li. Bae’it ke alfaaz yeh thay:
“Hum Allah Ta’ala ke saath kisi ko bhi shareek nahi thehraaein gi. Chori nahi karein gi. Zina nahi karein gi. Apne bachon ko qatal nahi karein gi. Kisi par jhoota bohtaan nahi baandhein gi aur kisi achay kaam mein Aap ki na farmaani nahi karein gi.”
[1. Qaran Masqala jagah ka naam hai. Masqala aik shakhs ka naam tha, jo daur-e-jaahliat mein yahaan sukoonat pazeer tha]
✿ Makkah Mukarramah mein Aap ka qiyaam aur ba’az ahem a’amaal:
Nabi kareem (ﷺ) Makkah Mukarramah mein 19 din thehray. Is poori muddat mein Aap Namaaz qasar hi ada farmaatay rahay. Jis jagah Aap ka khaima nasb tha usay “Shi’b Abi Talib” kaha jaata hai. Un dinon mein Aap ne bohat se umoor sar anjaam diye. Kuch ka zikar to ho chuka hai, Maslan:
Ka’aba ke aas paas se buton ki shikast wa reekht, Baytullah ke andar Namaaz ka ada karna, Baytullah ke andar bani hui tasweeron ka azaala Banu Shaiba ka Khudaam-e-Ka’aba ke tor par taqarrur, Banu ‘Abdul Muttalib ko siqaaya (Hajjaaj ki khidmat) ki tafweez waghera. Mazeed yeh bhi hai keh Aap ne Syedna Bilal (رضی اللہ عنہ) ko hukum diya keh Ka’aba ke oopar chadh kar azaan kahein ba’az sarkash murtaddin ka khoon mubaah farmaaya. Mardon aur ‘aurton se bae’it
- Syedna Abu Asayed Khiz’aai (رضی اللہ عنہ) ko hukum diya keh Haram ki burjiyon ki tajdeed karein. Aur da’wat-e-Islaam ke liye kai lashkar bheje kyunkay Aap ko ma’loom tha keh fatah Makkah ki wajah se bohat se dushman Islaam qubool karne ko tayyaar hain. Buut todnay ke liye bhi dastay bheje. Syedna Khalid (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne Makkah ke qareeb maqaam “Nakhla” ke buut “‘Uzza” ko paash paash kiya. Us waqt ramazaan al mubaarak 8 h ke paanch din baaqi thay. ‘Uzza Quraish aur Banu Kinaanah ka khaas buut tha aur usay sab se bada buut shumaar kiya jaata tha. Neez Aap (ﷺ) ne Syedna ‘Umaro bin ‘Aas (رضی اللہ عنہ) ko bheja unhon ne Banu Huzail ka buut “Sawaa'” rezah rezah kiya. Isi tarah Syedna Sa’ad bin Zaid Ashali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ko bheja, unhon ne “Manaat” naami buut ko toda. Yeh sab umoor ramazaan al mubaarak 8 h hi mein sar anjaam paaye.
REFERENCE: Muratib Karda : Shoba Tahqeeq-o-Taleef Darussalam.
Nazar-e-Saani: Moulana Safir ur Rahman Mubarak puri.