01. Madinah Munawwarah;Taareekh aur naam
Madinah Munawwarah…Taareekh aur naam
“Yasrab” ki bunyad:
Tamam Arabi muarikheen is baat par muttafiq hain keh “Yasrab ” darasal Syedna Nooh (اﻟﺳﻼم ﻋﻠﯾہ) ki nasal mein se aik admi ka naam tha jis ne is shehar ki bunyad rakhi. Us ke naam par is shehar ka naam bhi “Yasrab ” pad gaya.
Yeh shehar basanay ki zaroorat kyun padi?…Aik riwayat ke mutabiq. Tufaan-e-Nooh ke baad Syedna Nooh (اﻟﺳﻼم ﻋﻠﯾہ) ke betay jis ilaqa mein thehray woh ilaqa ahista ahista un ki rihaish ke liye tang ho gaya to un mein se bohat se log kisi nai jagah ki talaash mein maghrib ki taraf chal pade jahan woh itminan se zindagi guzar sakein. Un mein se aik qabeela “Ubail” is ilaqa mein pohancha jahan baad mein Yasrab abad hua. Is ilaqa ka wafir pani is ke darakht aur wase patharelay maidan jo is ki hifazat ka qudrati zariya thay un ko bohat bhaye is liye woh yahin farokash ho gaye.
*Yasrab ke ibtidai rihaishi*
Yasrab ke ibtidai bashinday teen baday baday qabelay thay 1⃣ Amaliq:
Rajeh riwayat ke mutabiq unheen logon ne Yasrab ki bunyad rakhi kyun kay Yasrab jis ke naam par is shehar ka naam “Yasrab” pada, ka qabeela “Ubail ” Amaliq mein se tha. Ehl-e-qabela ke naam hi se wazeh hota hai keh woh azeem qad kath ke malik thay. Yeh log
“Amliq bin Laawaz bin Saam bin Nooh” ki nasal se thay, pehlay woh Baabul ke ‘ilaaqa mein rehtay thay phir woh Jazeera-e-‘Arab ke mukhtalif ‘ilaaqon mein bikhar gaye un mein se kuch Yasrab ke ‘ilaaqa mein jaaguzin hue. Yeh baat shak-o-shuba se baala hai keh woh ‘Arab thay aur ‘Allama Tabari ke nazdeek un ke jadd-e-amjad “Amliq” ‘arabi zubaan ke baani thay.
2⃣ Yahud:
Jab Musalmaanon ne Yasrab ki taraf hijrat ki to wahaan kai yahudi qabaail aabaad thay aur is baat par bhi muarikheen muttafiq hain keh Yasrab ke aksar yahudi Palestine se hijrat kar ke aanay waalon ki nasal se thay. Un mein se kuch log Bakht Nasar ke hamla ke ba’ad bhaag kar aaye thay, Bakht Nasar ne yuhood ki hukoomat par hamla kar ke be shumaar yahudi qatal kiye aur bohat sown ko qaid kiya, yeh 586 (qaaf meem) ki baat hai. Phir 70ٕ aur 132 ٕ mein Romiyon ne un ko tashadud ka nishaana banaaya to baaqi log bhi
Palestine se hijrat kar gaye. Un mein se kisi mauq’a par yeh log Yasrab mein farokash hue. ‘Ilaaqa-e-Yasrab mein pohanchnay waalay awwaaleen qabaail Banu Quraiza, Banu Nadir aur Banu Yahdil thay. Phir un ke baad aur qabaail bhi aatay gaye.
3⃣ Aws aur Khazraj:
Yeh do qahtaani qabeeley thay jo “Sad maarib” ki tabaahi ke baad Yaman se hijrat kar ke Yasrab mein pohanche. Un qabeelon ki yahaan rihaaish se Yasrab ki taareekh par bohat gehra asar pada. Raajeh baat yeh hai keh yeh donon qabeeley teesri saddi ‘eiswsi mein Yasrab pohanche.
*Madinah Munawwara ke naam*
Madinat ul Rasul (ﷺ) ke bohat se naam hain. Naamon ki is kasrat se Madinah ki ‘azmat ka pata chalta hai un mein se baaz naam zail mein darj kiye jaatay hain.
1⃣ Al-Madinah:
Yeh is shehar ka sab se mashhoor naam hai. Kyun kay Janaab-e-Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne yahaan hijrat farmaai hatta keh yahin madfoon hue.
2⃣ Taabah:
Madinah ko “Taabah” bhi kaha jaata hai. Janaab-e-Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Allah Taala ne is pyare shehar ka naam “Taabah” rakha hai.”
Taabah aur Tayyiba, Tayyab ke ma’ana mein hain kyun kay Aap (ﷺ) ki barkat se yeh shehar shirk se paak ho gaya aur har paak cheez ko “tayyab” kaha jata hai .
[Sahih Muslim, Hadees: 1385, Musnad Ahmad: 106/5]
3⃣ Yasrab:
Yeh is shehar ka awwaleen naam hai. Pechay zikar ho chuka hai keh yeh naam, us shakhs ke naam par pada jis ne is shehar ki bunyaad rakhi thi. Phir Janab-e-Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne is ka yeh naam tabdeel farma kar “Al-Madinah” rakh diya mumkin hai tabdeeli ki wajah yeh ho ke lughat mein “Yasrab” ka ma’ana, malamat, fasaad aur kharabi hai. Sahiheen mein Syedna Abu Musa Ashari (ﻋﻧہ ﷲ رﺿﯽ) se riwayat hai keh Nabi kareem (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Main ne khuwaab mein dekha keh Main Makkah Mukarramah chod kar aisay ilaqa ki taraf hijrat kar raha hoon jis mein khajuron ke darakht bohat ziyada hain. Main ne samjha shaaid yeh “Yamamah” ya “Hajar” ho lekin maloom hua keh yeh Madinah yani Yasrab hai.”
Abu Ubaida Lughawi ne farmaya:
“Yasrab poray ilaqay ka naam hai Madinah Munawwara to us ka aik hissa hai.”
Allama Yaqoot Hamawi ne Muajjam Al-Buldan mein likha hai:
Is shehar ke unnatees (29) naam hain:
Al-Madinah, Tayyaba, Taabah, Al-Maskinah, Al-Azrah, Al-Jaabirah, Al-Muhibah, Al-Muhabbabat, Al-Mahburah, Yasrab, Al-Naajiyah, Al-Mufiyah, Akaala ul Buldaan, Al-Mubaarkah, Al-Mahfufah,
Al-Muslammah, Al-Mijannah, Al-Qudsiya, Al-Aasimah, Al-Marzuqah, Al-Shafiyah, Al-Hiraah, Al-Mahbubah, Al-Marhumah, Jaabirah, Al-Mukhtaarah, Al-Muharramah, Al-Qaasimah, Tabaabah.
Neez Nabi Kareem (ﷺ) ki dua:
رَّبِّ اَدۡخِلۡنِیۡ مُدۡخَلَ صِدۡقٍ وَّ اَخۡرِجۡنِیۡ مُخۡرَجَ صِدۡقٍ
“Aey Mere Rab! Mujhe achi jagah dakhil farma aur achi tarah yahan se nikaal.”
[Sahih Bukhari, Hadees: 3622, Sahih Muslim, Hadees: 2272]
ke baaray mein baaz Aaimah ka qaul hai keh “مُدۡخَلَ صِدۡقٍ” se muraad Madinah Munawwara aur مُخۡرَجَ” صِدۡقٍ” se muraad Makkah Mukarramah hai.”
[Muajjam ul Buldaan: 83/5]
REFERENCE:
Book: “Tareekh-e-Madina Munawwarah”
Muratib Karda : Shoba Tasneef-o-Taleef Darussalam.
Nazar-e-Saani: Moulana Safir ur Rahman Mubarak puri.