Imam  Baghwi ( رحمه الله )

Mufassir-e-Qur’an

Imam Hussain bin Masood Baghwi ( رحمه الله ) kay mukhtasar halaat-e-zindagi:

 

Ism-e-girami Hafiz Faqeeh Abu Muhammad Al Hussain bin Masood Al Farraa Al Baghwi hai. Inka shumar un Ulamaye mufassireen mein hota hai jinhon ne kitabullah ki khidmat ki hai. Inki paidayish “Baghshoor” nami sheher mein hui ya “Bagh” sheher mein hui . Usi ki taraf nisbat kar kay Baghawi kaha jata hai . Yeh Hiraat aur Maru(مرو) shehron kay darmiyan Khurasan kay shehron mein se ek sheher hai. Yahan se bohot sare Ulama, Fuqaha aur muhaddiseen paida huye. Inka naam Mahiyyul Sunnah (مہی السنہ) isi wajah se pad gaya keh jo bhi masla paish aata tou woh Kitabullah aur sunnate Rasulallah par pesh karte. Khwah woh masla aqwal mein se ho, af’aal mein se ya tasaneef mein se, isi wajah se inka laqab Mahiyyul Sunnah pad gaya. Inkay aur alqaab Al Imam, Sheikhul Islam bhi hain. Imam Baghawi ka dusra watan Maru mein “Tasiyar” naami sheher tha, yahan bohot sare tulaba aur Ulama ne inse Faize uloom hasil kiye aur is maqam par inhon ne bohot sari Kutub-e-ahadith, Fiqh aur tafseer par tasneef farmayi. Akheer zamana tak yahin rahe aur yahin par in ki wafaat hui, aur isi sheher mein dafan huye.

رحمة الله تعالى رحمة واسعة

Imam Baghawi ( رحمة الله ) ki jalalate qadar kay mutalliq ahle Ilm-o-fazal kay aqwal:

Ulama ahle sunnat Wal jama’at Imam Baghawi ki jalalate qadari aur rusookh Fi ilm Kitabullah wa Sunnat Nabiyyah mein ijma yeh hai keh yeh Imamul tafseer wal Sunnah Wal Fiqh hain.

1. Hafiz Zahabi farmate hain keh Al Imam Al Allamah Al qadwah hafiz Sheikhul Islam hain.

2. Hafiz Imam Suyooti Rahimahumullah farmate hain keh yeh Imamul tafseer Imam fil Hadith aur Imam fil fiqh hain.

3. Hafiz muarrikh Al Hammad Al Hanbali Rahimahumullah farmate hain keh muhaddis aur mufassir aur waqt kay Faqeeh thay.

4. Mu’arrikh Ibn-e-khalqan farmate hain

” كان بحر في العلوم “

Kalamullah ki tafseer mein mushkil ahadith ko sahal aur asan kar diya.

5. Allamah subki Rahimahumullah farmate hain keh Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah ka laqab Mahiyyul Sunnah rukn al Deen hai. Aur Qur’an wa Hadith wa fiqh mein jame’ thay.

6. Hafiz Ibn-e-Kaseer Rahimahumullah farmate hain keh Uloom mein Fazeelat rakhne wale aur is zamane mein bade aalim thay.

وكان دينا ورعا زاهدا عابدا صالحا

7. Allamah Taibi Rahimahumullah farmate hain, Fiqh-o-Hadith kay Imam hain. Mutwara’ aur sabit bil hujjah thay. Inki baat daleel kay taur par tasleem shuda thi aur yeh Sahih Al aqeedah thay.

Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah ki tasaneef:

Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah ki muallifaat bohot zyada hain. Tafseer, hadith, Fiqh, Sair-o-sawaneh. Chand mukhtasar yahan zikar ki jati hain:

1. Mua’alimut tanzeel:

Is mein hadith-o-aqwale salaf ko bhi shamil kiya gaya hai. Imam Ibne taimiah se kisi ne sawal kiya keh Koon si tafseer aqrab ilal kitabi was Sunnah hai. Imam zamakhshari ki ya imam qurtubi ki ya imam Baghawi ki ya is kay elawa koi aur tafseer hai?

Imam Ibne taimiah ne apne fatawa jild 2 safah 193 mein jawab diya hai keh mujh se in tafaseer kay baare mein pucha gaya, in tafaseer mein jo bid’at aur daeef ahadith se Khali hai woh tafseer Al Baghawi hai.

2. Sharhus Sunnah :

Is mein Imam Baghawi ne ahadith aur marwiyaat ko jama kiya hai.

3. Masabeehus Sunnah:

Is mein wo ahadith zikr ki hain Jin ki asaneed aam taur par muhaddiseen zikr nahin karte.

4. Al Tahzeeb:

Fi Fiqh al Imam Shafa’i,ye Fiqh ki kitab hai. Shafa’i maslak is kitab se istadlaal karte hain aur isi se istafada karte hain.

5. Majmoo’atul fatawah:

Wo masayel jo Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah se puche gaye aur aapne jawab diye un ko is kitab mein jama kiya gaya hai.

6. Al Anwaar Fi Shumayilil Mukhtar:

Is mein Imam Baghawi ne 101 abwaab muhaddiseen ki tarz par qayem kiye hain.

7. Al Arba’een hadithan:

Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah ne 40 ahadith ka majmoo’a taleef farmaya.

Asaatzah wa shuyukh:

Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah kay asaatzah wa shuyukh:

1. Al Imamul Kabir:

Abu Ali Al Hussain bin Muhammad bin Ahmad Al maroozi.

(Al Mutawaffi 462 Hijri)

2. Muhaddis Marw:

Abu Umar Abdul Wahid bin Ahmad bin Abil Qasim Al mulaihi Al Harwi

(Al Mutawaffi 463 Hijri)

3. Al Faqeeh ul Imam:

Abul Hasan Ali bin Yousuf Al juwaini Sheikh Al Hijaz

(Al Mutawaffi 463 Hijri)

4. Al Musnad Al Muhaddis:

Abu Bakr Ya’qub bin Ahmad As seer fin Nisyapuri

(Al mutawaffi 466 Hijri)

5. Al Imamul Kabir:

Abu Ali Hassaan bin Sa’eed Al manee’i Al Mroozi

(Al Mutawaffi 463 Hijri)

6. Al Allamah:

Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Abdus Samad At turabi Al marozi

(Al mutawaffi 463 Hijri)

7. Al Imam:

Abul Qasim Abdul Karim bin Andul Malik bin Talha An Nisyapuri

(Al Mutawaffi 465 Hijri)

8. Al Hafiz:

Abu Saleh Ahmad bin Abdul Malik bin Ali bin Ahmad An Nisyapuri

(Al Mutawaffi 470 Hijri)

9. Mufti Neesapur:

Abu Turab Abdul Baqi bin Yousuf bin Ali bin Saleh Al muraghi

(Al Mutawaffi 492 Hijri)

10. Al Imam:

Umar bin Abdul Aziz Ap fashani sami’a Sunan Abu Dawood minal Qazi Abi Amr Al Qasim bin Ja’far Al hashmi

11. Abul Hasan Muhammad bin Muhammad Al Sheerzi

12. Abu Sa’ad Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Al Abbas Al khateeb

13. Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Abdus Samad bin Ahmad Al jooz Jani

14. Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Muhammad Al Mu’allim At Toosi

15. Abu Tahir Muhammad bin Ali bin Muhammad bin Ali bin Baweeh Az Zarad

16. Abu Bakr Ahmad bin Abi Nasar Al Koofani

17. Abu Mansoor Muhammad bin Abdul Malik Al Muzaffari As Sarkhasi

18. Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Al Fazal bin Ja’far Al kharqi

19. Abu Hasan Ali bin Al Hussain bin Al Hasan Al Qurainini

20. Abul Hasan Abdur Rahman bin Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Al Muzaffar Al Rawidi Al Booshinji

Aur in kay Ilawa bohot se hazrat woh hain jinki riwaat Imam Baghawi ne apni Tasaneef mein zikr farmayi hain.

Tafseer Baghawi ki Chand khususiyaat:

1. Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah ne tafseer mein darmiyani maslak ko ikhtiyar kiya.

2. Ayaat kay ma’ani mein Ahsan tareeqa ikhtiyar kiya keh Qur’an ki tafseer awwalan Qur’an se phir ahadith se phir aqwale Sahaba wat Tabi’een Wal A’yimma Al mujtahideen se ki hai.

3. Ayaat ka shaane nuzul jo Hadith kay zail mein zikar kiya gaya ho, us ko bhi zikar kar diya hai.

4. Alfaz ki lughawi behes.

5. Ahkaame Faqeeh jo muta’alliq bi ayaate Quraniah kay hain, unko bhi zikr kar diya gaya hai.

6. Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah ne jis Hadith ko bayan kiya us ki Sanad bhi bayan kar di lekin mutarjim ne ikhtisar ki bina par sirf matan ka tarjuma zikar kiya hai .Is kay alawa aqwaale Sahaba wat taba’een ko bila sanad zikr kiya hai.

7. Kisi ayat ki tafseer mein Salafus Saliheen ka ikhtilaf chala aa raha ho tou usko bayan kar dete hain aur ba’az ko ba’az par tarjeeh nahin dete

8. Tafseer Baghawi mein Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah ne Airaab ki mubaahis aur balaaghat kay nukton ki taraf ishara kiya hai jo dusre mufassireen nahin karte.

9. Ba’az maqamat par waarid hone wale aitrazaat aur un kay jawabat bhi diye hain.

10. Imam Baghawi Rahimahumullah ki gharz tafseer haaza mein mehez Salafus saliheen kay maslak par chalna aur un kay asaar ki pairwi karna hai.

(تلك عشرة كامله)

Tafseer Baghawi kay ma’aakhiz wa masaadir:

1. Ser A’lamun Nablaa, lil hafiz az Zahabi , wa tazkiratul huffaz lahu.

2. Al Waafi bil waffiyaat , Lil Safadi

3. Waffiatul A’lan libni khalkan

4. Al bidaya wan nihaya lil hafiz Ibne Kathir

5. Al mukhtasar Fi akhyaril bashar , li Abil fidaa

6. Mara’atul Jinan, lil yafa’i

7. Tabaqatush Shafa’een lis Subki

8. An Nujumuz zahirah libni taghri bardi

9. Tabaqatul Mufassireen lil Hafiz as Suyuti

10. Miftahus Sa’aadah litaash Kubra zadah

11. Al imam Al Baghawi mufassiran wa muhaddisan lish shaikh Khalid Abdul Rahman Al’ak

 

Ghair matboo’ah kutub:

1. Al istidrak 1.57/ 1.58/

Libni nuqtah Az zahiriah

Raqam / 423/ Hadith

2. Asmaur rijal / 47/ lit Taibi , Al Hussain bin Muhammad az zahiriah/ 6164/ aam

3. Al a’laam bufiatul a’laam / 2,606/ Liz Zahabi az zahiriah

 majmoo’ raqam/ 116/

4. Tabaqatush Shafa’iah / 2,37/ lil istawa az zahiriah/ 56/ tareekh

5. Manaqibush Shafa’i wa ashaabihi / 2,193/ libni Qazi shuhba az zahiriah/ 57/ tareekh

6. Asmaur rijal an naqileen Anish Shafa’een Wal mansoobeen ilaihi / 1,65/ libi hidayah az zahiriah/ 6164

7. Tabaqatul Mufassireen/58/ lid dawidi, nuskha musawwiran ‘an maktabihi , aarife hikmat, bil Madinah Munawwarah

Tafseer Baghawi mein kie jane wale aham kaam:

1. Zabtun Nas Al Qurani:

Qira’at hafs ki tarz par aur Qurra ahle sham wa ahle Misr ki tarz par

2. Zabte Nas Al kitab:

Tamam nuskhon mein asah thay unko ikhtiyar kiya gaya.

3. Zabtul Qira’at:

Tafseere hiza mein mukhtalif qira’aton ko bhi ayaat-e-Quraniah kay zail mein jama kiya hai.

4. Tafseer mein zaruri behes ka zikr karna aur alfaaz ghariba aur mushkil masayel ka hal karna.

REFERENCE:

BOOK: “Tafseer Baghwi”