Pancwan Mabhas:

Allah ke Asmaa mein Ilhad

 

Allah kay naamon mein ilhaad ki haqeeqat yeh hai kay unhain sidhay Mafhoom say maail kr diya jaye. Ya tu un mein kisi makhluq ki shirkat saabit kar kay, Jaise mushrikeen ka ilhaad, Jinhon nay apne ma’abudon kay naam Allah kay Sifaat say mushtaq kiye, Jo Allah hi kay liye Laiq-o-Zaiba hain, Jaise unhon nay laat ka naam “الالہ” say rakha, Uzzaa ka naam “Al-‘Azeez” say rakha aur Manaat ka naam “Al-Mannaan” say rakha. Aur har mushrik jo kisi makhluq say waabastah hota hai, Woh apnay ma’abud ka naam Rububiyat-o-Uloohiyt ki khususiyaat hi say mushtaq karta hai taake us ki ibaadat kay liye Wajah-e-Jawaz ban sake Aur sari makhluq mein sab sy bada mulhid Wahdat-ul-Wujudiyon ka giroh hai jin ka kehna yeh hai kay Rabb ‘ain marbub (makhluq) hai. Chunacah un kay yahaan har ache bure naam ka itlaaq Allah Ta’ala hi par hota hai. Allah Subhan-o-Wa Ta’ala in ki baat say bohat Buland-o-Baala hai. Ya Ilhaad-o-Sifaat-e-Ilaahi ki nafi aur aise naamon kay isbaat kay zariye ho jin ka haqeeqat say koi ta’alluq hi na ho. Jaise Firaq-e-Jahmiyah aur us ham khayaalon nay kiya. Aur ya to ilhaad Wujood-e-Baari kay bikulliyah inkaar ki garz say Allah kay Sifaat ka siray say inkaar kar kay ho, Jaise Zindeeq Falaasifaah nay kiya. Algarz in mulhideen nay Sirat-e-Mustaqim say bhatak kar jahannam ki raahon ka qasad kr rakha hai. (Tauzeeh-ul-Kafiyah Al Shafiyah Az Shaik Abdul Rahman Nasir Al Saadi رحمہ اللہ, Page: 33)

 

Imaam Ibn-e-Qayyim (رحمہ  الله) farmaate hain.

 

Allah Ta’ala ka irshaad hai:

 

وَلِلّٰهِ الْاَسْمَاۗءُ الْحُسْنٰى فَادْعُوْهُ بِهَا     ۠ وَذَرُوا الَّذِيْنَ يُلْحِدُوْنَ فِيْٓ اَسْمَاۗىِٕهٖ  ۭ سَيُجْزَوْنَ مَا كَانُوْا يَعْمَلُوْنَ ١٨٠؁

 

“Aur achay achay naam Allah hi kay hain so in naamon say Allah he ko musoom kiya karo aur aise logun say ta’alluq bhi na rakho jo us kay naamon mein kajrawi karte hain. In logon ko un kay kiye ki saza zarur mile gi.” ( Al Aaraf: 180)

 

Allah kay naamon mein ilhaad ka ma’aini yeh hai kay unhain, Un kay haqaiq aur ma’aini ko un kay saabit haq say pher diya jaye. Yeh lafz میل (mailaan) say maakhuz hai jaisa kay us kay maadah (ل،ح،د) say m’aalum hota hai. Isi say lahad bhi hai ya’ani qabar kay goshay jo darmiyani hisse say maail hota hai. Aur isi say mulhid (Deen mein ilhaad karne -o-ala) bhi hai. Jo haq say baatil ki taraf maail hota hai.

 

Ibn-ul-Sukeet farmaate hain: Mulhid woh kehlaata hai jo haq say maail aur Deen mein bedeeni daakhil karne waala ho. Aur isi say multahid bhi hai jo usi maadah say مفتعل kay wazan par hai. Aur Farmaan-e-Baari Ta’ala:

 

وَلَنْ تَجِدَ مِنْ دُوْنِهٖ مُلْتَحَدًا

 

“Tu us kay siwa har giz har giz koi panaah ki jagah na paye ga” (Al Kahaf: 27)

 

Ka ma’aini yeh hai kay: Allah ko chod kar tujhe koi na mile ga jis ki taraf tu maail ho, Bhagay, Panaah le, aur Girya-o-Zaari kare.

 

Kiunkeh jab koi kisi ki taraf maail hota hai tu Arab kehte hain “التحد فلان الی فلان” “Yani falaan nay falaan ki taraf iltihaad kiya (maail hua).

Ab jab yeh baat mauloom hogai tu Allah Ta’ala kay Asma mein ilhaad ki kaai qismein hain:

 

➤ Pehli qisam: Allah kay naamon say buton aur murtiyon ka naam rakha jaye. Jaise  mushrikeen ka Ilaah say Laat ka naam rakhna. Aur Al-‘Azeez say Uzzaa ka naam rakhna. Isi tarha but aur murti ko Ilaah ya’ani Ma’abud ka naam dena wagera, Yeh haqeeqi ilhaad hai. Kiunkeh unhon nay Allah Azza -o-jal kay naamon ko apne buton aur baatil ma’abudon ki taraf pher diya.

 

➤ Dusari qisam: Allah Subhan-o-Ta’ala ko aise naam dena jo us kay Jalaal-o-Azmat kay Shayaan-e-Shaan nahi. Jaise Nasaara (‘aisaaiyon) ka Allah Ta’ala ko baap kehna. Aur falaasifaah ka Allah Ta’ala ko mojib bizaatihi (khud wajib karne waala) ya علۃ فاعلۃ بالطبع (khud say kaam karne wali illat) wagera naamon say musoom karna.

 

➤ Teesari qisam: Allah Ta’ala ko Uyoob-o-Naqais say muttasif karna jin say Allah Ta’ala munzzah aur baala tar hai. Jaise khabis tareen yahudiyon ka yeh kehna hai kay Allah Ta’ala Faqeer-o-Muhtaj hai. (Nauzu Billah). Neez yeh kehna kay Allah nay apni makhluqaat ki paidaish kay bad aaram kiya. Isi tarha un ka yeh kehna kay:

 

يَدُاللّٰهِ مَغْلُوْلَةٌ  ۭغُلَّتْ اَيْدِيْهِمْ وَلُعِنُوْا بِمَا قَالُوْا 

 

“Allah Ta’ala kay hath bandhy huwe hain, Unhi kay hath bandhy huwe hain aur un kay is qol ki wajah say lanat ki gai”

( Al Maaidah: 64)

 

Aur is qisam ki deegar misalen Allah kay Asma-o-Sifaat mein ilhaad hain.

 

Chothi qisam: Allah kay naamon ko un kay ma’aini say bedakhal kar dena, (Ma’aini ka inkar karna) aur un ki haqeeqaton ka inkaar karna. Jaise Jahmiyah aur un kay mutba’ain ka kehna hai kay yeh Asma mahaz alfaaz hain jo Sifaat aur ma’aini par mushtamil nahi hain. Chunacah woh Allah Ta’ala par السمیع (sunane waala), البصیر (dekhane waala), الحی (Zindah), الرحیم (Raham karne waala), المتکلم (Baat karne waala), المرید (Iraadah karne waala) wagera naamon ka itlaaq tu karte hain lekin sath hi kehte hain:  Na Allah Ta’ala ko zindagi hai, Na usy sama’at hai, Na basarat hai, Na Kalam-o-Guftagu hai aur na hi koi irada hai jo is say mutlaq ho. Jab kay yeh aqal shariyat, Zuban-e-Arab aur fitrat har aitbar say Allah kay naamon mein sab sy bada ilhaad hai. Aur mushrikeen kay ilhaad kay bil muqabil hai kiunkeh unhon nay Allah kay Asma-o-Sifaat apne (baatil) ma’abudon ko dediya. Aur unhon nay Allah Ta’ala say tamaam tar Ausaaf-e-Kamaal salab kar liya aur un ka inkaar kar diya. Is tarha Allah kay Asma mein donon tabqe mulhid (ilhaad karne waale) hain. Phir Jahmiyah aur un kay anday bachay is ilhaad mein mukhtalif hain. Kuch gulo pasand mutashaddid hain, Kuch mata-o-ssit hain aur kuch thes khurdah.

Aur har shakhs jo Allah Ta’ala ka inkaar kare ga jis say Allah nay khud ko muttasif kiya hai ya jis say Rasool (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) nay Allah ko muttasif kiya hai. Woh Allah kay naam mein ilhaad karne waala hoga. Ab woh kam kare ya zayada.

Panchaween qisam: Allah Ta’ala ki Sifaat ko us ki makhluqaat say tashbeeh dena. Allah Ta’ala un Tashbeeh-o-Hindoun ki baat say bohat buland hai. Chunacah yeh ilhaad mua’attilah kay ilhaad kay bil muqabil hai. Kiunkeh unhon nay Allah kay Sifat-e-Kamaal ki nafi aur us ka inkaar kiya. Aur unhon nay Allah kay Sifaat ko Allah ki makhluq ki Sifaat kay mushaabah qarar diya. Chunacah yeh ilhaad mein mushtarik hain lekin in kay tariqay alag alag hain. Aur Allah Ta’ala nay apne Rasool kay mutba’ain aur Aap ki Sunnat par qaim Aap kay wariseen ko in tamaam baaton say mahfuz rakha. Chunacah unhon nay Allah ko inhin Sifaat say muttasif kiya jin say Allah nay khud apne aap ko mosuf kiya hai. Na Allah ki Sifaat ka inkaar kiya, Na unhain makhluqaat say tashbeeh di. Aur na hi Allah kay nazil kardah Alfaaz-o-Ma’aini say kisi tarha Inhiraaf-o-Mailaan ka shikaar huwe. Balkehh Allah kay tamaam Asma-o-Sifaat ko saabit kiya, Aur Allah ki zaat say makhluqaat ki mushaabaht ki nafi ki. Chunacah un ka isbaat tashbeeh say mahfuz raha. Aur un ki Tanziah-o-Taqdees Ta’ateel-o-Inkaar say khaali rahi. Us ki tarha nahi jis nay Allah ki aisi tashbeeh di goya woh koi butt puj raha ho, Ya aisa inkaar kiya goya mahaz adam ki ‘ibaadat kar raha ho.

Aur Ehl-e-Sunnat tamaam firqon mein aise hi Mutawassit-o-Mua’atadil hain jaise Ahl-e-Islaam tamaam millaton mein Mutawassit-o-Miyanah hain. Un kay Uloom-o-Ma’arif kay chiragh aik baabarkat darakhat zaitun kay tail say roshan kiye jaate hain. Jo darakhat na mashraqi hai na maghrabi khud woh tail qareeb hai kay aap hi roshni deny Lage agarchah usy aag bhi na chuway, Noor par Noor hai. Allah Ta’ala jisy chahta hai apne Noor ki rahnumai karta hai. Lihaza ham Allah say dua-goh hain kay hamein apne Noor ki rahnumai farmaye aur apni raza aur apne Rasool ki ittiba’a ki raah tak rasaai asaan farmaye. Yaqeenan woh bada qareeb aur duain qabul karne waala hai. (Badai-ul-Fawaid Az Imam Ibn-ul-Qayyim رحمہ اللہ Mamoli tasarruf ke sath: 1/165-170. Aur Imam Ibn-ul-Qayyim رحمہ اللہ ke Asmaa-e-Husnaa ke silsilah mein bees fawaid zikar karne ke baad akheer mein raqamtaraz hain:

Chunacah yeh Allah ke Asmaa-e-Husnaa ke bare mein bees fawaid hain. Is mein wo qaidah bhi shamil kar lia jay jo ham ne shoro mein Allah Tabarak-o-Wa Talaa ko muttasif kiy jane waly umoor ki qismon ke shoro mein kia tha, Lihaza pahle aap un ki maarifat hasil Karen aur un ki riaayat aur ahtimam Karen aur phir agar samjhne wala dill, Bolne wali zaban aur qubool karne wali jagha muyassar aay to Allah ke Asmaa-e-Husnaa ki sarah Karen. Basoorat-e-Degar aap ke liy khamoshi bahtar hai, Kiunkeh Maqam-e-Rububiat khayalat mein aney wali cheezon aur tabeer ki jane wali batun se kahin Buland-o-Bartar aur izzat wala hai. Irshad-e-Bari hai:

 

وَفَوْقَ كُلِّ ذِيْ عِلْمٍ عَلِيْمٌ

 

Aur har Zi ilm par fauqiyat rakhne wala dusra zi ilm mujood hai. (Yousuf: 76)

 

Yahan tak keh us zaat tak puhunc kar ilm ki intiha ho jati hai, Jis ne har cheez ko apne ilm se ghaira rakha hai. Umeed hai keh in qawaid ke ahkam ki riayat karte huwe Allah ke Asmaa-e-Husnaa mein Ilhad-o-Kajrawi hai aur us ke Sifaat ke Inkar-o-Adam-e-Isbaat se bachte huwy Allah talaa apny fazal se Asmaa-e-Husnaa ki sarah likhne mein madad farmay keh wahi apne fazal ka ahsaan karne wala hai aur Allah bade azeem fazal wala hai. Dikhiy: Badai-ul-Fawaid: 1/159-170)

 

 

REFERENCE:

BOOK: Sharah Asma-o-Husna kitaab-o-Sunnat ki raushni mein.

Taleef : Dr. Sa’id bin Ali bin Wahf Al-Qahtani

Urdu Tarjumah by: Shaikh Inayatullah bin Hafeezullah Sanabali Madani.