Juwa

Allah ta’ala ne farmaya:

 

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِنَّمَا ٱلْخَمْرُ وَٱلْمَيْسِرُ وَٱلْأَنصَابُ وَٱلْأَزْلَٰمُ رِجْسٌ مِّنْ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنِ فَٱجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ۞ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ أَن يُوقِعَ بَيْنَكُمُ ٱلْعَدَٰوَةَ وَٱلْبَغْضَآءَ فِى ٱلْخَمْرِ وَٱلْمَيْسِرِ وَيَصُدَّكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ وَعَنِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ ۖ فَهَلْ أَنتُم مُّنتَهُونَ۞

 

“Ae Iman walo! Sharab , juwa, but poojna aur panse phenkna bila shubah napak shaitani Kam hain, pas un se tum ijtinab karo, taakeh tumhen falah hasil ho , shaitan tou yahi chahta hai keh sharab aur juwe kay zariye se tumhare darmian dushmani aur bughz dalwa de aur Allah kay zikar aur namaz se tumhen roke, tou kia ab bhi Tum ( in buraion se) baaz nahin aate?”

Al-Ma’idah 5 : 90-91

 

“Al maysir” is se murad juwa hai khuwah woh jis bhi nau’ se ta’alluq rakhta ho, chosar ho ya shatranj ya nageenon kay zarie ho ya nard (khel) ka nageena, mohra ya akhrot ya ande ya kankarian ya is kay elawa koi aur, yeh sab, logon ka maal baatil tareeqe se khane kay zumre mein aata hai jis se Allah ne apne farman mein Mana farmaya hai:

 

وَلَا تَأْكُلُوٓا۟ أَمْوَٰلَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ وَتُدْلُوا۟ بِهَآ إِلَى ٱلْحُكَّامِ لِتَأْكُلُوا۟ فَرِيقًا مِّنْ أَمْوَٰلِ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْإِثْمِ وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ۞

 

“Aur apas mein Nahaq aik dusre ka maal na khao”

Al-Baqarah 2: 188

 

Aur Nabi ﷺ kay farman se bhi iski mumani’at sabit hai, aap ne farmaya:

 

“Beshak Jo log Allah kay maal mein Nahaq mashghool hote hain tou un kay lie Roz-e-Qayamat Jahannum ki aag hai” [ Bukhari]

 

Aur RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:

“Jo shakhs apne Sathi se kahe: aao main tumhare sath juwa khelon tou usse sadqa karna chahiye”.                [Bukhari ( 4860 ) Muslim ( 1648 )]

Jab mehz itna keh dena keh aao mere sath juwa khelo khafara ya saqde ko wajib kar deta hai tou juwa khelne kay bare mein Ap ka kia khayal hai?

Fasal

 

Ulma ne chosar aur shatranj kay bare mein ikhtilaaf ki hurmat par itifaaq kiya hai. Kyun keh Rasool Allah ﷺ se sahih sabit hai keh Ap ne farmaya:

“Jo shakhs nazd sher (chousar) khelta hai tou goya wo apna hath khinzeer kay gosht aur us kay khoon se rangeen karta hai”. [Muslim]

Aur Ap ﷺ ne farmaya:

“Jis shakhs ne chousar kheli tou us ne Allah aur us kay Rasool ki nafarmani ki”. [Malik; Abu Daood]

 

Ibn-e-Umar رضي الله عنه ne farmaya: chousar khelna juwa hai aur ye aise hi jaise khinzeer ki charbi ka tail lagana hai.

Farmaya; Jahan tak shatranj ka ta’aluq hai tou aksar Ulma ne us ne khelne ko haram qarar diya hai, khuwah wo shart kay sath ho ya shart lagane kay bagher ho, raha shart laga kar khelna tou wo bila khilaaf haram hai. Srif is sorat mein kalam hai jab wo shart kay bagher ho, lekin aksar Ulma kay nazdeek wo bhi juwa hai aur haram hai, Imam Shafi رحمه الله se aik riwayat mein is ki abahat bayan ki gai hai, bashart ye keh jab wo khalwat mein ho aur wo kisi wajib aur Namaz ko waqt par parhne se ghafil na kar de, Imam Nodi رحمه الله se shatranj khelne kay bare mein pocha gaya, kia wo haram hai ya jaaiz? Tou Ap ne jawab diya: wo aksar Ahl-e-ilm kay nazdeek haram hai. Ap se ye bhi pocha gaya, shatranj khelna jaaiz hai ya nahi, kia usse khelne wala gunah gaar hota hai ya nahi? Ap ne jawab diya: agar usse khelte hue Namaz apne waqt se faut hojae ya wo kisi ewaz ya’ani shart laga kar kheeli jae tou wo haram hai, badegar sorat Imam Shafi رحمه الله kay nazdeek makar wo aur degar kay nazdeek haram hai. Phir Imam Nodi ne usse apne fatawi mein zikar kiya hai aur aksar jo us ki tehreem ki daleel lete hain wo Allah Tala ka ye farman hai:

حُرِّمَتۡ عَلَيۡكُمُ الۡمَيۡتَةُ وَالدَّمُ وَلَحۡمُ الۡخِنۡزِيۡرِ وَمَاۤ اُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ اللّٰهِ بِهٖ وَالۡمُنۡخَنِقَةُ وَالۡمَوۡقُوۡذَةُ وَالۡمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَالنَّطِيۡحَةُ وَمَاۤ اَكَلَ السَّبُعُ اِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيۡتُمۡ وَمَا ذُ بِحَ عَلَى النُّصُبِ وَاَنۡ تَسۡتَقۡسِمُوۡا بِالۡاَزۡلَامِ‌ ؕ

 

 

 

“Tum par haram kar diya gaya hai, murdar, khoon, khinzeer ka gosht aur janwar jo Allah kay siwa kisi or kay liye namazd kar diya gaya ho aur wo jo gala ghotne se mar gaya, aur jo chout se mara ho, jo upar se gir kar mar jae, jo kisi janwar kay seeng marne se mar jae, wo jisse darindon ne phhar khaya ho, magar wo jisse tum zabah kar lo, aur wo janwar jo kisi thaan par zabah kiya jae aur ye baat keh tum teeron kay paanson se taqseem karo.”

( Al-Maida 5/3 )

 

Waqe’e bin Jarah aur Sufyan ne farmaya: us se murad shatranj hai.

Ali bin Abi Talib رضي الله عنه ne farmaya: shatranj, ajmiyon ka juwa hai, Ap رضي الله عنه aise logon kay pas se guzre jo shatranj khel rahe the, tou unho ne farmaya: ye kia mortiyan hain, jin par tum aitikaaf kiye bethe ho? Ye keh tum mein se kisi ka angaare ko pakar lena hatta keh wo bhasam hojae, us kay liye usse hath lagane se behtar hai aur phir farmaya:

Allah ki qasam! Tumhari takhleeq ka maqsad, us kay ilawa kuch aur hai, aur Ap رضي الله عنه ne farmaya: shatranj khelne wala sab se jhoota insaan hai, tum mein se koi ( khel kay douran) kehta hai, main ne qatal kar diya, halankeh us ne qatal nahi kiya aur wo kehta hai, wo mara gaya, halankeh wo mara nahi hota.

Abu Moosa Ash’ari رضي الله عنه ne farmaya: gunah gaar shakhs hi shatranj khelta hai, Ishaq bin Rahwiya se kaha gaya: kia Ap shatranj mein koi burai mehsoos karte hain? Unho ne farmaya: sari burai hi isi mein hai, unse kaha gaya: ehle saghoor (sarhadon wale, border wale) tou jang kay lie ise khelte hain, unhon ne farmaya: woh ehle saghoor, ehle fujoor (gunahgar) hain

Muhammad bin ka’ab Al Qarzi se shatranj khelne kay baare mein pucha gaya tou unhon ne farmaya: is mein Jo Kam tar (gunah ya saza) hai, woh yeh hai keh shatranj khelne wala Qayamat kay din ashaabe baatil kay Sath paish kia jaega ya uthaya jaega.

Ibne Umar رضي الله عنه se shatranj kay baare mein pucha gaya,tou unhon ne farmaya: chausar se bhi badtar hai aur iski tehreem kay mutabiq baat ho chuki hai , imam Malik bin Anas رضي الله عنه se shatranj kay baare mein pucha gaya tou unhon ne farmaya: shatranj chausar ki qisam hai.

Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما se hamen yeh bat pohonchi hai keh woh ek yateem kay waris bane tou unhon ne yateem kay walid kay tarke mein use paaya tou unhon ne use jala dia, agar uska khelna halal hota tou aap us kay maale yateem hone ki wajah se us kay jalane ko jaaiz qarar na dete, lekin jab uska khelna Haram hus to use jala dia, pas yeh jinse sharab se hai keh jab woh maale yateem mein paai jae tou uska gira dena, baha dena wajib ho jata hai, isi tarah shatranj hai aur ye jarrul ummah (Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما) ka mazhab hai.

Ibrahim Nakha’i se pucha gaya: ap shatranj khelne kay baare mein kia farmate hain? Unhon ne farmaya: woh tou mal’oonah hai.

Abu Bakr Asram ne Wasilah bin Asqa’ ki sand se RasullAllah ﷺ se apni jame’ mein riwayat kia hai, aap ne farmaya: Allah har roz 360 martabah apni makhlooq ki taraf dekhta hai, lekin sahibe shah ya’ani shatranj khelne wale kay lie is mein koi hissa nahin, kyun keh woh (khel kay dauran Kai martabah) kehta hai: shah (badshah) faut ho gaya.

Abu Bakr aajri ne apni asnaad se Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه se riwayat kia hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya: “jab Tum in teeron kay paanson, chausar, shatranj, aur be maqsad khel khelne wale kay pas se guzro tou unhen Salam na karo, kyun keh jab woh jama hote hain aur us par jhukte hain tou shaitan apne laao lashkar kay Sath un kay pas ata hai aur unhen ghair leta hai, jab bhi in mein se koi Jata hai, woh us se apni nigah hatata hai tou shaitan apne lashkar kay Sath use ghoonsa Marta hai, pas woh khelte rehte hain hatta keh woh kutton ki tarah mutafarriq ho jate hain jo kisi murdar par jama hote hain, woh us mein se khate hain hatta keh un kay pait bhar jate hain phir woh bikhar jate hain kyun keh woh us khel mein jhut bolte hain, kehte hain shah (badshah) mar gaya”

“Roz-e-Qayamat sahibe shah ya’ani sahibe shatranj ko sab logon se ziada sakht azab dia jaega, kia ap use nahin dekhte hain, woh kehta hai: main ne use qatal kar dia hai, Allah ki Qasam! Woh mar gaya’ Allah ki Qasam us ne jhut bandha aur Allah par jhut bandha ” [1]

Mujahid رضي الله عنه ne bataya: Jo bhi mayyat faut hoti hai tou us kay ham nasheen, Jin se woh ham nasheeni rakha karta tha, us kay lie tamseel banae jaenge , pas aik shakhs Jo keh shatranj khela karta tha, uski maut ka waqt qareeb aya tou use kaha gaya: Kaho laa ilaha illallah, tou us ne kaha: tumhara shah phir mar gaya, pas woh cheez uski zaban par ghalib agai, Jo uski Zindagi mein khel kay dauran uska ma’mul thi, pas kalimahe ikhlas kay ewaz use woh kalimah mil gaya: tera shah, aur yeh jesa keh aik dusre insan kay baare mein aya hai keh woh sharab noshon ka ham nasheen tha, pas jab uski maut ka waqt aya tou aik insan use kalimahe shahadat ki talqeen karne kay lie us kay pas aya, tou woh (Sharab nosh) use kehta hai: “khud pio aur mujhe pilao” phir woh isi halat par faut ho gaya ,

 

لا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله العلي العظيم

Jesa keh Hadith mein marwi hai:

“Insan ne jis halat par Zindagi basar ki ho woh usi halat par wafat pata hai aur jis halat par wafat pata hai, use usi halat par uthaya jaega”

Ham Allah ehsan karne wale se yeh us kay fazal kay zarie darkhwast karte hain keh woh hamen musalman ki halat par wafat de na keh (Deen ko) badalne wale, tabdeeli karne wale, gumrah hone wale aur kaj rawi ikhtiyar karne wale, beshak woh sakhi daata fayyaz hai

[1] Munzari ne targheeb mein yeh kaha keh shatranj ka zikar ahadith mein warid hai, main unki asnad kay Sahih aur Hasan hone kay baare mein nahin janta.

 

REFERENCE:

Book: “Kabeerah Gunah”
Taleef: Shaikh Ul Islam Shams ad-Dīn adh-Dhahabī Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah: Abu Anas Muhammad Sarwar Gohar.