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24. DAKAH ZANI KARNA [Highway robbery]

 Daaka Zani

Allah ta’ala ne farmaya:

 

إِنَّمَا جَزَٰٓؤُا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَسَادًا أَن يُقَتَّلُوٓا۟ أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوٓا۟ أَوْ تُقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُم مِّنْ خِلَٰفٍ أَوْ يُنفَوْا۟ مِنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ لَهُمْ خِزْىٌ فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ وَلَهُمْ فِى ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ۞

 

“Jo log Allah aur us kay Rasul se Jang karte hain aur Mulk mein fasad phelate phirte hain, unki saza bila shubah yahi hai keh woh qatal kar die jaen, ya sooli charha die jaen ya un kay hath paun mukhalif taraf se kaat die jaen ya unhen jila watan kar dia jae, yeh tou unki ruswai Dunia mein hogi aur akhirat mein bhi un kay lie bara azab hai

Al-Ma’idah 5 : 33 

 

Wahidi رحمه الله (sahibut tafaseerul mash’hoorah)

(Al baseet, wal waseet wal wajeez, wa asbabe nuzoolul Qur’an wat tahbeer fee sharhi asmaaillaahil husna) ne farmaya:

Allah aur us kay Rasul ﷺ se Jang karne se murad , unki nafarmani karna aur unki ita’at na karna hai, Jo bhi ap ki nafarmani kare, woh ap kay Sath larai karne Wala hoga

Mulk mein fasad phelate phirte hain, ya’ani qatal, chori aur logon kay amwal hathiane ka irtikab karte hain, har woh shakhs jo mominon kay khilaf asliha uthata hai tou woh Allah aur us kay Rasul ﷺ se Jang karne Wala hai, Imam Malik, Auza’i aur Shafa’i رحمهم الله ka yeh qaul hai.

 

Allah ta’ala ka yeh farman: 

 

“Yeh keh woh qatal kar die jaen, ya sooli charha die jaen ya un kay hath paun mukhalif taraf se kaat die jaen ya unhen jila watan kar dia jae”

Waalbi (Ali bin Abi Talha) Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما se riwayat karte hain: أو (ya) , takhyeer kay lie dakhil kia gaya hai aur is ka ma’aani abahat hai Agar imam chahe tou is kay murtakib ko qatal kare, chahe tou sooli charhae aur agar chahe tou use jila watan kar de, yeh Hasan , Saeed bin musayyab aur mujahid رحمهم الله ka qaul hai aur Atia ki riwayat mein kaha:

In sazaon mein أو (ya) abahat kay lie nahin , yeh to jaraim kay ikhtilaf ki wajah se faisla murattab karne kay lie hai

Jis shakhs ne qatal kia aur Maal bhi loot lia tou use qatal kia jaega aur use sooli charha dia jaega , Jo shakhs maal loot le lekin qatal na kare tou uska hath kata jaega, Jo qatal kare lekin amwal par qabza na kare tou use qatal kia jaega , jis ne musafir ko khauf zadah kia , us ne qatal nahin kia tou use jila watan kia jaega aur yeh imam Shafa’i ka mazhab hai, aur imam Shafa’i ne farmaya: har aik apne Fai’l, jurm ki miqdar kay barabar paega, jis shakhs par qatal aur sooli charhana donon wajib hon tou use sooli charhane se pehle qatal kia jae aur yeh uski saza ki karahiat ki wajah se hai aur use 3 roz tak sooli par latka dia jaega, phir use utara jaega aur jis par sooli charhane kay elawa mehez qatal karna wajib ho tou use qatal kia jaega aur usko us kay ehle khana kay supurd kar dia jaega taakeh woh use dafan kar saken aur jis par qatal karne kay elawa mehez hath katna wajib ho tou uska dayan hath kaat dia jaega phir use daagh dia jaega, phir agar woh dobara chori kare tou uska bayan paun kaat dia jaega aur agar teesri bar chori kare tou uska bayan hath kaat dia jaega jesa keh Nabi ﷺ se sabit hai, ap ne chor kay muta’alliq farmaya:

“Agar woh choro kare tou uska hath kaato, phir chori kare tou uska paun kaato phir agar chori kare tou uska hath kato phir agar chori kare tou uska paun kaato” [Abu Dawood; Nisai]

Kyun Abu Bakr aur Umar رضي الله عنهم ka bhi yahi Amal hai aur kisi Sahabi ne un donon ki mukhalifat nahin ki aur is kay bayan hone ki wajah par ittefaq hai jis ne hath katne kay ba’ad paun katne ko ikhtiyar kia hai kyun keh woh bayan hi hoga aur من خلاف ka yahi ma’aani hai

 

أو ينفوا من الارض

“Ya woh jila watan kar die jaen”

 

Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما ne farmaya: 

 

Imam us shakhs kay khoon ko raaigan qarar dete hue kahe: Jo shakhs use mile woh use qatal kar de, yeh us kay lie hai Jo us par qadir ho, raha woh shakhs Jo us par qabiz ho tou woh use Habs aur jail men qaid kar kay jila watan kar de kyun keh jab use qaid kar dia jae aur shehron mein aane Jane se rok dia jae tou woh us mulk mein jila watan hi ki tarah hai

Ibne Qutaibah ne ba’az qaidion kay jazbat aur ehsasat kay izhar kay lie shair kahe:

 

خرجنا من الدنيا ونحن من أهلها
فلسنا من الأحياء فيها ولا الموتى
إذا جاءنا السجان يوماً لحاجة
عجبنا وقلنا جاء هذا من الدنيا

 

“Ham Dunia se Nikal ae halan keh ham usi se ta’alluq rakhte hain, pas ham zindon mein se hain na murdon mein se,

Jab kisi roz daroghae jail hamare pas kisi zarurat kay tehet ata hai, tou ham ta’ajjub karte hain aur kehte hain yeh dunia se aya hai”

Farma: Daaka Zani aur musafiron ko khauf zadah karna hi bohot bara jurm hai, tou phir uski sangeeni kesi hogi jab maal loot lia jae ya zakhmi kar dia jae ya use qatal kar dia jae,? Pas unhon ne muta’addid kabeera gunahon ka irtikab kia, is par mustazad yeh keh unhon ne namaz tark kar di aur loote hue maal ko sharab noshi, Zina aur lawatat (ighlam bazi) waghera jese kaamon par kharch kia

Pas ham Allah se har qisam ki azmaish wa pareshani se aafiat talab karte hain kyun keh wohi sakhi daata fayyaz, bakhshne wala rehem karne Wala hai

 

REFERENCE:
Book: “Kabeerah Gunah”
Taleef: Shaikh Ul Islam Shams ad-Dīn adh-Dhahabī Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah: Abu Anas Muhammad Sarwar Gohar.
#24 Are You Speaking About Islam Without Knowledge? || Urdu || Shaikh Zafar ul Hasan #amau

 Highwaymen Who Menace the Road

Allah says, {The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and his Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hand and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land that is chief disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the hereafter.} (AI-Ma’idah: 33)

AI- Wahidi comments, “To wage war against Allah and his Messenger means to disobey them.” To strive for mischief through the land” refers to killing people, robbing them, and violently consuming their property. Hence, to take arms against a Muslim stands for fighting with Allah and his Messenger. Such an opinion was held by Imam Malik, Imam Shafi’i, and AI-Awza’i.

As to Allah’s saying, “Execution…………… Or exile from the land”, AI-Wahidi said from Ibn ‘Abbas that “or” in this verse is used for giving the choice and permissibility. Hence, the Imam- the Muslim leader has the full option to enforce killing, or crucifixion or banishment. AI-Hasan, Sa’id fun AI-Musayyab, and Mujahid supported this view.

According to another narration through’ Atiyyah, AI- W alibi said, “or” in the verse is not for permissibility, but it rather signifies the order of the legal rule “Hukm” in regard to the variant crimes. In other words, those who murder and plunder property must be killed and crucified. Those who only rob property, their hands and feet must be cut off and those who violently shed blood but do not rob property must be put to death. Finally, those who scare people in their ways but do not commit murder must be exiled from the land. Imam Shafi’i is quoted to hare the some previous view. He is mentioned as saying,”

Each criminal is judged according to his/her offense. So, in case of killing and crucifixion, the evildoer should first be put to death lest he is painfully tortured. Then, he is crucified for three consecutive days and then let down.

In case of killing only, the criminal is executed and his corpse is to be handed to his kinsmen to be buried.

If the sentence of cutting off of hands or feet, the right hand is first to be lopped off and cauterized. If he returned to theft, his left leg should be severed. In the third time, his left hand should be amputated.Concerning the cutting off of thieves’ hands and feet the Prophet said, “If someone committed theft cut off his hand, if he stole a second, cut off his leg, if he stole once again, cut off his (other) hand if he insisted on stealing, cut off his (other) leg.”¹

Abu Bakr and ‘Vmar (May Allah be pleased with them all) were unanimously used to inflict such a legal rule upon thieves. Allah’s saying” From opposite sides” illustrated the contrasting order in cutting off of a hand at then a leg.

¹Reported by Abu Dawud.

Ibn ‘Abbas in his exegesis of Allah’s saying {Or exile from the land } made open that if the thief is out of control, the Imam should pass a command to shed his blood in vain. But if he is under arrest, exile connotes imprisonment that restricts and hinders his freedom.

REFERENCE:
BOOK: “MAJOR SINS” OF IMAM SHAMSU ED-DEEN DHAHABI.
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