25. JHOOTI QASAM KHAANA [Deliberate false Oaths]
Jhooti Qasam
Allah Tala ne farmaya:
اِنَّ الَّذِيۡنَ يَشۡتَرُوۡنَ بِعَهۡدِ اللّٰهِ وَاَيۡمَانِهِمۡ ثَمَنًا قَلِيۡلًا اُولٰٓئِكَ لَا خَلَاقَ لَهُمۡ فِى الۡاٰخِرَةِ وَلَا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللّٰهُ وَلَا يَنۡظُرُ اِلَيۡهِمۡ يَوۡمَ الۡقِيٰمَةِ وَلَا يُزَكِّيۡهِمۡ ۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ اَ لِيۡمٌ ۞
“Be shak wo log jo Allah kay ahd aur apni qasmon par qaleel ( dunyawi) mu’awiza lete hain, un logon ka akhirat mein koi hissa nahi Qayamat kay din Allah se Kalam karega na un ki taraf dekhega aur na hi unhe ( gunahon se ) paak karega aur aise logon kay liye dard naak azab hoga “.
( Al-Imram : 77 )
Wahidi ( Musfar ) ne bayan kiya keh ye Ayat un admiyo kay bare mein nazil hoi, jinho ne aik jageer kay bare mein Nabi ﷺ ki khidmat mein muqadima pesh kiya, tou مدعى عليه ne qasam uthane ka irada kiya tou Allah ne ye Ayat nazil farmai, us par مدعى عليه qasam uthane se ruk gaya aur مدعى kay haq ko tasleem kar liya. Abdullah bayan karte hain, Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya:
Ash’at ne kaha: Allah ki qasam! Ye Ayat mere bare mein nazil hoi, wo bayan karte hain, mere aur aik Yahoodi kay mabain zameen kay bare mein jhagra tha, us ne mujh se inkaar kiya tou main usse Nabi ﷺ ki khidmat mein le gaya, tou Ap ne farmaya: “kia tumhare pas koi daleel hai?” Main ne arz kiya, nahi. Ap ne Yahoodi se farmaya: qasam uthao, main ne arz kiya, Allah kay Rasool! Wo tou qasam utha lega aur mera maal le jaega, tou Allah Tala ne Ayat nazil farmai:
“Be shak jo log Allah kay ahd aur apni qasmon par qaleel mu’awiza lete hain “.
Ya’ani wo duniya ka mamooli sa saman hasil karne kay liye jhooti qasam utha lete hain
اُولٰٓئِكَ لَا خَلَاقَ لَهُمۡ فِى الۡاٰخِرَةِ
“Aise logon kay liye akhirat mein koi hissa nahi”.
وَلَا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللّٰهُ
“Allah un se Kalam nahi farmaega “. Ya’ani aisi Kalam nahi farmaega jis se unhen khushi naseeb ho.
وَلَا يَنۡظُرُ اِلَيۡهِمۡ
“Aur wo un ki taraf nahi dekhega”. Ya’ani Rehmant se nahi dekhega jis se unhen koi khushi Naseeb ho.
وَلَا يُزَكِّيۡهِمۡ ۖ
“Aur unhen paak nahi karega”, un ko khair o bhalai mein barhaega na un ki Sana bayan karega.
Abdullah bin Mas’ood رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain keh main ne Rasool Allah ﷺ ko farmate hue suna:
“Jis shakhs ne na haq kisi Musalman kay maal par qasam uthai tou wo Allah se is maal mein mulaqat karega keh wo us shakhs par naraz hoga”.
Abdullah رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain keh phir Rasool Allah ﷺ ne us ki tasdeeq mein Allah ki kitaab se ye Ayat Tilawat farmai:
اِنَّ الَّذِيۡنَ يَشۡتَرُوۡنَ بِعَهۡدِ اللّٰهِ وَاَيۡمَانِهِمۡ ثَمَنًا قَلِيۡلًا.
( Al-Imran : 77 )
Abu Umama رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain: ham Rasool Allah ﷺ ki khidmat mein hazir the keh Ap ne farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ne apni qasam ki badoulat kisi Musalman shakhs ka haq kat’a kiya tou Allah ne us kay liye jahannum wajib kar di aur Jannat us par haram kar di”.
Tou kisi shakhs ne arz kiya, Allah kay Rasool! Khuwah wo (haq) mamooli ho? Ap ne farmaya:
“Agarcheh wo pehlo ki shaakh ho”. [Muslim: 137]
Hafs bin Maisira ne bayan kiya, ye Hadith kitni shadeed hai, tou kaha: kia tum kitaab-Allah mein nahi hai.
اِنَّ الَّذِيۡنَ يَشۡتَرُوۡنَ بِعَهۡدِ اللّٰهِ وَاَيۡمَانِهِمۡ ثَمَنًا قَلِيۡلًا.
( Al-Imram : 77 )
Abuzar رضي الله عنه , Nabi ﷺ se riwayat karte hain, Ap ne farmaya:
“Teen qisam kay log hain, Roz e qayamat Allah un se Kalam karega na unhe paak karega aur un kay liye dard naak azab hoga”. Ap ne teen martaba unhe duhraya, tou Abuzar رضي الله عنه ne arz kiya, Allah kay Rasool! Wo nakaam o namurad hue, wo kon log hain? Ap ne farmaya: “Izaar latkane wala, ehsan jaltlane wala aur jhooti qasam se apna sauda bechne wala ” [Bukhari]
Aur RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Allah kay Sath shareek thehrana walidain ki nafarmani karna, qatle nafs aur jhooti qasam kabeera gunah hain”
“Al ghamoos” amadan jhooti qasam uthana, jhuti qasam ko غموس islie kehte hain keh yeh qasam uthane wale ko gunah mein dibo deti hai aur yeh bhi kaha gaya keh yeh usko Jahannum mein dibo deti hai
Imam munzari ne in donon aqwal ki is tarah taujeeh bayan ki hai keh jhooti qasam uthane wala Dunia mein gunah ka mustahiq theherta hai aur akhirat mein Jahannum uska muqaddqr thehregi.
FASAL
Allah عزوجل kay Siwa kisi aur ki Qasam uthana, jese Nabi, ka’abah, farishton, aasman, pani, hayato zindagi aur amanat ki Qasam uthana bhi isi zumre mein aata hai aur is se bhi ziadah sangeen yeh hai keh koi Rooh, sar, hayate sultan (badshah) badshah ki nai’mat aur fulan ki qabar ki Qasam uthae
Ibne Umar رضي الله عنه Nabi ﷺ se riwayat karte hain, aap ne farmaya:
“Allah tumhen Mana farmata hai keh tum apne aaba ki Qasam uthao, pas jis shakhs ne qasam uthani ho tou woh Allah ki Qasam uthae ya khamosh rahe”
Aur ek riwayat mein hai:
“Jo shakhs qasam uthae woh sirf Allah ki Qasam uthae ya khamosh rahe” [Malik; Bukhari; Muslim; Abu Dawood]
Abdur Rahman bin Samra رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Tawaghi aur apne aaba ki Qasam na uthao” [Muslim]
Tawaghi “Taghiyah” ki jama hai, is ka ma’aani hai asnaam, isi se hadith hai , yeh daus qabeele kay asnaam aur mab’ood hain.
Hazrat Bareedah رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jo shakhs Qasam uthae aur kahe keh main Islam se bezar wa la ta’alluq hun, pas agar woh jhuta hai tou woh wese hi hai jese us ne kaha hai, aur agar woh Sacha hai tou bhi woh Islam ki taraf Sahi Salim nahin lotega” [Abu Dawood; Ibne Majah]
Ibne Umar رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh unhon ne aik aadmi ko kehte hue suna:
“Jis shakhs ne Allah kay Siwa kisi ki Qasam uthai tou us ne kufur kia ya shirk kia”
[Abu Dawood: 3251; Tirmidhi: 1535]
Ba’az ulama ne”kufur ya shirk kia ” ki tafseer mein farmaya keh yeh sakhti kay taur par hai, jesa keh Nabi ﷺ se marwi hai keh aap ne farmaya:
“Riya shirk hai”
Aur Aap ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ne Qasam uthai aur us ne apni Qasam mein kaha: “laat aur uzza ki Qasam! Tou use لا اله إلا الله parhna chahie” [Bukhari: 8647; Muslim: 4860]
Sahaba mein ba’az aise bhi the Jo quboole Islam se pehle is tarah (ghairullah) ki Qasam uthaya karte the lekin quboole Islam kay shuru kay ayyam mein woh sabqate lisani ki wajah se is tarah ki Qasam utha jate tou Nabi ﷺ unhen foran لا اله إلا الله parhne ka hukum farmate taakeh us kalime ki wajah se sabqate lisani ki wajah se jo hua ho woh khatam hojae
وبالله التوفيق
REFERENCE:
Book: “Kabeerah Gunah”
Taleef: Shaikh Ul Islam Shams ad-Dīn adh-Dhahabī Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah: Abu Anas Muhammad Sarwar Gohar.
The Engulfing Oath
Allah says, {as for those who sell the faith they owe to Allah and their own solemn plighted word for a small price, they shall have no portion in the here after! Nor will Allah (Design to) speak to them or look at them on the Day of Judgement, nor will he clean them (of sin): they shall have a grievous chastisement.}
(03: 77)
Al-Wahidi related, “The occasion of revelation of this verse was regarding two disputants who sought the Prophet to decide their case about a landed estate. At the time the defendant had been on the point of taking an oath¹, Allah revealed this verse. At once, he turned away from swearing and admitted the claimant’s right to the estate.
“Whosoever is ordered (by the ruler or the judge) to give an oath, and he takes a false oath in order to grab the property of a Muslim, he will incur Allah’s Wrath when he meets Him on the Day of Resurrection.”
Al-Ash ‘ath said,
“By Allah, this verse was revealed in my connection. A dispute broke out between me and a Jew who had denied my right to the ownership of a piece of land. I reported him to Allah’s apostle who said to me:
“Have you got an evidence (i.e. witness)? I replied, “No” He said to the Jewish man” swear in!” At this moment, I said, “0 Allah’s Apostle! He, my opponent, will take the oath and consequently consume my property”. For this Allah revealed, ”as for those who sell the faith…” ²
`Abdullah Ibn Mas’ud narrated the Prophet as saying, A person who swears falsely to take possession of Muslim’s property unjustly, shall face the wrath of Allah on the Day of Judgement”. ‘Abdullah added, ‘the Prophet recited the following verse from the holy Qur’an in support of this statement.
{As for those who sell the faith ……….}
The Prophet said,
“A person who usurps the right of a Muslim, by swearing (falsely) will be condemned by Allah the Exalted to the hell and will be derived of Paradise. A man asked, “0 Messenger of Allah! Even if it may be a small thing?” he the Prophet -answered, “Even if it be the (smallest) twig of a bush- tree.”³
Abu Dhar narrated the Prophet say,
“There are three people whom Allah will not talk to on the Day of Judgement, look at, or exonerate, and there is a painful chastisement for them “. They failed and they lost who are these persons, Allah’s apostle?
¹AI-Ghamus oath is the false oath taken by somebody intentionally to mislead and cheat people. So, it dips him into the Fire.
²Reported by AI-Bukhari and Muslim.
³Reported by Muslim.
Upon this the Prophet remarked, “They are the draggers of lower garment, those who remind others of their favors, and the seller of goods by false oath.”¹
The Prophet also said, “The biggest sins are: to join others in worship with Allah, to be undutiful to one’s parents, to kill somebody unlawfully, and to take (a false) oath- “AI-Ghamus”²
Of the forbidden oaths is swearing by other than Allah, such as: the Prophet, the Ka’bah, the angels,heaven, water, life, honesty, souls, the sultan’s life, or his favor, or by someone’s grave.
The Prophet said, “Lo! Allah forbids you to swear by your fathers, so whosoever has to take an oath, he should swear by Allah or keep silent.”³
He said too, “Do not swear by idols, nor by your fathers.”⁴
“Whosoever swears by his honour is not from amongst us.”⁵
“Whosoever takes an oath that if he does such and such act, or he is wrong, he may go out of Islam, then if he should turn out to be a liar he will be as he said (swore) and if he is proved to have spoken the truth then he will not come back to Islam without a stigma.”⁶
Ibn ‘Umar heard a man swearing by K’abah. Thereupon he said to that man, “Do not swear by other than Allah for I have received the Prophet’s words which concluded, “Whosoever swears by other than Allah has indeed disbelieved in Allah and ascribed partners to Him.”⁷
By “disbelieved and ascribed partners to Him.” some interpreters assimilate it as referring to the misdeed of the sin.
The Prophet said, “Hypocrisy stands for polytheism.”⁸
He also said, “A person who takes an oath and swears (by error):” By Lat and “Uzzah”, should at once affirm:” there is no god save Allah.”⁹
Among the newly guided companions of the Prophet were some who spontaneously happened to use
Al-Lat and Al- Uzzah as oaths. To them the Prophet gave a commandment to declare:” There is no god but Allah”, as an expiation for what they have said.
| ¹Reported by Muslim. ²Reported by AI-Bukhari ³Reported by AI-Bukhari. ⁴Reported by Muslim ⁵Reported by Abu Dawud. ⁶Reported by Ibn Majah. ⁷Reported by At- Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud. ⁸Reported by As-Sakhawi in AI-Maqasid AI-Hasanah ⁹Reported by AI-Bukhari and Muslim. |
REFERENCE:
BOOK: “MAJOR SINS” OF IMAM SHAMSU ED-DEEN DHAHABI.
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