18. Bidd’at ki Mumaaniyat [Prohibition of heresies in religion]
[18] بَابٌ فِي النَّهْي عَنِ الْبِدَعِ وَمُحْدَثَاتِ الْأُمُورِ.
18. BIDAAT AUR ( DEEN MEIN ) NAYE NAYE KAMON KE PEDA KARNE KI MOMANAT KA BAYAN
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : ﴿فَمَاذَا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا الضَّلَالُ [يونس : 32]
وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : ﴿ما فَرَّطْنَا فِي الْكِتَابِ مِن شَيْءٍ [الأنعام : 38]
وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : ﴿فَإِن تَنٰزَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ والرَّسُولِ [النِّسَاء : 159]،
أَي : الْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ .
وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : ﴿وَأَنَّ هَذَا صِرَاطِي مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا السُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمْ عَن سَبِيلِهِ. [الأنعام : 153]
وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : ﴿قُلْ إِن كُنتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللَّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ ﴾ [آل عمران : 31] .
وَالْآيَاتُ فِي الْبَابِ كَثِيرَةٌ مَّعْلُومَةٌ .
Allah taala ne farmaya :” pas nahi hai haq ke baad magar gumraahi .
aur Allah taala ne farmaya : ham ne kitaab mein kisi cheez ( ke bayan karne ) mein kotahi se kaam nahi liya.
aur farmaya :” agar tum kisi cheez ki baabat aapas mein ikhtilaaf o nazaa karo to usay Allah aur Rasool ki taraf lota do .
aur farmaya : ” aur be shak yeh hai mera rasta seedha, pas tum is ki pairwi karo aur dosray raastoon ki pairwi mat karo war nah woh tumhen is seedhay rastay se judda kar den ge.”
aur Allah taala ne farmaya : ” ( aye paighambar! ) keh degiye agar tum Allah se mohabbat karte ho to meri pairwi karo, Allah taala tumhen apna mehboob banale ga aur tumhare gunah maaf farmade ga.
aur is baab mein aur bohat si ayaat hain jo ke maloom hain .
و أما الاحاديث فكثيرة جداً ، وهي مشهورة ، فنقتصر على طرف منها:
AUR AHADEES BHI BOHAT ZIYADA HAIN AUR WOH BHI MASHHOOR HAIN. HAM UN MEIN SE CHAND AIK KE BAYAN PAR HI KIFAYAT KAREN GE :
169 ـ عن عائشة ـ رضي الله عنها ـ قالت: قال رسول صلى الله عليه وسلم: (من أحدث في أمرنا هذا ما ليس منه فهو رد) متفق عليه.
و فى رواية لمسلم : (من عمل عملاً ليس عليه أمرنا فهو رد)
(169) Hazrat Aisha (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا) se riwayat hai Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya :” jis ne hamaray is deen ( Islam ) mein apni taraf se koi nai baat ijaad ki jo is mein se nahi to woh mardood hai. ( Bukhari-o-Muslim )
aur Muslim ki aik riwayat mein hai : ” jis ne koi aisa kaam kiya jis ke mutaliq hamara hukum nahi hai to woh mardood hai .
TAKHREEJ :
Sahih ul-Bukhari, As suluh, baab iza istalaho alaa suluh jaur fas suluhi mardood…hadees : 2697,
Sahih Muslim, al aqziyati, baab naqzil ahkaamil baatilah wa radd mohdasaatil umoor..hadees : 1718 wal lafz lahu
FAWAAID WA MASAIL:
1- Is mein aik nihayat ahem zabita aur qaida bayan kiya gaya hai. bad qismati se Musalmanoon ne is hadees ko aur is mein bayan kardah usool aur zaabtay ko koi ahmiyat nahi di jis ka nateeja hai ke Bidaat aam hain balkay asal deen hi Bidaat o rasomaat ko samajh liya gaya hai aur nihayat shadd o mad se un par amal kiya aur karwaya jata hai. is ki wajah aik to jahalat aur deen se be khaberi hai. doosri wajah is zaabtay ka Adam feham hai halaank yeh zabita nihayat wazeh hai jo is hadees se maloom hota hai aur woh yeh ke har woh kaam jisay Neki aur zareya taqarub samajh kar kiya jaye dar-aan ha-liya keh is par par kitaab wa sunnat ki koi Daleel nah ho ya woh nusoos-e-shariat ki is tabeer se mukhtalif ho jo Sahaba wa Tabaeen (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ) nay ki jo Islam ka behtareen daur hai aur khair ul quroon ke taamul ki taied se bhi woh mahroom ho aisay tamam kaam bidat hon ge.
2- kisi kaam ko Neki ya Gunah qarar dainay ka ikhtiyar sirf Allah taala aur us ke Rasool ﷺ ko hai. Neki aur badi ke khud saakhta pemanay muqarrar kar lena Musalmanoon ki nahi balkay Yahoodion ki rawish hai .
170 ـ وعن جابر ـ رضي الله عنه ـ قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إذا خطب احمرت عيناه وعلا صوته، واشتد غضبه، حتى كأنه منذر جيش يقول: (صبحكم ومساكم) ويقول: (بعثت أنا والساعة كهاتين) ويقرن بين إصبعيه؛ السبابة والوسطى، ويقول: (أما بعد؛ فإن خير الحديث كتاب الله، وخير الهدي هدي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، وشر الأمور محدثاتها، وكل بدعة ضلالة) ثم يقول: أنا أولى بكل مؤمن من نفسه من ترك مالاً فلأهله، ومن ترك ديناً أو ضياعاً فإلي وعلي) رواه مسلم.
و عن عرباض بن سارية رضي الله عنه ، حديثه السابق في باب المحافظة على السنة.
[170 ] Hazrat Jabir (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ jab khutba irshad farmatay thay to aap ki ankhen surkh aur aawaz buland ho jati aur aap ka gazabb shadeed ho jata hatta ke aisay ho jatay goya aap ( Dushman ke) kisi lashkar se darane walay hain ke woh lashkar tum par subah ya shaam ko hamla karne wala hai. aur farmatay : main aur qayamat aisay mabuoos kiye gaye hain jaisay yeh do ungelian hain. aur aap apni angisht shahadat aur darmiyani ungli dono ko mila letay ( yani jis terhan un dono unglio ke darmiyan mein koi faasla nahi, isi terhan mere aur qayamat ke darmiyan kisi Nabi ka faasla nahi. ) aur farmatay :” umma baad! yaqeenan behtareen baat Allah ki kitaab hai. aur behtareen rasta Mohammad ( ﷺ ) ka rasta hai. aur bad tareen kaam ( deen mein ) naye peda kardah kaam hain. aur ( aisa ) har naya kaam ( Bidaat ) gumraahi hai. phir farmatay : main har Momin par is ki jaan se bhi ziyada haq rakhta hon ( yani us ke mamlaat mein us se bhi ziyada kher khuwa hon ) jo shakhs maal chode jaye to woh us ke wurasa ke liye hai aur jo Qarz ya mohtaaj ahal o Ayal chode kar mar jaye to ( Qarz ki adaigi ) meri zimma daari aur ( bachon ki nigrani ka fareeza ) mujh par hai. ( Muslim )
Hazrat Irbaz bin Saria (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ki hadees jo is hadees se millti julti hai woh is se pehlay baab ” sunnat ki hifazat mein ( dekhieye, hadees : 158 ) guzar chuki hai.
TAKHREEJ :
Sahih Muslim, al Jumuati, baab takhfeef is salati wal khutbati , Hadees : 867 .
FAWAAID WA MASAIL:
1- Is mein Nabi ﷺ ke andaaz khatabat ka zikar hai aur aap ke wujood graami ko qurb qayamat ki alamat batlaya gaya hai. ilawa azeen kitaab-o-sunnat ki ahmiyat aur Bidaat ki halakat khaizi ke sath Yatimoon aur Zaroorat mandoon ki kifalat ko hukoomat waqt ( beeet almaal ) ki zimma daari batlaya gaya hai kiyun-kay khulafaa hi Rasoolullah ﷺ ke janasheen hain aur jo kaam aap apni zindagi mein karte thay ab wohi kaam un ke zimmay hain.
2- neez logon ke chhodey hue maal ke haq daar maiyat ke wurasa hi hain nah ke koi aur .
REFERENCE:
BOOK: Riyaz us Saliheen(Urdu)
Taleef: Imam Nawawi Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah aur Fawaid: Hafiz Salah Uddin Yusuf.
Chapter 18
Prohibition of heresies in religion
Allah, the Exalted, says:
“So after the truth, what else can there be, save error?”. (10:32)
“We have neglected nothing in the Book”. (6:38)
“(And) if you differ in anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allah and His Messenger (PBUH)”. (4:59)
“And verily, this is My straight path, so follow it, and follow not (other) paths, for they will separate you away from His path”. (6:153)
“Say (O Muhammad (PBUH) to mankind): ‘If you (really) love Allah then follow me (i.e., accept Islamic Monotheism, follow the Qur’an and the Sunnah), Allah will love you and forgive you your sins”. (3:31)
- `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, “If anyone introduces in our matter something which does not belong to it, will be rejected”.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
The narration in Muslim says: “If anybody introduces a practice which is not authenticated by me, it is to be rejected”.
Commentary: This Hadith lays down a very important principle. Unfortunately, Muslims have not attached any importance to this Hadith and the principle given in it with the result that innovations in the Deen have become so common that they have been taken for true Deen; our people act upon them and are made to practice them. One reason for this is their lack of education and ignorance about Deen. The second reason is their lack of understanding of the principle prescribed in this Hadith although it is stated in very explicit terms.
The principle that we learn from this Hadith is that every such action or activity is innovation which is done as a virtue and to gain the Pleasure of Allah but is not consonant with the teachings of the Qur’an and Sunnah, or which does not agree with the interpretation of the Nuss (text) given by the Companions of the Prophet (PBUH) or their successors (Tabi`un). The reason being that the period of the Companions and the Tabi`un is the Khair-ul-Qurun (the best of all generations). Thus any action or activity that is deprived of the support of these generations falls in the category of heresies.
- Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) delivered a Khutbah, his eyes would become red, his tone loud and he showed anger as if he were warning us against an army. He (PBUH) would say, “The enemy is about to attack you in the morning and the enemy is advancing against you in the evening”. He would further say, “I am sent with the final Hour like these two fingers of mine.” Messenger of Allah (PBUH) held up his index finger and the middle finger together to illustrate. He used to add: “To proceed, the best speech is the Book of Allah and the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad (PBUH), the worst practice is the introduction of new practices in Islam and every Bid`ah is a misguidance”. He would also say, “I am, in respect of rights, nearer to every believer than his own self. He who leaves an estate, it belongs to his heirs, and he who leaves a debt, it is my responsibility to pay it off.” [Muslim]. Same Hadith as reported by `Irbad bin Sariyah (May Allah be pleased with him) has already been recorded in the previous chapter regarding safeguarding the Sunnah of the Prophet (PBUH).
(See Hadith number 158)
Commentary:
- This Hadith mentions the style of the speech of the Prophet (PBUH). His auspicious presence is regarded in it as a sign of the nearness of the Day of Resurrection.
- It emphasizes the importance of the Qur’an and the Sunnah and brings into focus the destruction caused by Bid`ah in Deen.
- It clearly lays down that the orphans and the needy are the liability of the government/Bait-ul-Mal (public exchequer). The reason being that the caliphs were the successors of the Prophet (PBUH) and the work which was done by him in his lifetime was after him their responsibility.
- The rightful owners of the deceased are their heirs and none else.
REFERENCE:
BOOK: Riyadh ul Saaliheen