19. Jo koi Naiki ya Burai ki Jaari kare [Heretics doing desirable or undesirable deeds]
[19] باب فيمن سنّ سنّة حسنة أو سيّئة
19. US SHAKHS KA BAYAN JO KOI ACHHA YA BURA TAREEQA JARI KERE
قال الله تعالى: وَالَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا هَبْ لَنَا مِنْ أَزْوَاجِنَا وَذُرِّيَّاتِنَا قُرَّةَ أَعْيُنٍ وَاجْعَلْنَا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ إِمَامًا. [الفرقان: 74]
قال الله تعالى: وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا [الأنبياء: 73]
Allah taala ne farmaya :” aur woh ( Allah ke bande hain ) jo kehte hain ke ae hamaray Rab! hamein aisi biwiyan aur aulaad ataa kar jo aankhon ki thandak hon aur hamein Muttaqiyoon ke liye peshwa bana.
aur Allah taala ne farmaya : ” aur banaya ham ne unhein peshwa woh hamaray hukum ke sath logon ki rahnumai karte hain .
171 ـ عن أبي عمرو، جرير بن عبد الله ـ رضي الله عنه ـ قال: كنا في صدر النهار عند رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فجاءه قوم عراة مجتابي النمار، أو العباء، متقلدي السيوف، عامتهم من مضر، بل كلهم من مضر: فتمعر وجه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لما رأى بهم من الفاقة: فدخل ثم خرج، فأمر بلالاً فأذن وأقام، فصلى ثم خطب، فقال: (يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ) إلى آخر الآية: (إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ رَقِيباً) (النساء: 1) ، والآية الأخرى التي في آخر الحشر: (يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَلْتَنْظُرْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ لِغَدٍ) (الحشر: 18) (تصدق رجل من ديناره، من درهمه، من ثوبه، من صاع بره، من صاع تمره)، حتى قال: (ولو بشق تمرة) فجاء، رجل من الأنصار بصرة كادت كفه تعجز عنها، بل قد عجزت، ثم تتابع الناس حتى رأيت كومين من طعام وثياب، حتى رأيت وجه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يتهلل، كأنه مذهبة؛ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: (من سن في الإسلام سنة حسنة فله أجرها، وأجر من عمل بها من بعده من غير أن ينقص من أجورهم شيء، ومن سن في الإسلام سنة سيئة كان عليه وزرها ووزر من عمل بها من بعده من غير أن ينقص من أوزارهم شيء) . رواه مسلم.
قوله (مجتابى النمار) هو بالجيم وبعد الألف باء موحده، (والنمار): جمع نمرة، وهي: كساء من صوف مخطط، ومعنى (مجتابيها) أي: لابسيها قد خرقوها في رؤوسهم (والجوب) : القطع ومنه قوله تعالى: (وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ) (الفجر: 9) ، أي: نحتوه وقطعوه. وقوله (تمعر) هو بالعين المهملة، أي تغير، وقوله: (رأيت كومين) بفتح الكاف وضمها؛ أي صبرتين. وقوله: (كأنه مذهبة) هو بالذال المعجمة، وفتح الهاء والباء الموحدة. قاله القاضي عياض وغيره. وصحفه بعضهم فقال: (مدهنة) بدال مهملة وضم الهاء والنون، وكذا ضبطه الحميدي، والصحيح المشهور هو الأول. والمراد به على الوجهين: الصفاء والاستنارة.
(171) Hazrat Abu Amr Jarir bin Abdullah (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) riwayat karte hain ke ham din ke shuru mein Rasoolullah ﷺ ke paas thay ke aap ke paas kuchh aisay log aaye jo nangay badan thay, oon ki dahari daar chaadrein ya kambal daaley hue thay aur gardnon mein talwarein latkaaye hue thay. un ki aksariyat Muzar qabeeley se balkay saaray hi Muzar se thay. jab Rasoolullah ﷺ ne un ki faqa zadgi ka mushahida farmaya to aap ka chahra, mutaghayyar ho gaya aap ( ghar ke ) andar tashreef le gaye aur phir bahar aagaye. bilal (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ko hukum diya to unhon ne azaan di, phir ( jab log namaz ke liye jama ho gaye to ) takbeer kahi aur aap ne namaz padhai, phir logon se khitaab farmaya. us mein aap ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya :” logo! apne us Rab se daro jis ny tumhen aik jaan se peda kiya aakhir aayat yani (رَقِيبًا) tak. aap ny yeh aayat talawat farmai. is ke baad surah hashir ki aayat
( يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا……)
aye imaan walo! Allah se daro aur ( har ) nafs ko chahiye ke us ny kal ( qayamat ) ke liye jo agay bheja hai, usay dekhe. (is ke baad aap ny sadqa o khairaat ki targheeb di, farmaya : ” har aadmi ko chahiye ke sadqa kere apne dinar o darham ka, apne kapday ka, gandum ke saae ka, khajoor ke saae ka” ( صاع saae aik piymanah tha, dhayi kilo ka ) hatta ke farmaya : ” go khajoor ka aik tukda hi ho ( yani thoda ya ziyada, jis ko jitni tofeq ho, sadqa kere ). chunanchay Ansar mein se aik aadmi aik theli le kar aaya ( jo itni bhaari thi ke ) us ki hatheli usay uthany se aajiz aa rahi thi balkay aajiz ho chuki thi. phir log ( le le kar ) pey dar pey atay rahay yahan taq ke mein ny do dhair dekhe : aik samaan khoraak ka aur dosra kapdon ka. aur main ny Rasoolullah ﷺ ko dekha to aap ka chehra anwar is terhan chamak raha tha goya ke woh sonay ka tukda hai. phir Rasoolullah ﷺ ny farmaya : ” jis ny islam mein koi achha tareeqa jari kiya to us ke liye us ka apna ajar aur un tamam logon ka ajar hoga jo us ke baad us par amal karen gaye baghair is ke ke un ke ajroon mein koi kami ki jaye. aur jis ny islam mein koi bura tareeqa jari kiya to us par us ke apne gunah ka boojh aur un tamam logon ke gunaaho ka boojh ho ga jo us par us ke baad amal karen ge baghair is ke ke un ke guna’hon ke boojh mein koi kami ki jaye. ( Muslim )
مجتابی النمار :
” jeem” ke sath aur” alif” ke baad ba. aur
نمار، نمر:
ki jama hai, oon ki dahari daar chadarein.
مجتابیها
ke maienay hain : unhein pahannay walay. unhon ny woh chadrin ya khalin darmain se phaad kar sar se guzaar kar pehan rakhi theen ( yani itni chhoti theen ke nah qamees ban sakti thi nah laiptee ja sakti theen. job ke maienay hain: kannta, tukde karna. issi se Allah taala ka yeh qaul hai :
( وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ )
aur smod ke sath, jinhon ne waadi mein chatanoo ko tarasha aur kaata
تمعّر :
” aeein ke sath. mutaghayyar ho gaya.
کومین :
” kaaf” par zabar aur paish ( dono terhan sahih hai : ) do dhair.
مذهبة :
” Zall” aur “haa” aur “ba muwahidah” par zabar ke sath. Qaazi Ayyaz waghera ne usay is terhan zabt kiya hai. baaz ny is mein tabdeeli ki hai. unhon ny usay
مدهنة
banaya hai. “daal muh’malah”, “ba” par paish aur “noon” ke sath. isi terhan Imam Humaidi (رحمہ الله) ne bhi zabt kiya hai. aur Sahih aur Mashhoor pehla hai. dono sooraton mein morad chehra Mubarak ki safayi aur chamak damak hai .
TAKHREEJ :
Sahih Muslim, az-Zakat, baab al hassi alas sadqat wa Law bishik tamaratin awo bi kalimatin tayibatin…. hadees 1017 .
FAWAAID WA MASAIL:
1- Baaz log
(من سن في الإسلام سنة حسنة)
ke alfaaz se Bidaat hasna ka jawaz kasheed karte hain aur yoon Bidaat ki do qismain bayan karte hain :
حسنة سيئة:
hasanah aur sayyiah. lekin yeh sahih nahi hai. Bidaat koi bhi ho woh hasanah nahi ho sakti. Bidaat hamesha buri hi ho gi is liye ke Bidaat saazi dar asal Shariat saazi hai jis ka haq kisi Insaan ko nahi hai. Shariat saazi ka tamam tar ikhtiyar sirf Allah hi ko haasil hai. wohi asal shaarie hai aur Is ke hukum aur ijazat se paighambar logon ko ehkaam Shariat batlata hai. yeh haq Allah ne Payghambaroon ko bhi nahi diya, chay jayik_h kisi sahib qubba wa jubba ko yeh haq haasil ho.
2- Is hadees ka matlab sirf yeh hai ke jo cheez Islam mein mashroou aur jaaiz hai us par amal karne aur usay farogh dainay ke liye jo shakhs koi naya tareeqa ikhtiyar kere ga jisay baad mein dosray log bhi ikhtiyar kar len to usay apne amal hasan ka sawab to miley ga hi un logon ka sawab bhi miley ga jo us tareeqay ko ikhtiyar kar ke woh amal Saleh karen ge. lekin jis cheez ka siray se koi saboot hi Shariat mein nah ho us ka koi bhi tareeqa ikhtiyar kiya jaye woh har soorat mein sayyiah hai woh hasana nahi ho sakta. hadees ke jo deegar fawaid hain woh wazeh hain .
RAVI HADEES :
[ HAZRAT ABU AMR JARIR BIN ABDULLAH (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) ]: Jarir bin Abdullah bin Jabir. un ki kuniat Abu Amr hai. qabeela Bajeelah ki taraf mansoob honay ki bina par Al-Bajali kehlate hain. Nabi ﷺ ki wafaat se 40 din pehlay Musharraf ba-islam hue .
bohat Hasseen-o-Jameel thay. un ko is ummat ke Yousuf ka laqab diya gaya. Nabi ﷺ ne un ki aa’mad par kapda bichhaya. un ko Zul khaslah buut ke inhedam ke liye bheja to yeh kamyaab o Kamraan palte. daur Nabawi hi mein unhein Yemen par Aamil muqarrar kiya gaya. yeh kaha karte thay ke jab se main ne Islam qubool kiya hai us waqt se mujhe Nabi ﷺ ne apne deedar se kabhi mahroom nahi rakha aur hamesha muskura kar dekha. jang Qadsiyah mein un ko fauj ke Maiminah par mutayyan kiya gaya. Madayin ki fatah ke mauqye par haazir thay. un ke jootay ka size aik haath ke barabar tha. 51, 52 ya 54 hijri mein wafaat payi .
172- وعن ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: “ليس من نفس تقتل ظلماً إلا كان على ابن آدم الأول كفل من دمها لأنه كان أول من سن القتل” ((متفق عليه)) .
[ 172 ] Hazrat Ibn Masood (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) se riwayat hai ke Nabi kareem ( ﷺ ) ne farmaya : ” jo jaan bhi zulm se qatal ki jati hai to aadam Aleem ke pehlay betay ( Qabeel ) par us ke khoon na-haq ka aik hissa ho ga, is liye ke wohi woh pehla shakhs hai jis ne qatal na-haq ka tareeqa jari kiya. ( Bukhari-o-Muslim )
TAKHREEJ:
Sahih ul-Bukhari, ahadees ul Anbiya, bab khlq aadam wa zurriyat, Hadees : 3335, Sahih Muslim : Al qisaati wal Muharibeen wal qisaas wa-d diyyat, bab bayaan ism man sanna alqatil,Hadees : 1677 .
FAAIDAH :
Is se andaza kiya ja sakta hai ke khilaaf Shariat aur buray kamon ko pehlay pehal karna jis ki baad mein log taqleed karen kitna bada jurm hai ke qayamat tak us kaam ke karne ka gunah usay bhi milta rahay ga is liye aman o salamti isi mein hai ke insaan sirf itebaa kere aur ibtidaae se ijtinab kare, yani Rasoolullah ﷺ ki pairwi kere Bidaat Eijaad nah kere .
REFERENCE:
BOOK: Riyaz us Saliheen(Urdu)
Taleef: Imam Nawawi Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah aur Fawaid: Hafiz Salah Uddin Yusuf.
Chapter 19
Heretics doing desirable or undesirable deeds
Allah, the Exalted, says:
“And those who say: `Our Rubb! Bestow on us from our wives and our offspring the comfort of our eyes, and make us leaders of the Muttaqun (the pious)”. (25:74)
“And We made them leaders, guiding (mankind) by Our Command”. (21:73)
- Jarir bin `Abdullah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were with Messenger of Allah (PBUH) shortly after dawn when there came to him some people clad in woollen rags, or covered with sleeveless blankets; and with swords hanging down from their necks. Most of them rather, all of them, belonged to the Mudar tribe. The face of the Prophet (PBUH) changed when he saw them starving. Then he went into his house and came out; then he commanded Bilal (May Allah be pleased with him) to proclaim Adhan (call to prayers). So he proclaimed Adhan and recited Iqamah and the Prophet (PBUH) led the Salat. Then he delivered a Khutbah saying, “O mankind! Be dutiful to your Rubb, Who created you from a single person (Adam), and from him (Adam) He created his wife (Eve), and from them both He created many men and women; and fear Allah through Whom you demand your (natural) rights, and do not sever the relations of kinship. Surely, Allah is Ever an All-Watcher over you.” (4:1) He also recited the Ayah which is in the end of Surat Al-Hashr: “O you who believe! Fear Allah and keep your duty to Him. And let every one look what he has sent forth for the tomorrow”. (59:18). Thereafter, every man gave in charity Dinar, Dirham, clothes, measure-fulls of wheat and measure-fulls of dates till he said: “(Give in charity) be it half a date”. Then a man of the Ansar came with a bag which was difficult for him to hold in his hand. Thereafter, the people came successively (with charity) till I saw two heaps of food and clothes. I noticed that the face of Messenger of Allah (PBUH) was glowing like that of the bright moon or glittering gold. Then he (PBUH) said, “Whosoever introduces a good practice in Islam, there is for him its reward and the reward of those who act upon it after him without anything being diminished from their rewards. And whosoever introduces an evil practice in Islam, will shoulder its sin and the sins of all those who will act upon it, without diminishing in any way their burden”
[Muslim].
Commentary:
- Some people try to deduce a proof for good innovations from the words: “Mun sana’ fi Al- islam sunah hasanah”. Whosoever introduces a good practice in Islam.
Thus they classify innovations Bid`ah into two categories, namely good innovations and bad innovations. But this is wrong. No innovation can be good. It is always bad because it amounts to inventing Shar`iah which no one has the right to do. Constitution of Shar`iah is the exclusive Right of Allah Alone. It is He who constitutes the Shar`iah and it is on His behest that His Prophets convey it to the people. Not to speak of scholars and others.
- What this Hadith makes abundantly clear is that anyone who tries to find new ways and means to preach and practice Islamic Shar`iah, which are later on adopted by other people also, would not only get the reward of doing so but he will also be rewarded for the endeavours of those who will after him continue them and perform good deeds. But anything of which we do not find any trace in Shar`iah is bad. It cannot be good in any case, no matter what means are adopted for this purpose.
- Other benefits of this Hadith are self-evident and do not need further elaboration.
- Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said, “The first son of Adam* takes a share of the guilt of every one who murders another wrongfully because he was the initiator of committing murder”.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
* The son of Adam in the Hadith is said to be Qabil. Allah tells us about his story in Surat Al-Ma’idah (The Table spread with Food). Verses 27-31.
Commentary: This Hadith gives us an idea how serious is the crime of initiating an evil which is followed by others. One who initiates an evil would be sinful for all those who follow him in that crime till the Day of Resurrection. The safest course, therefore, is that one should abstain from heresy and stick to obedience only.
REFERENCE:
BOOK: Riyadh ul Saaliheen