08. Maan ki wiraasat.
Maan ki wiraasat
Agar kisi aurat ka Beta ya Beti faut ho jaye to woh (Maan) un ki jaedaad ki waaris hoti hai.
✦ Meeraas mein Mayyat ki Maan ki teen halatein hain:
✯ Pehli haalat: Maan jaedaad kay aik tihai (1/3) hissay ki waaris hoti hai. Jab Mayyat ki koi aulaad (Beta, Beti, Pota, Poti) mujood nah ho. Aur Mayyat kay do ya do say zayada Bhai, Behan ya aik Bhai aur aik Behan mujood nah hon. Chahay woh A’ini hon ya Al’lati ya Akhiyaafi ya mukhtalit hon.
Misaal: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya. Aur apni Maan aur Chacha ko zindah chodha. Ya apni Maan aur aik Bhai ko zindah chodha.
Hal: In donon misaalon mein Maan ko (1/3) milay ga aur baqi Chacha ya Bhai Bator-e-Asabah lay ga. Asal masla (3) hai. Maan ko (1) mila aur baqi (2) Chacha ya Bhai lay ga.
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3 |
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1/3 |
Maan |
1 |
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ع |
Chacha ya Bhai Ain |
2 |
✯ Doosri haalat: Maan ko chata hissa (1/6) milay ga. Jab Maan kay hamrah Mayyat ki koi aulaad mujood ho ya Mayyat kay do Bhai ya do Behnein ya aik Bhai aur aik Behan mujood ho. Chahay woh waaris hon ya kisi wajah say wiraasat say mahroom hon.
Misaal 1: Aik shakhs faut ho gaya. Apni Maan aur Beta ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Maan ko Betay ki mujoodgi ki wajah say (1/6) milay ga. Aur baqi jaedaad Beta Bator-e-Asabah lay ga. Asal masla (6) hai. Maan ko (1) mila aur baqi (5) hissay Beta lay ga.
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6 |
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1/6 |
Maan |
1 |
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ع |
Beta Ain |
5 |
Misaal 2: Aik shakhs faut ho gaya aur apni Maan aur do Aini Bhai zindah chodhy.
Hal: Maan ko (1/6) milay ga aur baqi donon Bhai Bator-e-Asabah lein gay. Asal masla (6) hai. Maan ko (1) mila. Aur baqi (5) donon Bhai lein gay.
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6 |
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1/6 |
Maan |
1 |
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ع |
2 Bhai Ain |
5 |
✯ Teesri haalat: Maan ko Sulus-ul-Baqi (1/3 Al-Baqi) milta hai yeh sirf do maslon mein milta hai jinhein Umariyytain kehtay hain. (1) Khaawand, Maan aur Baap (2) Biwi, Maan aur Baap, In donon maslon mein Khaawand aur Biwi ko un ka hissa dainay kay baad jo hissay bachtay hain un ka sulus (1/3) Maan ko diya jaaye ga phir us kay baad jo baqi bachay ga usay Baap Bator-e-Asabah lay ga, Bashart yeh keh un donon maslon mein, Beta, Beti ya (aik say zayada Behan Bhai) mujood nah hon.
Misaal 1: Aik aurat faut ho gai. Apna Khaawand, Maan aur Baap ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Khaawand ko (1/2) milay ga. Maan ko (1/3 Al-Baqi) aur baaqi Baap Bator-e-Asabah lay ga. Asal masla (6) hai Khaawand ko (3) milay, Maan ko (1) baqi (2) Baap Bator-e-Asabah lay ga.
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6 |
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1/2 |
Khaawand |
3 |
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1/3 baaqi |
Maan |
1 |
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ع |
Baap |
2 |
Misaal 2: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya. Apni Biwi, Maan aur Baap ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Biwi ko (1/4) milay ga. Maan ko (1/3 Al-Baqi ) aur baqi Baap Bator-e-Asabah lay ga. Asal masla (12) hai Biwi ko (3) milay. Maan ko (3) aur baqi (6) Baap lay ga.
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12 |
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1/4 |
Biwi |
3 |
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1/4 |
Maan |
3 |
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ع |
Baap |
6 |
✦ Maan ki wiraasat ki daleelein:
❁ Pehli aur doosri haalat ki Daleel:
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلِأَبَوَيۡهِ لِكُلِّ وَٲحِدٍ مِّنۡہُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُ ۥ وَلَدٌۚ فَإِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّهُ ۥ وَلَدٌ وَوَرِثَهُ ۥۤ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلثُّلُثُۚ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُ ۥۤ إِخۡوَةٌ۬ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلسُّدُسُ (سورة النساء :4/11)
❁ Teesri haalat ki Daleel:_
Ameer-ul-Momineen Sayyiduna Umar bin Al-Khattab رضی اللہ عنہ kay Ahad-e-Khilaafat mein aik aurat faut ho gai, Us nay apna Khaawand, Maan aur Baap ko zindah chodha. Qaiday ki ro say is ka hal yeh tha keh Khaawand (1/2) leta Maan (1/3) aur jo baqi bachta usay Baap leta. Is ka asal masla (6) hai. Khaawand ko (3) mlitay Maan ko (2) aur baqi (1) Baap Bator-e-Asabah leta. Is taqseem say Maan ko Baap say dugna mila hai. Baap nay Ameer-ul-Momineen say shikaayat ki keh Maan jo kay meri Biwi hai usay mujh say dugna kaisay mila. Aur kaha keh kisi haalat mein bhi Biwi ko Khaawand say dugna nahi milta. Balkeh is kay bar’aks Khaawand hameesha dugna leta hai. Doosri yeh baat keh agar hum donon (Maan, Baap) akeelay hi Mayyat kay waaris hotay to quran ki ro say Maan ko (1/3) milta aur baqi (2/3) mujhay mlitay. Is liye mazkoorah taqseem sahih nahi hai mujhay mera haq milna chahiye, Sayyiduna Umar رضی اللہ عنہ kay kehnay par Sayyiduna Zaid bin saabit رضی اللہ عنہ nay masla ka hal yun nikala kay ham Khaawand ko pehlay us ka hissa (1/2) day detay hain aur jo jaedaad baqi bachay gi us mein say Maan ko (1) detay hain aur jo baqi bachay ga Baap lay ga. Chunancha Baap is taqseem par raazi ho gaya.
Dar haqeeqat pehlay maslay (Khaawand, Maan aur Baap) mein Maan ko (1/6) chata hissa milta hai aur dosray masla (Biwi, Maan, Baap) mein Maan ko (1/4) choutha hissa milta hai, Maan bhi is taqseem par raazi hogai kiunkeh usay Maan kay roop mein baaz auqaat chhata hissa (1/6) milta hai aur kabhi Biwi kay roop mein (1/4) bhi milta hai.
In donon maslon ko Al-Mas’alatain Al Umariyyatain (المسئلتین العمریتین) kaha jata hai kiunkeh yeh Umar رضی اللہ عنہ kay Ahad-e-Khilafat mein waaqe hue thay. Is tarhan inhein mas’alatain gharaawiyyain (مسئلتین غرواین) bhi kehtay hain. Kiunkeh yeh sitaaron ki Maand roshan aur mashoor hain.
REFERENCE:
Book: “Islam Ka Qanoon-e-Warasaat”
By Salah Uddin Haider Lakhwi.