Halat-e-Zindagi Ibn Kathir (رحمه الله)

 

Mukhtasar Haalaat-e-Zindagi

Mofassir-e-Azeem , Mohaddith-e-Kabeer , 
Mo’arrikh-e-Shaheer Haafiz Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah)

Az : Abu Abdullah Mohammad Abdul Jabbaar

 

 

➤  Naam-o-Nasab

 

Aap Ka Naam : Ismaa’eel

Kunniyat : Ab-ul-Fidaa

Aur Laqab : Emaad-ud-Deen hai, Ibn-e-Katheer ke urf se mash’hoor hain.

Silsilah-e-Nasab Yun Hai : Ismaa’eel bin Umar bin Katheer bin Zoo’u bin Katheer bin Zara Al-Busrawi, Ad-dimashqui.

 

➤ Welaadat Aur Taaleem-o-Tarbiya

 

Aap (Rahimahullah) ki paidaaish 701 hijri (1302 eiswi) mein Mijdal basti mein huwi. Yeh basti Mulk-e-Shaam ke mash’hoor sheher Busra ke atraaf mein waaqay hai. Aap aik mo’azziz aur ilmi khaandaan ke chashm-o-cheraagh the. Aap ke waalid-e-maajid Sheikh Abu Hafs, Shahab-ud-deen Umar is basti ke khateeb the. Abhi aap ne umar ki sirf chaar bahaarein hi dekhi thin keh Waalid ke saaya-e-shafqat se mahroom ho gaye to aap ke Bhai Sheikh Abdul Wahaab ne aap ki parwarish-o-taaleem-o-tarbiyat ka bera uthaaya jo khud bhi aik jayyed aalim-e-deen aur mumtaaz faqeeh the, phir jab aap ki umar paanch (5) baras huwi to 706 hijri mein bhai ke saath dimashq muntaqil ho gaye aur yahin pale barhe aur taaleem-o-tarbiyat haasil ki.

1. “Al-Busrawi” ya “Al-Busari” aur “Ad-dimashqui” do (2) nisbaten paidaaish aur taaleem-o-tarbiyat ke aitebaar se hain. Chunkeh aap ki paidaaish “Busra” ke ilaaqe mein huwi is liye “Al-Busrawi” ya “Al-Busari” kahlaaye. Aur kam sini hi mein biraader buzurg ke hamraah Dimashq muntaqil ho gaye the aur wahin taaleem-o-tarbiyat haasil ki, Is liye taaleem-o-tarbiyat ki nisbat ke aitebaar se “Ad-dimashqui” kahlaaye.

Dekhiye Al-baa’is-ul-Hatheeth, Saad : 23

 

➤ Asaatizah-o-Mashaaikh

 

Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ne bahut se asaatizah se kasab-e-faiz kiya lekin shuroo mein aap ne ibtedaayi feqah ki taaleem apne bare bhai se haasil ki. Us bhai ke baabat aap farmaate hain: 

“Hamaara bara bhai hamaare saath nehaayat meherbaani, mohabbat aur shafqat waala bartaao kiya karta tha.”

Ba’ad azan unhon ne mukhtalif uloom-o-funoon mein dastaras rakhne waale mota’adad mashaaheer-e-waqat asaatizah aur shuyookh ke saamne zaanwa-e-talmizatuh kiye jin mein se chand aik ke naam darj-e-zail hain :

Burhaan-ud-Deen Ibraheem bin Abd-ur-Rahman Fazaari, Al-Mutawaffa 729 hijri (Rahimahullah). Yeh Ibn-ul-Farkaah ke naam se mashhoor hain.

Shaam ke Jaleel-ul-Qadar Aalim aur mash’hoor Moa’arikh Bahaa-ud-Deen Al-Qaasim bin Muzaffar bin An-Najm Mahmood bin Taaj-ul-Umna Ibn-e-Asaakar Al-Mutawaffa 723 hijri (Rahimahullah).

Dimashq mein Eisaa bin Al-Mut’em (Rahimahullah) se simaa kiya .

Mohammad bin Zarraad (Rahimahullah) se hadith ka simaa kiya .

Emaad-ud-Deen Mohammad bin Al-Sheeraazi, Al-Mutawaffa 749 hijri 
(Rahimahullah).

Afeef-ud-Deen bin Yahya Al-Aamidi, Al-Mutawaffa 725 hijri (Rahimahullah). Yeh zaahiriyon ke sheikh girdaane jaate hain.

Haafiz Ab-ul-Hajjaaj Jemaal-ud-Deen Yousuf bin Abd-ur-Rahman bin Yousuf Al-Qaazi Al-Kalbi Ad-dimashqui Al-Mizzi, Al-Mutawaffa 742 hijri (Rahimahullah).

Sheikh-ul-Islaam Taqi-ud-Deen Ahmad bin Taimiyah Al-Harraani Al-Mutawaffa 728 hijri (Rahimahullah).

As-Sheikh Al-Imaam Al-Haafiz Al-Mo’arrikh Shams-ud-deen Mohammad bin Ahmad bin Usmaan Az-Zahbi, Al-Mutawaffa 748 hijri (Rahimahullah).

In asaateen-e-ilm ke ilawah kayi jaleel-ul-qadr ulamaa ne Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ko apni rewaayaat bayaan karne ki ijaazat bhi di thi, mathalan: Abu Moosa Al-Qaraafi Al-Husaini , Ab-ul-Fatah Ad-Daboosi, Ali bin Umar Al-waani aur Yousuf Al-Khutni waghairah(Rahimahumullah). Us zamaane mein dastoor tha keh jab koi taalib-e-ilm kisi fan mein dastaras aur kamaal haasil kar leta to woh us fan ki koi mukhtasar si kitaab hifz karta, chunaancheh is dastoor ke motaabiq aap ne bhi Sheikh Abu Is’haaq Sheeraazi Al-Mutawaffa 476 hijri (Rahimahullah) ki feqah mein kitaab “At-Tanbeeh Fee Furoo’u-sh-Shaafieiyah” zabaani yaad kar ke 18 saal ki umar mein sunaadi. Issi tarah Usool-e-feqah mein Allaama Ibn-e-Haajib Maaliki Al-Mutawaffa 646 hijri (Rahimahullah) ki “Mukhtasar” ko hifz kiya. kutub-e-usool aap ne “Mukhtasar ibn Haajib” ke shaarih Allaama Shams-ud-deen Mahmood bin Abd-ur-Rahman  As-Fahaani Al-Mutawaffa 749 hijri (Rahimahullah) se parhin .

Imaam Suyooti (Rahimahullah) (Zail Tazkirat-ul-Huffaaz : 5/238, 239 mein) raqamtaraaz hain :

“Aap ne hajjaar aur is tabqe ke ahl-e-ilm se simaa-e-(Hadith) kiya.” Saabiqah sutoor mein hajjaar ke hum tabqa ulama mein se kayi mashaaheer ka zikr ho chuka hai.

Mazkoora tamaam ahl-e-ilm-o-fazal mein se sab se ziyadah jis saahib-e-ilm-o-kamaal sheikh se aap ne khosha cheeni ki woh hain asmaa-ur-rijaal ki shahra afaaq kitaab “Tahzeeb-ul-Kamaal” ke jaleel-ul-qadr mosannif, mohaddis-e-shaam Haafiz Jamaal-ud-Deen Mizzi (Rahimahullah).

Imaam Suyooti (Rahimahullah) (Zail Tazkirat-ul-Huffaaz: 5 / 239 mein) likhte hain :

“Unhon ne Sheikh Mizzi (Rahimahullah) (Ke zair-e-tarbiyat rah kar un) se ilm haasil kiya , arsaa-e-daraaz tak un ke paas rahe aur apne tamaam saathiyon se faayiq ho gaye.”

Maaya Naaz Mosannif Sheikh Ahmad Mohammad Shaakir Misri (Rahimahullah) farmaate hain: 

“Sheikh Jamaal-ud-Deen Yousuf bin Az-zakki Al-Mizzi (742hijri) Saahib-e-Tahzeeb-ul-Kamaal se taweel arse tak kasab-e-faiz kiya, un se mustafeed huwe, faazil bane aur unhin ki lakht-e-jigar aap ke hibaala-e-aqd mein aayein.” (Al-baa’is-ul-Hatheeth , page no: 24)

Tahzeeb-ul-Kamaal se taweel arse tak kasab-e-faiz kiya, un se mustafeed huwe, faazil bane aur unhin ki lakht-e-jigar aap ke hibaala-e-aqd mein aayein.” (Al-baa’is-ul-Hatheeth , page no: 24)

Phir “Tahzeeb-ul-Kamaal” jaise azeem-us-shaan mutawwal kitaab ka simaa bhi unhin se kiya. Arsaa-e-daraaz tak Sheikh Mizzi (Rahimahullah) ki khidmat aur sohbat mein rah kar apni ilmi piyaas bujhaai aur kitaab-o-sunnat ke is chashma-e-saafi se khoob khoob sair huwe.

Imam Ibn-e-Kathir ko Sheikh-ul-Islam Imam Ibn-e-Taimiyah (Rahimahulla) ke saath qurbat aur musaahebat ka nehaayat khusoosi ta’alluq tha, jisne aapki zindagi par ghahre nukoosh morattab kiye. Ye khusoosi ta’alluq aapki ilmi aur amali zindagi par bahut ziyada asar andaaz huwa. Yehi wajah hai ke aap bhi aise masaa’il mei Imaam Ibn-e-Taimiyah (Rahimahullah) se mota’assir the jin mei imaam saahab jamhoor aslaaf se mutafarrid hain. Is binaa par aap aazmaaish mei mubtalaah kiye gaye aur sataaye gaye.

ke saath qurbat aur musaahebat ka nehaayat khusoosi ta’alluq tha, jisne aapki zindagi par ghahre nukoosh morattab kiye. Ye khusoosi ta’alluq aapki ilmi aur amali zindagi par bahut ziyada asar andaaz huwa. Yehi wajah hai ke aap bhi aise masaa’il mei Imaam Ibn-e-Taimiyah (Rahimahullah) se mota’assir the jin mei imaam saahab jamhoor aslaaf se mutafarrid hain. Is binaa par aap aazmaaish mei mubtalaah kiye gaye aur sataaye gaye.

 

➤ Mashaaheer Ahl-e-Ilm ka Kharaaj-e-Tahseen

 

Sheikh Ahmad Mohammad Shaakir Misri (Rahimahullah) (Al-baa’is-ul-Hatheth, page no:  24 par) yun raqam taraaz hain :

“Unhon ne Sheikh-ul-Islaam Ibn-e-Taimiyah (Rahimahullah) se bahut kuch parha, lamba arsa un ki shaagirdi aur sohbat mein rahe, un se bahut mohabbat ki aur un ke uloom-o-funoon se bara faaida uthaaya.”

Issi tarah mash’hoor mo’arrikh Haafiz Shams-ud-deen Az-Zahbi (Rahimahullah) se bhi bahut kuch haasil kiya.

Haafiz Zahbi (Rahimahullah) “Al-Mojam-ul-Mukhtas” mein apne Azeem Shaagird-e-Rasheed Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ke mota’alliq raqamtaraaz hain:

“Woh Imaam , Mufti , Mohaddith, Nehaayat Baa kamaal , Gona go ausaaf ke maalik , Faqeeh aur Mofassir-e-Qur’an the aur un ki kutub bahut mufeed hain. (Ad-durar-ul-Kaaminah : 1/373, 374)

Iqleem-e-hadith ke taajidaar Haafiz Ibn-e-Hajar (Rahimahullah) apni kitaab “Ad-durar-ul-Kaaminah: 1/373, 374” mein Ibn-e-Katheer  (Rahimahullah) ki baabat likhte hain: 

“Woh rijaal-e-hadith aur mutoon-e-hadith ke muta’ala mein mashghool
rahe…aur un ka istehzaar balaa ka tha, nehaayat hans mukh aur khush tabaa the. Un ki tasaaneef un ki zindagi hi mein door daraaz tak pahunch chuki thin aur logon ne un ki wafaat ke ba’ad bhi un ki kutub se bahut faaida uthaaya.”

Aakhir mein farmaate hain: 

“Un ka shumaar to foqahaa-e-mohadditheen mein hota tha.”

Al-Mo’arrikh-us-Shaheer Ab-ul-Mahaasin Jemaal-ud-Deen Yousuf bin Saif-ud-Deen Al-Maaroof ba Ibn-e-Taghri Burdi Hanafi (Rahimahullah) apni kitaab “Al-Minhal-us-Saafi Wal-Mustaufa ba’ad-al-Waafi” mein tahreer karte hain:

“Bahr-e-be kiraan Imaam Ab-ul-Fidaa Emaad-ud-Deen (Rahimahullah) ne ilm aur muta’ala-e-hadith ko apna aurhna bichona banaaye rakha. Yeh aadat un ki fitrat-e-saaniyah ban gayi. Unhon ne ilm haasil kiya, likha aur feqah, tafseer aur hadith mein mumtaaz moqaam par faaiz huwe. Unhon ne bahut se asaatizah se bahut sa ilm jamaa kiya, tasneef-o-taaleef aur dars-o-tadrees mein munhamik rahe. Hadith, Tafseer, Feqah aur Arabic zabaan waghairah mein wasee-ul-ittelaa aur bari maaloomaat ke haamil the. taa haayaat musnad-e-fatwa aur musnad-e-dars-e-tadrees par mutamakkin rahe.” Aur waaqe’atan woh is ke ahel bhi the.

 

➤ Ustaad Ahmad Shaakir (Rahimahullah) likhte hain: 

 

“Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) zabt-o-tahreer mein mash’hoor huwe, taareekh-o-hadith aur tafseeri ilm ki sarbaraahi un par khatam ho gayi. Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer ne shair-o-sukhan ke maidaan mein bhi tabaa aazmaayi ki, Lekin Allah Ta’aala ne aap ko is maidaan ke liye muntakhab hi nahi kiya tha. (Al-Baa’is-ul-Hadeeth, page no: 25)

 

➤ Talaamizah

 

Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ne saari zindagi dars-o-tadrees mein basar farmaayi , apne dor ke bare bare ilmi maraakiz mein masnad-e-tadrees par faaiz rahe. lekin yeh ajeeb baat hai keh tazkirah nigaaron ne aap ke shaagirdon mein se jin ki ta’adaad bahut ziyadah thi , sirf aik do ka naam zikr kiya hai, Albatta Doctor Mas’ood-ur-Rahmaan Khaan Nadwi (Rahimahullah) bahut tahqeeq aur talaash-o-justujoo ke ba’ad aap ke darj-e-zail chodah (14) shaagirdon ka suraagh lagaane mein kaamyaab huwe hain :

1. Ibn-ul-Younaniyah (707_793 hijri) Shams-ud-deen Mohammad bin Ali bin Ahmad bin Mohammad Al-Younaniyah Al-Baali (Rahimahullah). 
Ibn-ul-Emaad ne likha hai keh unhon ne Tafsir Ibn-e-Kathieer ki talkhees bhi ki thi.

2. Ibn-e-Sanad (729-792 hijri) Shams-ud-deen Ab-ul-Abbaas Mohammad bin Moosa bin Mohammad bin Sanad bin Na’eem Al-Lakhmi (Rahimahullah).

3. Yahya Ar-Ruhabi [715-794 hijri] Mohi-ud-deen Abu Zakariya Yahya bin Yousuf bin Yaaqoob bin Ahmad bin Yahya Ar-Rajabi (Rahimahullah).

4. Mohammad Az-zarkashi [745-794 hijri] Badr-ud-Deen Mohammad bin Bahaadur bin Abdullah (Rahimahullah).

5. Ibn-e-Anqah Al-Baskari (meem 804 hijri) Abu Jaafar Mohammad bin Mohammad (Rahimahullah).

6. Sa’ad An-Nawaawi [729 -805 hijri] Sa’ad-ud-Deen Sa’ad bin Yousuf (Rahimahullah).

7. Ibn-ul-Hareeri [738-813 hijri] Shahab-ud-deen Ahmad bin Mohammad (Rahimahullah).

8. Ali Ar-Radmaawi [741-813 hijri] Abu Zaid wa Abu-ul-Hasan Ali bin Zaid (Rahimahullah).

9. Ibn-ul-Hasbaani [749-815 hijri] Shahab-ud-deen Abu-ul-Abbaas Ahmad bin Ismaa’eel (Rahimahullah).

10. Mas’ood-ul-Antaaki [ م 815 hijri] Sharaf-ud-Deen Mas’ood bin Umar bin Mahmood (Rahimahullah).

11. Ibn-e-Hujji As-Saadi [751-816 hijri] Shahab-ud-deen  Abu-ul-Abbaas Ahmad bin Al-Alaa (Rahimahullah).

12. Mohammad Al-Habti [745-825 hijri ] Shams-ud-deen Abu-ul-Ma’aali Mohammad bin Ahmad (Rahimahullah).

13. Ibn-ul-Jazari [751-833 hijri] Shams-ud-deen Ab-ul-Khair Mohammad bin Mohammad (Rahimahullah).

14. Abdul Aziz bin Usmaan bin Yousuf bin Al-Majad As-Sheeraazi (Rahimahullah).

 

➤ Shaagirdon Ka Kharaaj-e-Tahseen

 

Ibn-e-Hujji (Rahimahullah) apne Ustaad-e-Mohtaram (Rahimahullah) ko in alfaaz ke saath Kharaaj-e-Tahseen paish karte hain:

“Jin asaateen-e-ilm ko ham ne paaya hai un mein Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) mutoon-e-hadith ke sab se bare haafiz the, neez ilm-e-jarah-o-taadeel aur saheeh-o-zaeef ahaadith ke bahut bare aarif-o-maahir the. Un ke ham dars, ham asar aur un ke shuyookh bhi un ki un khubiyon aur kamaalaat ka aiteraaf karte the. Main un ki khidmat mein ba-kasrat haazir huwa hon aur un se istefaada hi kiya hai.” (Shazraat-uz-Zahab : 6/231, 232)

Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer, Ibn-e-Raafay, Mughaltaai aur Haafiz Husaini (Rahimahumullah), in chaar (4) ham asar Ahl-e-ilm ki baabat Haafiz Zain-ud-Deen iraaqi (Rahimahullah) se kisi shakhs ne pucha keh un mo’aasireen mein se kon sab se bara aalim hai ?

To unhon ne jawaab diya keh un chaaron mein se mutoon aur taareekh ke sab se ziyadah Haafiz-o-Aalim Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) hain. Sub say ziyadah tik kar Ilm-e-Hadees hasil karnay walay aur Moutalif-o-Mukhtalif kay baday Aalim Ibn-e-Raafay hain.In mein sab se ziyadah


[1] Tafseel ke liye molaahiza farmaayein : Al-Imam Ibn-e-Kathir (Rahimahullah), Doctor Mas’ood-ur-Rahmaan Khaan An-Nadwi,page no :78 – 87 tabaa daar Ibn-e-Katheer Dimashq, Bairoot.

maaloomaat ke haamil aur wasee-ul-ittelaa aur ansaab ke aalim “Mughaltaai” hain, Aur sab se ziyadah takhreej ke ilm se waaqif aur sab se ziyadah ham asar shuyookh se baa khabar Haafiz Husaini hain.

Mash’hoor moa’arikh, faqeeh, adeeb Ab-ul-Falah Abdul Hayyi bin Al-imaad Hambali Al-Mutawaffa 1089 hijri (Rahimahullah) apni taaleef “Shazraat-uz-Zahab Fee Akhbaar-e-Man Zahab : 6/231” mein yun raqam taraaz hain:

“Haafiz Emaad-ud-Deen ne atthaara (18) baras ki umar mein “At-Tanbeeh” hifz kar ke sunaadi. Woh kaseer-ul-istehzaar qaleel-un-nisyaan aur jayyid-ul-fehem the.”

 

➤ Dars-o-tadrees, Iftaa , Aur Zikr-e-ilaahi

 

Imaam Mosoof (Rahimahullah) ne ilmi mashghooliyat ko na sirf jaari rakha balkeh khoob mehnat kar ke ilm haasil kiya, bahut si kutub tasneef kin, feqah, tafseer, ilm-e-hadith, arabiyat, rejaal, elal aur nahwu mein mahaarat haasil ki, bahut si kutub jama kin, dars diya, hadith bayaan ki, taa hayaat masnad-e-iftaa-o-tadrees par jalwa afrooz rahay, zabt-o-tahreer mein khaasi shohrat paayi, taareekh, hadith aur tafseer ke ilm mein apne dor mein sab se oonche moqaam par faaiz the. apne ustaaz Imaam Zahabi (Rahimahullah) ki wafaat ke ba’ad madarsah-e-Imaam Saaleh mein Sheikh-ul-Hadith ki masnad sambhaali, Imaam-e-Jaleel hamesha zikr-e-ilaahi mein mashghool rahte.

 

➤ Tasneefaat

 

Aap ne mukhtalif uloom-o-funoon , khusoosan tafseer , hadith aur taareekh mein bahut si kutub tasneef farmaayin jo be-had mufeed aur naafay hain, Aur un mein se ba’az mutawwal , ba’az mutawssat aur ba’az mukhtasar hajam ki hain, in mein se ba’az zewar-e-taba se aaraasta ho chuki hain aur ba’az abhi tak makhtutaat ki soorat mein duniya ki mukhtalif libraryiyon ki zeenat hain. aap ki tamaam tasnefaat ki tadaad 34 hai jin mein se chand ahem ke naam hasab-e-zail hain :

1. Tafseer-ul-Qur’an-ul-Azeem... Yeh Tafsir Ibn-e-Kathir hai, Is ke baare mein bahas guzar chuki hai.

2. Al-Huda Was-Sunan Fi Ahaadith-il-Masaneed Was-Sunan: Ibn-e-Kathir (Rahimahullah) ki                   yehi kitaab “Jaami-ul-Masaaneed” ke naam se mash’hoor hai.

Aap ne is kitaab mein in das (10) kutub-e-hadith ki rewaayaat ko jama kar diya hai: Kutub-e-Sittah, Yaani Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abu Daa’ood, Sunan Nasaai, Jaame Tirmizi, Sunan Ibn-e-Maajah, Musnad Imaam Ahmad bin Hambal, Musnad Abu Bakar Al-Bazzaar, Musnad Hafiz Abu Yaala Al-Mausili aur Al-Mojam-ul-Kabeer Lit-Tabraani.

Mazeed bar-aan in mazkoora das (10) kutub-e-hadith ki majmoo’ah rawaayaat ke ilawah aur bhi ahaadith zikr ki hain.

Imaam Saahab ka apna bayaan hai, farmaate hain: “Main is kitaab (Jaami-ul-Masaaneed Was-Sunan) mein (Mazkoora) das (10) kutub ki rewaayaat ke ilaawah basa auqaat aur kutub ki rewaayaat bhi zikr karta hon.” (Jaami-ul-Masaaneed Was-Sunan : 1/10)

Is kitab mein mukhtalif mauzu’aat az qism-e-ahkaam, tafseer, taareekh, raqaaiq, fazaail waghairah ki baabat aik laakh se ziyadah sahih, hasan, za’eef, mauzu’aat aur makarrar ahaadith bayaan ki gayi hain. 

Is kitaab ki baabat kaha gaya hai: “Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ki tasaaneef mein se yeh mufeed tareen tasneef hai.” 

Is kitab ka qalami nuskha “Daar-ul-Kutub Al-Misriyya” mei maujud hai.

3. Al-Bidaayah Wan-Nehaayah : Fann-e-Taareekh mein yeh kitaab bari ma’arikat-ul-aaraa tasneef shumaar hoti hai. Aur kuch is tarah se morattab ki gayi hai keh saal aur maheene waghairah ki tarteeb ka khayaal rakha gaya hai , Yaani pahle aik saal mein waaqay hone waala waaqiyah , phir us ke ba’ad waale saal ka , phir us ke ba’ad waale ka. 

Is kitaab mein Imaam saahab ne Qur’an Kareem aur hadith shareef mein mazkoora Ambiya-o-Rusul (Alaihimus-Salaam) aur saabiqah aqwaam-o-umam ke qisse aur waaqe’aat tarteeb waar bayaan kiye gaye hain, un qisas aur waaqe’aat mein gharaaib-o-manaakeer aur Israeli rewaayaat ka zikr karte hain, aur kayi moqamaat par un ka zo’uf aur kamzoori bhi likhte hain. Aur is mein seerat-un-nabi (ﷺ) aur khelaafat-e-raashida ka bayaan hai,

bayaan hai, hatta keh apne ahed tak ki mofassal taareekh bayaan ki hai. Is kitaab mein unhon ne 767 hijri, Yaani apni wafa’at se taqreeban chhay (6)  saat (7) saal qabal tak ki taqreeban mokammal taareekh bayaan kar di hai. 

Mo’arrikh Ibn-e-Taghri is kitaab ke baare mein likhte hain :

“Yeh [Al-Bidaayah Wan-Nehaayah] bahut khoob kitaab hai.”

Badr-ud-Deen Eisaa ne apni taareekh mein umooman issi par inhesaar kiya hai. is kitaab mein agarcheh ratb-o-yaabis, qisas aur waaqe’aat darj kiye gaye hain, lekin seerat-un-nabi (ﷺ) waala hissa bahtareen hai. bahut se Ahl-e-ilm ka tazkirah mojood nahi, lekin is sab kuch ke bawajood fan-e-taareekh mein dusri kitaabon ki nisbat qadre bahtar hai.

4. Al-Ijtehaad Fe Talabil Jehaad : Yeh kitaab Imaam saahab ne Ameer Manjak bin Abdullah Saif-ud-Deen Yusufi Al-Mutawaffa 776 hijri ki targheeb aur khawaahish par likhi, is ka aik qalami nuskha “Daar-ul-Kutub Al-Misriyyah” mein maujood hai. Yeh kitaab aathwin sadi mein Musalmaanon aur Eisaayiyon ke maabain waaqay hone waale ma’arikon aur hawaadith ke bayaan par mushtamil hai aur aik mo’atabar taareekhi dastaaweez ki haithiyat rakhti hai, kiyon keh is kitaab mein mosannif ne us dor mein wuqoo bazeer hone waale hawaadisaat ko amaanat-o-diyaanat aur sacchaai ke saath bayaan kar diya hai. Kitaab ke moqaddame mein mosannif (Rahimahullah) ne woh aayaat zikr ki hain jo jehaad fee sabeelillah par ubhaarti hain, phir ahaadith-e-nabwiyah mein se tera (13) hadeesen bayaan ki hain, us ke ba’ad woh hadith bayaan farmaayi hai jis mein Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ne Musalmaanon aur Eisaayiyon ke darmiyaan waaqay hone waali kashmakash aur takraao ka bayaan farmaaya , phir firangiyon ke uskundarya ke qile par hamla aawar hone aur Musalmaanon ki mazaahemat ka bayaan hai. ba’ad azan Musalmaanon ki jehaad fee sabeelillah ke silsile mein is musalsal jidd-o-jahed, mukhlesaana koshish aur laa zawaal khidmaat ka zikr hai jo unhon ne Rasoolullah (ﷺ) aur khulafaa-e-raashideen (Radhi Allahu Anhum) ke zareen dor mein shaam ke ilaaqon mei sar anjaam din. Aur jo kuch us ke ba’ad huwa, mathalan : Firangiyon ka Bait-ul-Moqaddas par qaabiz hona aur Sultaan Salah-ud-din Ayyubi ka un ki acchi tarah  thokaai kar ke  Bait-ul-Moqaddas ko unke naa paak aur ghaleez haathon se churaana waghairah.

5. Ikhtesaar Uloom-ul-Hadith : Fann-e-Usool-e-Hadith par likhi gayi Allaama Ibn-us-Salaah ki kitaab “Uloom-ul-Hadith” jo “Moqaddamah-e-Ibn-us-Salaah” ke naam se maaroof hai yeh kitaab us ka ikhtesaar hai. Moallif ne kayi moqamaat par is mein mufeed izaafe bhi kiye hain. 

Haafiz Ibn Hajar (Rahimahullah) is kitaab ki baabat farmaate hain:“Is kitaab [Ikhtesaar Uloom-ul-Hadith] mein Haafiz Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ke bahut se fawaayid hain”

Misar ke mash’hoor Salafi Aalim aur maazi qareeb ke Mohaddith Sheikh Ahmad Mohammad Shaakir (Rahimahullah)  ne “Al-baa’is-ul-Hatheth sharah Ikhtesaar Uloom-ul-Hadith” ke naam se is ki bahtareen aur umdah Sharah likhi hai jis mein Sheikh ne jaa baja mufeed izaafe bhi kiye hain.

6. Shumaail-ur-Rasool Wa Dalaail-un-Nubuwwah Wa Fazaailuhu Wa Khasaaisuh : Seerat-e-Rasool-e-Ameen (ﷺ) par likhna har musalmaan mosannif ka khawaab hota hai. Yeh bahut bari sa’aadat hai aur yeh sa’aadat har aik mo’allif ko haasil bhi nahi hoti .

Ain Sa’aadat Bazor-e-Baazoo Neest, 

Taana Bakhsd Khudaaye Bakhshindah.

Haafiz Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ko yeh sa’aadat bhi haqq ta’aala ki taraf se naseeb huwi keh unhon ne seerat-un-nabi (ﷺ) par aik bari mofassal aur taweel kitaab likhi .

7. Ikhtesaar-us-Seerat-un-Nabawiyyah : Yeh bhi seerat par hi likhi gayi aik mukhtasar kitaab hai.

Imaam Saahab ne is ka zikr apni tafseer mein Surah Ahzaab mein Ghazwah-e-Khandaq ke bayaan mein kiya hai . 

Yeh kitaab 1358 hijri mein misr se “Al-Fusool Fee Ikhtesaar Seerat-ur-Rasool” ke naam se shaaya huwi hai. Kaha jaata hai keh is ka aik qalami nuskha Madinah Tayyebah mein kutub khaana-e-Sheikh-ul-Islaam mein mojood hai, Wallahu Aalam.

8. Risaalah Fee fazaa’il-ul-Qur’an : Yeh Risaalah apne mozoo par mukhtasar magar jaamay aur mufeed hai .

9. Ahaadith-ut-Tauheed War-Radd Ala-sh-Shirk : Is kitaab ki baabat kaha gaya hai keh 1297 hijri mein Dehli mein tabaa huwi .

 

Kutub-e-Makhtutah

 

1. Tabaqaat-us-Shaafiyiah :Is kitaab mein foqahaa-e-shaafiyiah ka bahut khoobsoorat tazkira hai.

2. Manaaqib-us-Shaafiyi : Is Risaalah mein Mosannif (Rahimahullah) ne Imam Shaafi’ee (Rahimahullah) ke haalaat qalam band kiye hain. Haaji khaleefah ne apni kitab “Kashf-uz-Zunoon : 2/1840″ mein is kitab ka naam “Al-Waazeh-un-Nafees Fee Manaaqib-il-Imaam Ibn-e-Idrees” zikr kiya hai. Khud imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ne is ka zikr apni kitaab “Al-Bidaayah Wan-Nehaayah” mei Imam Shaafi’ee ke tazikre mei kiya hai. Uska qalami nuskha bhi “Tabaqaat-us-Shaafiyiah” ke saath mojallad hai.

 

➤ Kutub-e-Mafqoodah

 

1.  Al-Ahkaam : Imaam Ibn-e-Kathir (Rahimahullah) ne ahaadith-e-ahkaam ke mota’alliq aik zakheem kitaab likhni shuroo ki thi lekin us ko makammal na kar sake, sirf kitab-ul-hajj tak likh sake.

2. Musnad-us-Shaikhain: Is kitab mei Hafiz Ibn-e-Kathir (Rahimahullah) ne Shaikhain-e-Kiraam Hazrat Abu Bakar Siddique aur Hazrat Umar Faarooq (Radhi Allahu Anhu) ki imaarat ki kaifiyat aur unke fazaa’il-o-shumaa’il zikr kiye hain, iske saath saath unki Nabi-e-Karim (ﷺ) se marwi ahaadith ko bhi yeh kitaab shaamil hai. Aur yeh teen (3) jildon par mushtamil hai.

3. As-Simaa : Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer ki is kitaab ka zikr Haaji Khaleefah ne [Kashf-uz-Zunoon : 2/1002] mein kiya hai.

4. Sharah Sahih-ul-Bukhari : Haafiz Ibn-e-Kathir (Rahimahullah) ne “Asahh-ul-Kutub Ba’ada Kitaabillahi” Qur’an-e-Muqaddas ke ba’ad kurra-e-arz par sahih tareen kitaab Sahih-ul-Bukhari ki sharah likhni shuroo ki thi magar us ko mokammal na kar sake. pas thore se hisse hi ki sharah kar sake the. dekhiye [Kashf-uz-Zunoon : 1/550]

5. Takhreej Ahaadith Adillat-ut-Tanbeeh Fee Furoo’e-sh-Shaafieiyah

6. Takhreej Ahaadith Mukhtasar Ibn-e-Haajib : Mazkoora donon kitaaben At-Tanbeeh aur Mukhtasar Ibn-e-Haajib wohi kitaaben hain jin ko Imaam Saahab ne zamaana-e-taalib-e-ilmi mei taqreeban atthaara (18) saal ki umar mein hifz kar liya tha aur Al-Tanbeeh to suna bhi di thi.

7. Al-Kawaakib-ud-Daraari Fit-Taareekh : Yeh kitaab, Imaam Saahab ki apni hi kitaab Al-Bidaayah Wan-Nehaayah hi se intekhaab hai. [Kashf-uz-Zunoon 2/1521]

8. Kitab-ul-Moqaddemaat: Mosannif (Rahimahullah) ne iska zikr Mukhtasar Moqaddamah Ibn-us-Salaah [Ikhtisaar Uloom-ul-Hadith] mein kiya hai.

9. Mukhtasar Kitaab, Al-Madkhal ilaa Kitaab-is-Sunan, Lil-Baihaqui : Is ka zikr bhi Imam Sahab ne Ikhtisaar Uloom-ul-Hadith hi mein kiya hai

10. At-Takmeel Fee Ma’arifatu-us-Siqaat Waz-Zo’afaa Wal-Majaaheel : Yeh funn-e-rejaal ki kitaab hai. is mein Haafiz Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ne apne do (2) asaatizah-e-keraam Imam Mizzi aur Imam Zahabi (Rahimahumallah) ki do (2) kitaaben “Tahzeeb-ul-Kamaal” aur “Meezan-ul-Aitedaal” jama kar di hain, aur un ke saath saath apni taraf se bhi bahut se mufeed izaafe kiye hain. is kitaab ke mota’alliq khud musannif ke apne alfaaz yeh hain: “Yeh kitaab aik Maahir faqeeh aur Mohaddith ke liye bahut hi mufeed hai.”

11. Musnad-e-Imaam Ahmad bin Hambal (Rahimahullah) ko huroof ke aitebaar se tarteeb diya tha aur us ke saath “Musnad-e-Abi Yaala” aur “Al-Mojam-ul-Kabeer Lit-Tabraani” se zawaaid bhi darj kiye the.

In mazkoora tasneefaat ke ilaawah Imaam Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ki aur bhi kayi tasneefaat az qism-e-zuyool, shurooh aur ikhtisaar waghairah hain . kayi kutub ka sirf naam hi milta hai.

 

➤ Wafaat:

 

  كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذَآىِٕقَةُ الْمَوْتِ ؕ 

كُلُّ مَنْ عَلَیْهَا فَانٍ   

 ۖوَّیَبْقٰی وَجْهُ رَبِّكَ

   ذُو الْجَلٰلِ وَالْاِكْرَامِ

 

Ke qaanoon-o-qudrat ke ayen motaabiq tasneef-o-taaleef ke baadshah aur masnad-e-iftaa-o-tadrees ke shah’sawaar Haafiz Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ne ba’qol Saahib-e-“Al-Minhal-us-Saafi” ba’roz jumaraat, 26 sha’abaan, 774 hijri ko Dimashq mein apni jaan jaan-e-aafireen ke supurd kar di. Kam-o-baish 74 baras qabl tuloo hone waala ilm-e-tafseer-o-hadith, taareekh-o-usool-e-hadith, fan-e rejaal-o-ilal aur nahwu waghairah ka yeh mahtaab guroob ho gaya aur Dimashq mein apne mahboob aur jaleel-ul-qadr ustaaz Sheikh-ul-Islaam Imaam Ibn-e-Taimiyah (Rahimahullah) ke pahlu mein dafan huwa. 

 

١٥٦﴾‏‎﴿ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ

نَوَّرَ اللّٰهُ مَرْقَدَهُمَا وَجَعَلَ الْجَنَّةَ مَثْوَاهُمَا

 

Mithil-e-Aewaan-e-Sahar Marqad Ferozaan Ho Tera 

Noor Se Ma’amoor Yeh Khaaki Shabistaan Ho Tera 

Aasmaan Teri Lehed Par Shabnam Afshaani Kare 

Sabza-e-Noorustaan Is Ghar Ki Negehbaani kare 

Haafiz Ibn-e-Hajar (Rahimahullah) farmaate hain: Keh aakhiri umar mein Haafiz Ibn-e-Katheer (Rahimahullah) ki beenaai jaati rahi thi. aap ki wafaat par aap ke kisi shaagird ne bara hi dard naak marthiyah likha jis ke do (2) sher yeh hain :

 

لِفَقْدِكَ طُلَّابُ الْعُلُوْمِ تَأَسَّفُوْا

وَجَادُوْا بِدَمْعٍ لَّايَبِيْدُ غَزِيْرُ

وَلَوْ مَزَجُوْا مَاءَ الْمَدَامِعِ بِالدِّمَا

لَكَانَ قَلِيْلًا فِيْكَ يَا ابْنَ كَثِيْرُ

 

“Aap ki mot ki wajah se shaaiqeen-e-ilm ranjeedah aur maghmoom hain. Woh is qadar kathrat se aansu baha rahe hain jo thamne ka naam hi nahi lete. Aye Ibn-e-Katheer! agar woh aansu’on ke saath lahu bhi mila dete tab bhi yeh [tumhaari yaad mein bahaaye huwe aansoo] thore hi they.”

An-Nujoom-uz-Zaahirah Fee Mulook Misr Wal-Qaahira, Li-Ibn-e-Taghri Bardi : 11/124.

 

➤ Aulaad

 

Aap ne pasmaand’gaan mein do (2) naamwar farzand chore the. Aik Zain-ud-Deen Abd-ur-Rahman, jinhon ne 792 hijri mein wafaat paayi aur dusre Badr-ud-Deen Ab-ul-Baqa, Yeh bahut bare Mohaddith the. unhon ne 803 hijri mein wafaat paayi.

 

REFERENCE:

BOOK: Tafsir Ibn Kathir