Hazrat Shuraih Al qadhi (رحمہ اللہ)

“Shuraih Al qadhi se poocha gaya aapne ilm kaise hasil kiya? Aap ne farmaya: Ulamaa’a se muzakaraat ke zariye main ne ilm haasil kiya, Unhein bhi baaz qeemti maloomaat baham pohchayen.”  (Sufiyaan Owsi)

Ameerul Momineen Hazrat Umar bin Khattaab (رحمہ اللہ) ne aik badwi se ghodi khareedi, Usey qeemat ada ki, Uspe sawar huye aur chal diye. Abhi thori door hi gaye thay ke wohh langdaane lagi. Aap usey wapis mod kar us shakhs ke paas le aye jis se woh khareedi thi.

Farmaya: Yeh ghodi wapis lelo yeh langdaati hai.

Badwi ne kaha: Ameerul Momineen  yeh main wapis nahi lunga kyun keh main ne sahi halat mein apke haath farokht ki thi.

Ameerul Momineen Hazrat Umar (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne farmaya:  Chaliye faisle ke liye kisi ko munsif muqarrar  kar len jo mere aur apke darmiyaan Adal-o-Insaaf ki buniyad par faisla kar de.

Badwi ne kaha: Kya Shuraeh bin Haaris Kindi ka faislah apko manzoor hoga? Hazrat Umar (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne farmaya mujhe manzoor hai.

Lehaza donon faisla karane ki gharz se Qazi Shuraeh ke paas pohche. Unhone ne pahle badwi ki baat poore itminaan se suni, Phir Hazrat Umar رضی اللہ عنہ se kaha: Ameerul Momineen  kya yeh ghodi jis waqt aapne khareedi thi sahih saalim thi.

Farmaya: Haan!

Qazi Shuraeh (رحمہ اللہ) ne kaha: Ameer ul Momineen  jo cheez aapne durust halat mein khareedi usey ab apne paas rakhiye ya phir usi halat mein wapis lautayen jis halat mein aapne isey khareeda tha.

Ameer ul Momineen ne Qazi Shuraeh ki taraf bade ta’ajjub se dekha aur farmaya kya yeh faisla insaaf par mabni hai?

Qazi Shuraeh ne kaha: Haq baat aur Adal-o-Insaaf ka taqaza yahi hai. Hazrat Umar (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne farmaya: Mujhe apka yeh faisla sun kar dili khushi hui. Ab aap Koofa tashreef le jayein kyun keh main ne apko wahan  ka Raees ul Quzat muqarrar kar diya hai. Aapke be laag faisle ne mujhe mutaasir kiya. Bilashuba aap jaisaa nidar aur ba salahiyyat shakhs hi is aham mansab par fayez ho sakta hai.

Jin dinon Ameer ul Momineen Hazrat Umar bin Khattaab (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne Shuraeh bin haaris kindi ko Raees ul Quzat ka mansab saunpa.Un dinon woh madni muashare mein gumnaam ya ghair maroof na thay Balke Jaleel-ul-Qadr Sahabah karaam (رضی اللہ عنہم) aur azeem ul martabaat Tabi’een mein khoob jane pehchane jate thay. Har halqey mein inhein qadar ki nigaah se dekha jata tha. Ahle-Fazal-o-Karam aur madni moashare keh moazzaz afraad Qazi Shuraeh ki zood fehmi daanishmandi, Khush ikhlaaqi, Hamdardi, Adal gastari aur tajurba kaari se behad mutaasir thay, Jab jazeerah numaye Arab Noor-e-Hidayat se chamka aur islaam ki raushan kirnein sar Zameen-e-Yaman tak pohchin to Qazi Shuraeh un khush naseebon mein se huy, Jinhon ne Allah  aur uska rasool ﷺ par Imaan lane ki sa’adat haasil ki aur Haq-o-Hidayat ki dawat ko qubool kiya.

unke Fazal-o-Karam ko janne walon aur Ikhlaaq-e-Kareemanah aur Osaaf-e-Hameedah ka andazah rakhne walon ko had darjah afsos tha ke inhein kuch arsah pahle Madina munawwarah jane ki fursat kyun na mili, Taakeh yeh rasool ul Allah  ﷺ ki ziyarat ka sharf haasil kar lete aur apke saaf shaffaf Chashmah-e-Hidayat se Barah-e-Raast sairaab ho lete aur unhein Imaan ke sath sath Sharf-e-Sahabiyat bhi haasil ho jata. Is tarah Khair-o-Bhalai jamee atraaf se unhein apni lapet mein le leti lekin yeh inke muqaddar mein na tha.

Wahi hota hai jo Manzoor-e-Khuda hota hai.

Farooq-e-Aazam (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne tabieen mein se aik shakhs ko Raees ul Quzat ka aham mansab sonp kar koi jald baazi ka irtakaab nahi kiya balkeh aapne yeh faislah nihayat munasib andaz mein kiya halanke us waqt Aasmaan-e-Islaam par Ashaab-e-Rasool ﷺ chamak daar sitaron ki manind jagmaga rahe thay.

Halaat-o-Waqe’at ne Hazrat Umar (رضی اللہ عنہ) ki Fehm-o-Farasat aur munasib faisle ko durust saabit kar diya. Qazi Shuraeh musalmanon mein musalsal sath (60) saal tak Qazi ki haisiyat se Qaabil-e-Qadar khidmaat sar anjaam dete rahe. Is azeem ul shaan mansab par Hazrat Umar, Hazrat Usman, Hazrat Ali aur Hazrat Ameer-e-Muawiyah (رضی اللہ عنہم) ne badastoor barqaraar rakha. Ameer-e-Muawiyah ke baad khulafa-e-Bani Umaiyya ne bhi unhein isi mansab par qayem rehne diya. Bilashuba yeh bohat badi sa’adat hai jo inke naseeb mein aayi. Albattah Hajjaj bin Yousuf  ke Daur-e-Hukoomat  mein aap is mansab se musta’afi ho gaye.

Aap ne aik soo (107) saal tak lambi, Qaabil-e-Tareef, Bharpoor aur Qaabil-e-Rashk zindagi payi. Islaam mein adliyah ki tareekh ko Qazi Shuraeh ke munfarid aur umdah faislon se chaar chand lag gaye.

Khaas-o-Aam musalman Allah ta’ala ki shari’at ke nifaaz mein in dastoori faislon ki pairwi karne lage jo Qazi Shuraeh ne saadir farmaye thay, Aur in ahkaam ko qadar ki nigaah se dekhne lage jo unhone Qazi ki haisiyat se naafiz karne ki tajweez pesh ki thi.Tareekh ke safhaat Qazi Shuraeh ke faislon, Dilpazeer aqwaal, Aur Qabil-e-Rashk kaarnamon se atey pade hain.

Aik roz Hazrat ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ki dil pasand aur qeemti zirah gum gayi, Thode hi arse baad unho ne aik zimmi shakhs ko dekha ke woh zirha bazar mein bech raha hai.

Hazrat Ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne usey dekhte hi pehchan liya aur farmaya: Arey yeh zirah meri hai, Aik raat Dauran-e-Safar raaste mein mujh se gir gayi thi, Zimmi ne kaha: Ameer ul Momineen yeh meri zirah hai is liye yeh mere qabze mein hai. Hazrat ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne farmaya: Ye zirah meri hai. Maine yeh kisi ke hath farokht nahi ki aur na hi main ne ye bataur tohfa di hai ke is par tu Haq-e-Malkiyat jataye.

Zimmi ne kaha: Mere aur apke darmiyan koi musalman Qazi jo faislah kar de mujhe manzoor hai. Hazrat ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne faramaya: Aap durust kehte hain chaliye abhi Qazi ke paas chalte hain.

Donon Qazi Shuraih ke pas chale gaye aur wahan adalat ke kattehre mein ja khade huye.

Qazi Shuraih (رحمہ اللہ) ne Hazrat ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) se poocha, Aap kya kehna chahte hain.

Hazrat ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne farmaya: Meri pasandidah aur qeemaati zirah par is shakhs ki najaiz qabzah jama rakha hai. Yeh Dauraan-e-Safar mujh se gir gayi thi, Mera mutaalba hai ke yeh zirah mujhe wapis dila di jaye.

Qazi Shuraih ne Zimmi se kaha: Aap iske mutalliq kya kehna pasand karenge.

Usne kaha: Yeh zirah meri hai choonke is waqt mere qabze mein hai aur na hi main Ameer ul Momineen  par kisi qism ki koi tohmat lagana chahta hun. Qazi Shuraih ne Hazrat Ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ki taraf dekha aur irshad farmaya. Ameer ul Momineen apke sachha hone mein mujhe koi shak nahi yeh zirah bilashuba aapki hai lekin choonke is waqt muqaddama adalat mein hai isey apni milkiyat saabit karne ke liye aapko do (2) gawah pesh karna honge.

Hazrat Ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne farmaya: Haan!

Mera ghulaam Qanbar aur mera beta Hasan mere haq mein gawahi denge Qazi Shuraeh (رحمہ اللہ) ne kaha: Ameer ul Momineen ghulaam ki gawahi aaqa ke haq mein aur bete ki gawahi baap ke haq mein qubool nahi hogi. Hazrat Ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne yeh sun kar irshaad farmaya:Subhan Allah aik jannati admi ki shahadat qubool nahi hogi. Kya aapne Rasool-e-Aqdas ﷺ ko yeh farmate huye nahi suna! Hasan aur Hussain jannaati naujawanon ke sardar hain.

Qazi Shuraih ne kaha: Ameer ul Momineen yeh durust hai lekin main baap ke haq mein bete ki gawahi ko jayez nahi samajhta.

Hazrat ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne Zimmi ki taraf dekha aur farmaya: Yeh zirah apne qabze mein hi rakhiye kyunkeh mere paas inke ilawah koi gawah nahi. Ye Soorat-e-Haal dekh kar Zimmi ne kaha:

Ameer ul Momineen  main gawahi deta hun keh yeh zirah aap ki hai. Phir woh kehne lage: Haye Allah! main qurbaan, Main sadqey.

Aaj Ameer ul Momineen apne matahat Qazi se faislah karane ke liye pesh hua aur Qazi ne sama’at ke baad faislah mere haq mein de diya.

Main gawahi deta hun ke woh deen jo is qism ke faisle karne ka hukm deta hai woh barhaq hai aur main aaj is se mutaasir ho kar adalat ke ru baru Sidq-e-Dil se iqraar karta hun.

لا الہ الا اللہ وان محمدا عبدہ ورسولہ

Allah ke siwa koi ma’abood haqiqi nahi aur bilashubah muhammad ﷺ iske bande aur rasool hain.

Kalma padha aur musalman ho gaya.

Phir is ne adalat mein apna bayan jaari karte huye kaha. Janab-e-Qazi main sidq-e-Dil se aiteraaf karta hun ke yeh zirah Ameer ul Momineen  ki hai main aik raat us lashkar ke peechy peechy ja raha tha. Jo Siffeen ki taraf rawan dawan tha. Ye zirah inke khaaqi rang ke oont se giri jise maine utha liya.

Hazrat Ali (رضی اللہ عنہ) ne uska bayan sun kar irshad farmaya: Choonke ab tu musalman ho gaya hai lihaza yeh zirah main ne tujhy Bataur-e-Tohfah di aur iske sath hi yeh umdah ghodi bhi tujhe bataur tohfah pesh karta hun.

Ye waaqiya pesh aaye zyada arsa na guzra tha ke yeh Banda-e-Momin Jang-e-Naharwaan ke din Hazrat Ali ki qayadat mein khawarij ke sath deewana waar ladai karta hua jaame shahadat nosh kar gaya.

Qazi Shuraih ke dilchasp faislon mein se aik yeh Ajeeb-o-Ghareeb aur hairat angez faislah bhi tha. Aap sunen ge to ash ash kar uthenge. Aik din bete ne kaha: Abba jaan mere aur fulan qaum ke darmiyaan aaj jhagda hua hai, Agar faisla mere haq mein hua to unhein ghaseet kar adalat mein le aoun aur agar unke haq mein ho to main sulah kar loon phir bahami jhagde ki saari tafseel bayan kar di.

Aap ne kaha: Jao unhein adalat mein le aao. Woh khushi khushi unke paas gaya aur unhein adalat mein chalne ke liye kaha. Woh adalat mein peshi ke liye tayyar ho gaye.

Jab Qazi Shuraih ki adalat mein pohchy unhone muqqadama ki sama’at ke baad apne bete ke khilaaf faisla suna diya. Woh log Khush-o-Khurram wapas laute aur beta kabeedah khatir Afsardah-o-Sharminda munh latakaye huye adalat se bahir aaya. Baap ka faisla bete ke khilaf, Yeh hai Adal-o-Insaaf ki darakhshandah misaal. Jab Qazi Shuraeh aur uska beta ghar pohchy bete ne baap se kaha. Abba jaan aapne mujhe ruswa kiya agar maine aapse mashwarah na liya hota to koi baat na thi. Afsos yeh hai ke main ne aapse mashwara lekar adalat ka rukh kiya aur aapne mere hi khilaaf faisla saadir kar diya, Log mere mutalliq kya sochte honge.

Qazi Shuraih ne kaha: Beta duniya bhar ke logon se tu mujhe aziz hai lekin yaad rakho Allah  ki mohabbat mere dil mein tere pyar par ghaalib hai. Mujhe is baat ka andesha tha agar main tujhey mashware ke waqt bata deta ke faislah unke haq mein hoga to tu unse sulah kar leta aur woh apne haq se mehroom reh jate is liye main ne tujhe kaha ke unhein adalat mein le aao Taake Adal-o-Insaaf se unka haq unhein mil jaye.

Aik martabah Qazi Shuraih (رحمہ اللہ) ke ladke ne aik shakhs ki zamanat di jo manzoor kar li gayi. Woh shakhs barwaqt adalat mein haazir hone ki bajayee bhaag gaya Qazi Shuraeh ne apne ladke ko uske badle giraftaar kar liya aur phir jail mein har roz khud khana pohchaya karte thay.

kabhi kabhi kisi gawahi mein jab Qazi Shuraih رحمہ اللہ ko Shak-o-Shubah paida hota aur gawahi dene wale adalat ke katehre mein aa khade hote, Aap unhein jhoothi gawahi se baaz rakhne ke liye yeh irshaad farmate: Gawahi dene walon meri baat ko ghaur se suno, Allah  tumhein hidayat de. Aaj is shakhs ke khilaaf faisla dene ka bayes tum banoge. Main tumhari wajah se jahannum ki aag se bach jaunga. Tumhein bhi jahannum ki aag se bachne ki fikar karni chahiye. Ab bhi tumhare ikhtiyaar  hai ke gawahi na do aur chale jao. Agar woh gawahi dene par israr karte to aap us shakhs ki taraf mutawajja hote jiske haq mein yeh gawahi dena chahte ussey mukhattib ho kar farmate.

khoob achi tarah jaan lo main tumhare haq mein faislah inki gawahi ki bina par de raha hun.

Mujhe dikhai deta hai lekin zann-o-Takhmeenah ki bina par faisla saadi nahi kar sakta. Main to gawahon ki shahadat par hi faislah de sakta hun. Lekin mera yeh faisla is cheez ko tere liye halaal nahi kar sakta jisey Allah ta’ala ne tere liye haraam kar diya hai.

Qazi Shuraih (رحمہ اللہ) Kursi-e-Adalat par baithay faisla saadir karte waqt yeh kalmaat baar baar dohraya karte thay.

1: Zaalim kal zarur jaan lega ke nuqsaan uthaane wala kaun hai?

2: Nafsiyati taur par zaalim saza ka muntazir rehta hai aur mazloom Adal-o-Insaaf ka intezar karta hai.

Main halfiyah kehta hun ke jo shakhs Allah ke liye kisi cheez se dastbardaar ho jaye us cheez ke apne hath se nikal jane ka koi gham nahi hota.

Qazi Shuraih Allah, Rasool aur Qur’an majeed ke ehkamaat ki faqat tableegh karne wale hi na thay balkeh Khaas-o-Aam musalmanon ko Rushd-o-Hidayat ka raasta ikhteyaar karne ki naseehat karne wale bhi thay.

Aik shakhs bayan karta hai: Qazi Shuraih ne mujhe dekha ke main Huzn-o-Malaal aur Gham-o-Andoh ka shikwah apne aik dost ke paas kar raha hun.

Aap mera hath pakad kar aik taraf le gaye aur farmaya: Aye mere bhai ke bête! Allah ke siwa kisi ke paas shikwah shikayat karne se bacho, jiske paas bhi tum shikwa karoge woh tumhara dost ho ga ya dushman. Dost yeh shikwa sun kar ghamgheen hoga aur dushman khush hoga. Phir aapne apni aik ankh ki taraf ishara karte huye farmaya: Meri is aankh ki taraf dekho. Khuda ki qasam main ne gazishta pandrah (15) baras se is ankh se na koi shakhs dekha aur na rasta, Lekin maine kisi ko bataya tak nahi, Sirf aaj tujhy mehez samjhane ke liye bata raha hun. Kya tune Allah ke burgazeedah bande Hazrat Yaqoob علیہ السلام ka yeh jumla nahi suna jisey Qur’an  majeed mein darj kar diya gaya hai:

انما اشکو بثی و حزنی الی اللہ

Main apna shikwah-o-Gham Allah kay huzur paish karta hun.

Har musibat ke waqt apne Huzn-o-Malaal aur Gham-o-Andoh ka shikwah Allah hi ke darbar mein pesh kiya karo.

Wahi sawaliyun ki izzat rakhne wala hai aur be kasun ki iltajayein sunne wala hai aur duaen mangne walon ke qareeb tar hai.

Aik din kisi shakhs ko doosre se kuch mangte huye dekha to bade pyar se farmaya:

Mere bhateeje jo kisi insan se apni zaruriyaat poori karne ke liye maange goya usne apne apko ghulami ke supurd kar diya. Agar usne sawali ki zarurat ko poora kar diya to usne goya usey apna zehni ghulam bana liya aur agar usey jawab de diya to donon Zaleel-o-Khuwar ho kar wapis laute. Aik bukhl ki zillat ke sath aur doosra naakaami ki Zillat-o-Ruswai ke sath. Jab bhi tujhe kuch maangna ho apne Allah se maango aur jab bhi madad talab karo to apne Allah se madad talab karo khoob achhi tarah yeh baat jaan lo.

Burayi se bachne aur neki karne ki taufeeq aur madad dene ka haqiqi ikhteyaar Allah ke siwa kisi ke paas nahi.

Koofa mein aik martabah ta’awun ki wabaa phoot padi. Qazi Shuraeh ka aik dost is wabaa se bachne ki khatir Najaf chala gaya.

Qazi Shuraih ne uski taraf aik khat likha.

Jis jagah ko tum chod kar gaye ho usne teri maut ko qareeb nahi kar dena tha aur na teri baqi zindagi ke din cheen lene thay aur jis jagah tum ne ja kar padao kiya hai woh jagah bhi isi ke qabze mein hai jise koi talab aajiz nahi kar sakti aur na hi bhaagne wala uske daairah ikhteyaar se bahar nikal sakta hai, Yaad rakho hum aur aap aik hi baadshah ke dastarkhawan par baithay hain. Bilashubah Najaf qudrat wale khuda ke bohat qareeb hai.

In be baha khoobiyun ke ilawah Qazi Shuraeh aik aise mustanad shaair thay jiske ishaar Baataur-e-Daleel pesh kiye jate unki Tarz-e-Ada dilruba dil awaiz thi aur Izhaar-e-Khayaal ke liye mozooaat nihayat umdah aur achhoote hua karte thay unka das (10) saala aik beta khel kood ka bada hi dildah tha. Aik din usey ghair haazir paya. Choonke woh school chod kar kutton ki ladai dekhne chala gaya jab ghar wapis aaya to aapne bete se poocha namaz padhi hai? Usne kaha nahi. Aap ne kaghaz qalam mangwaya aur uske ustaad ki taraf yeh isha’ar likh bhejy jinka tarjuma darj zail hai:

1: Yeh chand awaara aur behooda ladkon ke sath mil kar kutton ki ladayi dekhta raha unke peechy bhagta raha aur usne namaz chod di.

2: Aapke paas yeh aik ruq’aa lekar ayega jo khas taur se iske liye likha gaya tha.

3: Jab yeh apke paas aaye to uska ilaj laan taan aur malaamat se karna aur aik danishmand, Layeq adeeb ki maanind isey naseehat karna.

4: Agar aap isey maarna chahein to kode se maarna aur jab teen (3) kode maar lein to phir ruk jana.

5: Yaqeen kijiye jo sulook bhi aap is se rawa rakhen usmein is ladke ka zaati faida hai, Bawajood yeh ke main iski wajah se gham ke kadwey ghoont pi raha hun phir bhi mujhe yeh sab se zyada aziz hai.

Allah Subhanahu wata’ala Farooq aazam Sayyadna Umar bin Khattaab (رضی اللہ عنہ) par raazi ho unhone Islaami adalat ki peshaani ko aik qeemaati chamkeele aur dilkash moti jude huye jhoomar se Mozayyan-o-Aarastah kiya.

Unho ne musalmanon ko aik aisa raushan charagh diya jiski ziya paashiyon se Shariat-e-Ilaahi par chalne ke raaste raushan huye aur log musalsal iske mudabbiraana faislon ki chamkeeli shuaaon se raushni haasil karte rahenge aur Rasool-e-Khuda ﷺ ki Sunnat-e-Mutahharah pe gaamzan rehne ke liye unki Fahem-o-Farasat ke noor se raahnumai hasil karte rahenge.

Qayamat ke din Ummati Qazi Shuraeh ke wujood par fakhar karenge Allah ta’ala Qazi Shuraeh par raham farmaye usne logon mein poore sath (60) saal Adal-o-Insaaf qayem kiya usne kisi aik shakhs par bhi zulm nahi kiya aur na hi kabhi faisla dete waqt kisi baadshah aur aam logon mein farq kiya. Aam logon mein koi imteyaaz barta.

Qazi Shuraih ke mufassal Halat-e-Zindagi maloom karne ke liye darj zail kitaabon ka muta’ala  Karen:

1: Al Tabaqat ul Kubra Ibn-e-Saad                                   6/94-108-109-170-206-268 2: Sifat ul Safwah Ibn-e-Jawzi                                            3/38 3: Hilyat ul Awliya Asfahani                                                  4/256-258 4: Tarikh Tabri Ibn-e-Jarir Tabri                                         4-5-6 5: Tarikh Khalifa bin Khayyat                                                129-158-184-217-251-266-294-304 6: Shazart ul Zahab                                                                  1/85-86 7: Wafayat ul Aayan                                                                2/168-169 8: Kitab ul Wafayat                                                                 80-81 9: Al Muhabbar (Muhammad bin Habib)                       305-387 10: Da’rat ul M’aarif( Farid Wajdi)                                       5/373-473

REFERENCE:

Book: “Hayat-e-Taba’een kay Darakhsha pahelo”

Taleef :  Dr. Abdur Rahman Rafat Al- Pasha.

Urdu Translation : By Professor Mehmood Ghaznofer