Imaduddin Ibn kaseer

 

Hafiz Imaduddin Ibn kaseer ka ta’aruf aur un ki tafseeri khusoosiat

 

Masnoon ki faharsat:

 

1. Hafiz Imaad uddin Ibn kaseer ka ta’aruf
2. Wilaadat-o-Ta’leem-o-Tarbiyat
3. Sheikh al Islam Imam Ibn Taymiyyah say khusoosi ta’luq
4. Wafaat
5. Pasmaandgaan
6. Tasneefaat
7. Tafseer Ibn kaseer Manhij aur khusoosiat
8. Ta’reef-e-Tafseer
9. Masaadir-o-maakhiz
10. Tafseer Ibn kaseer kay Manhij aur khusoosiat
11. Hawaala Jaat

 

Naam-o-Nasab: Isma’il Kuniyat. Abul fadaa laqab. Imaduddin aur Ibn kaseer urf hai.

Silsila-e-nasab yeh hai:  Isma‘il bin Umar bin Kaseer bin Zau bin Zara’ al Qeesi al Basarwi Summal Damishqi

Aap aik moazzaz aur Ilmi khandan kay chashm-o-chiragh thay. Aap kay walid Sheikh Abu Hafs Shahabuddin Umar apni basti khateeb thay aap kay baday bhai Sheikh A’bdul Wahhab aik mumtaz a’alim aur faqeeh thay.

 

Wilaadat-o-Ta’leem-o-Tarbiyat:

 

Aap ki wiladat 700 ھ mein bamuqam Majdal huyi jo mulk Shaam kay mash-hoor Basrah kay aitraaf mein aik qarya hai,uss waqt aap kay walid yahan kay khateeb thay, abhi aap teesray yaa chauthay baras mein hi thay kah waalid buzurgwaar nay 703ھ mein wafat payi aur ,nihayat hi kamsini mein aapko yateemi ka daagh uthaana pada, baap ka saaya sar say uthaa toh baday nay apni aghosh tarbiyat mein lay liya. Walid ki wafat kay teen saal baad ya’ni 706 ھ mein aap aaye aur phir yahin aap ki nashoonama huyi, ibtedaa mein apnay baday bhai say Fiqh ki taleem paayi baad ko Sheikh Burhaan Uddin Ibraahim Bin Abdul Rahman Faraazi ma’roof ba Ibn farkaah Shahrukh Tanbiya al  Mutawaffi  729ھ aur Sheikh Kamaal Uddin Qazi Shahba say iss fan ki takmeel ki, iss zamanay mein dastoor tha ke talib ilm jis fan ko hasil karta uss fan ki koi mukhtasar kitab zabani yaad kar leta. Chunancha aap nay bhi Sheikh Abu Ishaaq Sheiraazi al  Mutawaffi  746ھ ki mukhtasar kitab ko zabani yaad kiya. Usool ki kitabein aap nay Allamah Shamsuddin Mahmood Bin Abdul Rahman Asfahaani Shaarah mukhtasar Ibn Haajib al Mutawaffi 749ھ say padhi thi.

Fan Hadees ki takmeel aap nay is ahad kay mashhoor asaatzah fan say ki thi, Allama suyuti, zel tazkerah al huffaaz mein likhtay hain. Sama’ al hijaaz wal tabqa yani Hijaaz aur iss tabqa kay Ulama say aap nay Samaa’ hadees kiya.

Hijaaz kay ham tabqa woh Ulama jin say aap nay ilm Hadees hasil kiya aur jin ka zikr khusoosiyat say aap kay tazkirah mein Ulama nay kiya hai woh hasb zel hain.

➢ 1. Eesa Bin al Ma’tum

➢ 2. Bahaao Uddin qaasim Bin A’saakir Al Mutawaffi 723ھ

➢ 3. A’feef Uddin Ashaaq Bin Yahiya Alamdi Al Mutawaffi  725ھ

➢ 4. Mohammad Bin Zaraad

➢ 5. Badruddin Mohammad Bin Ibraheem Ma’roof ba Ibn Swedi Al Mutawaffi  711ھ

➢ 6. Ibn Alrazi

➢ 7. Hafiz Mazi

➢ 8. Sheikh Al Islam Imam Ibn Taymiyyah

➢ 9. Hafiz Zehbi

➢ 10. Imaduddin Mohammad Bin Alsheiraazi Al Mutawaffi  749ھ

 

Lekin in tamam hazraat mein sab say zyada jis say aap ko istefadah ka mauqa mila woh muhaddis Shaam Hafiz Jamaluddin Yusuf Bin Abdul Rahman Mazi Shafia’ musannif tahzeeb al kamaal Al mutawaffi 742ھ hain. Hafiz Mazi nay khusoosi talluq ki bina par apni sahabzadi ka aap say nikah kar diya tha. Sa’adatmand shagird nay apnay mohtaram ustaaz ki sahafqat say poora poora fayeda uthaya, muddat madeed tak hazir khidmat rahay, khud unse Samaa’ kiya aur fan ki poori takmeel un hi ki khidmat mein reh kar ki.

Chunancha Suyuti likhtay hain wa takhreej bil mazi walaazma wabara’. Usi tarah Sheikh al-Islam Imam Ibn Taymiyyah Al Mutawaffi 728ھ say bhi Aap nay bohot kuch ilm hasil kiya tha aur arsa tak unki sohbat mein rahay thay.

Hafiz Ibn Hajar nay likha hai kay Misr say Aap ko duyusi, waani aur khatni waghairah nay Hadees ki ijazat di thi.

 

Manzilat Ilmi:

 

Imam Ibn Kaseer ko ilm Hadees kay ilawa Fiqh, tafseer tareekh aur Arabiyat mein bhi kamal haasil tha, chunancha allama Ibn Imaad Hanbali, Ibn Habeeb say naaqil hain. Antahat Alia riyasata Alim fee al taareeq-o-Al hadees wal tafsireen (un par tareekh, hadees aur tafseer mein riyaasat Ilmi khatam hogayi.

 

Dars-o-Iftaa, zikr Ilahi shagufta mizaji:

 

Hafiz Ibn kaseer ki tamaam umar daras-o-iftaa aur tasneef-o-taaleef mein basar huyi. Hafiz Zahabi ki Wafaat kay baad madarsa Umm Saaleh aur madarsa tankaria (jo uss zamaane mein ilm Hadees kay mash-hoor madarsay thay) mein Aap Sheikh Al hadees kay ohda par faayez rahay, Hafiz Ibn Hajar nay Aap kay ausaaf mein husn alfaakat kay alfaaz istemaal kiye hain, yani bada pur lutf mazaah kiya kartay thay.

 

Sheikh al-Islam Imam Ibn Taymiyyah say khusoosi talluq:

 

Aakhir mein yeh waazah kardena zaroori hai kah Hafiz Ibn Kaseer ko apnay ustaaz allama Ibn Taymiyyah say khusoosi talluq tha,jis nay aap ki Ilmi zindagi par gehra asar daala tha aur usi kaa nateeja hai kay Aap baaz unn masayel mein bhi Imam Ibn Taymiyyah say mutasir thay jinn may woh Jamhoor salaf say matfarid hain, chunancha Ibn Qazi Shahba apnay tabqaat mein likhtay hain:

”کانت لہ خصوصیۃ بابن تیمیہ مناضلتہ عنہ واتباع لہ فی کثیر من ارایئہ وکان یفتی برایہ فی مسئلتہ الطلاق وامتحن بسبب ذالک واوذی”۔

 

Unn ko Ibn Taymiyyah kay saath khusoosi talluq tha aur unn ki taraf say ladaa kartay thay aur bahut si Aara mein unn ki itteba kartay thay chunancha talaaq kay maslay mein bhi inhi ki raaye par Fataawa detay thay jis kay nateeja mein azmaish mein paday aur sataaye gaye.

 

Wafaat:

 

Akheer umr mein beenayee jaati rahi thi, jum’eraat kay din sha’baan ki 26 taareekh 774ھ mein wafaat paayi (Rahmatullahi) aur maqbara Sofia meinapnay mahboob Ustaaz Sheikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah kay pehloo mein dafan kiye gaye, Aap kay kisi shagird nay aap ki wafaat par bada dard angez mersia likha hai, jis kay do sha’er yeh hain:

 

لفقدک طلاب العلوم تاسفوا وجادوابدمع لایبیدغزیر

ومزجواماء المدامع بالدما لکان قلیلا فیک یا ابن کثیر

 

Tarjuma:

Shaaeqeen Uloom tumharay uth jaanay par mutaasif hain, iss kasrat say aansoo bahaa rahay hain kah thamnay hi ko nahi aatay aur agar woh aansuon kay saath lahu bhi mila detay tab bhi aye Ibn kaseer tumharay liye thode thay.

 

Pasmaandgaan:

 

Pasmaandgaan mein do saahabzaade baday naamour chhoday thay,aik Zain Uddin Abdul Rahman jin ki Wafaat 792 ھ mein huyi aur doosray Badruddin Abu al-Baqaa Mohammad. Yeh baday paaya kay muhaddis guzray hain. Inhoun nay 803 ھ mein bamuqaam ramla wafaat payi, inn donon ka zikr Hafiz Bin Fahad nay apnay zel mein basilsila wafiyaat kiya hai.

 

Tasneefaat:

 

Aap nay tafseer, Hadees, seerat aur tareekh mein badi buland paaya tasaaneef yaadgaar chhodi hain, yeh Aap kay ikhlas kay samra aur husn niyyat ki barakat thi kay bargaah aizdi say un ko qubool a’am aur shohrat dawaam ki masanad a’ta huyi, muarrikheen nay aap kay tasaaneef ki afaadeet aur un ki qubooliyat ka zikr khaas taur say kiya hai, Zahabi likhtay hain, wala tasaneef mufeed Ibn Hajar kehtay hain:

 

”سادت تصانیفہ فی البلادفی حیاتہ وانتفع الناس بھا بعد وفاتہ”

 

Unki zindagi mein un ki tasaneef sheher jaa pohchein aur unki wafat kay baad log un say nafa’ andoz hotay rahay.

 

Aap ki jin tasaneef par hamein ittelaa mili hai woh hasb zel hain.

➢ 1. Tafseer Al Quraan Al A’zeem: Jiss kay mutalliq Hafiz Suyuti tasreeh kartay hain kay iss tarz par doosri tafseer nahi likhi gayi, yeh tafseer birriwaia mein sab say zyada mufeed hai.

➢ 2. Albadaia Walnahaaia: Yeh fan tareekh mein unki besh baha tasaaneef hain aur Misr say taba’ hokar shaaya ho chuki hai us mein ibtedayi kayenat say lay kar ahwaal akhirat tak darj hain.

➢ 3. Altakmeel fee maa’rfata al saqaat wal za’faa wal majaaheel.

➢4.  Al Hadi wal sanan fee Ahadees almasaneed walsanan:Yahi kitaab hai jo Jaama’ia Al masaneed kay naam say mash-hoor hai.

➢ 5. Tabqaat Al Shaafia’: Uss mein fiqha Shafia’ ka tazkirah hai.

➢ 6. Manaaqab Al Shaafia’: Yeh risaala Imam Shafi’i kay haalat mein hai.

➢ 7. Takhreej Ahaadees Adalta Altanbih.

➢ 8. Takhreej Ahaadees mukhtasar Ibn Haajib, Altanbih aur mukhtasar yah donon kitabein wahi hain jin ko musannif nay ahad taalib Ilmi mein hifz kiya tha, un donon kitabon mein kutub hadees say takhreej bhi likhi hai.

➢ 9. Sharah Sahih Bukhaari ki: Uss ki tasneef bhi shuroo ki thi magar natamaam reh gayi, kashf altanoon mein hai kay sirf ibtedayi tukday ki Sharah hai. Musannif nay us ka zikr ikhtesaar uloom Alhadees mein kiya hai.

➢ 10. Al Hikaam ulkbeer: Yeh kitaab bohot baday paimaana par Ahaadees Ahkaam mein likhni shurooh ki thi magar kitab Al-Hajj tak likh sakay tamam na kar sakay, musannif nay ikhtesaar Uloom Al hadees mein iss kitab ka bhi zikr kiya hai.

➢ 11. Ikhtesaar Uloom Alhadees: Nawab Siddiq Husn Khan nay manhaj alwasool fee istelaah Ahaadees al rasool mein uss ka naam Albaa’s Al haisiyat A’la Ma’roofta Uloom Alhadees likha hai” yeh Allama Ibn Salah Al Mutawaffi  643ھ ki mashhoor kitaab” Uloom Alhadees” ma’roof ba muqadma Ibn Saleh ka jo usool hadees mein hai ‘ikhtesaar hai’  musannif nay uss may jabaja mufeed izafay kiye hain.

➢ 12. Masand Alshikheen: Uss mein shikheen ya’ni Hazrat Abu bakar-o-Umar ؓ say jo hadeesein marwi hain unko jama kiya gaya hai. Musannif nay ikhtesaar uloom Alhadees mein apni aik tasneef musnad Umar Razi Allahu A’nhu ka zikr kiya hai. Yeh maloom na ho saka kay aaya woh mustaqil a’laihda kitaab hai ya ussi ka hissa saani hai.

➢ 13. Alseerat Al Nabawi ﷺ: Yeh seerat par badi taweel kitaab hai.

➢ 14. Alfasool fee ikhtesaar seerat alrasool: Yeh seerat par aik mukhtasar kitaab hai. Musannif nay uss kaa zikr apni tafseer mein surah Ahzaab kay andar ghazwa khandaq kay bayan mein kiya hai. Iss kitab ka qalmi nuskha Madina Munawwarah mein kutub khaana Sheikh al-Islam mein maujood hai.

➢ 15. Kitaab Almuqadmaat: Is ka zikr musannif nay ikhtesaar uloom Al hadees mein kiya hai.

➢ 16. Mukhtasar Kitaab al Madaqal lilbihaqee: Uss ka zikr bhi ikhtesaar Al hadees kay muqadma mein kiya hai.

➢ 17. Al ijtehaad fee talab ul jahaad: Jab firangioun nay qila’ayaas ka muhaasra kiya uss waqt aap nay yeh risaala Ameer Manjak kay liye likha, yeh risaala misr say chhap kar shaya’ ho chuka hai.

➢ 18. Rasaalay fee fazaael AlQuraan:. Yeh rasaala bhi tafseer Ibn kaseer kay sath mattaba’ Alminaar misr mein taba’ ho chuka hai.

➢ 19. Masand Imam Ahmed Bin Hanbal ko bhi huroof par murattab kiya tha aur uskay saath tabraani ki ma’jam aur Abu ya’li ki masand say zawayed bhi darj kiye thay. Imam Ibn Kaseer ki tamam tasaneef mein yeh khoobi a’yaan hai kah jo kuch likhtay hain nihaayat tahqeeq kay saath likhtay hain aur mufassil likhtay hain ‘ibaarat sahal aur peeraya bayan dilkash hota hai.

 

Naqd-o-jrah:

 

Hafiz Ibn Kaseer Rahimahullah aik buland paaya mohaddis thay isliye unhonay mohaddisana tareeqay par yeh kitaab murattab ki hai aur nihayat ehtiyaat say Sahih hadeeson kay intekhaab ki koshish ki hai. Woh dauraan-e-behes Jarah-o-ta’deel kay usulon ko latay huye Sahih riwaayat ko nikhaar kar paish kartay hain. Baaz riwaayat ko za’eef qaraar detay hai jab kay glat aur faasid riwaayaton ki tardeed kartay hain.

 

Maslan Aayat:

﴿يَومَ نَطوِى السَّماءَ كَطَىِّ السِّجِلِّ لِلكُتُبِ…١٠٤ ﴾

 

Surah Anbiyaa kay bare mein Ibn Umar (rz) say riwaayat hai kay “SAJAL” Aanhuzoor kay aik kitaab kay naam tha. Iss par tanqeed kartay huye Ibn Kaseer tehreer kartay hain.

 

‘Yeh munkar riwaayat hai aur qat’an sahih nahi.’

• Ibn Abbas Rahimahullah say bhi jo ,riwaayat bayan ki jaati hai woh Abu Dawood mein honay kay bawajood ghalat hai.
• Huffaz ki aik jama’t nay uski wasiyat par aik mustaqil risaalah tehreer  kiya hai aur Ibn Jareer nay bhi uska nihaayat purzor radd kiya hai.
• Iss riwaayat kay za’eef honay ka sabsay bada saboot yeh hai kay Rasool Allahﷺ kay tamam katibeen wohi nihayat mash-hoor log hain aur un kay naam ma’roof hain. Sahaba mein bhi kisi ka naam SAJAL na tha.
• Ibn Kaseer Rahimahullah riwaayat muta’did tarq-o-insaaf ka zikr karkay rawat par bhi jirah kartay hain.
• Ibn Kaseer Rahimahullah nay Ahaadees kay saath saath Aasaar-e-Sahaba aur Aqwaal-e-Taba’een bhi kasrat say naqal kiye hain, lekin unki sehat janchnay kay liye mayaar barqarar rakha hai aur unki Ta’eed ya tardeed mein apni mo’tabar raaye ka izhaar kiya hai.
• Jirah-o-Qadah kay zaman mein Ibn Kaseer Taareekhi ghaltiyan aur rahwaalon ko bhi tardeed kartay hain.
• Shaan-e-nuzool ka bayan: Agar kisi surat ya aayat ka shaan-e-Nuzool hai toh Imam Ibn Kaseer Rahimahullah apni tafseer mein Islam tazkirah kartay hain maslan Aayat: [Surah Baqarah:2109] kay tehet likhtay hain:
• “Ibn A’bbas Rahimahullah say riwaayat hai kah Arab yahudiyoun mein aur Abu yasir Bin Alhtab donon musalmanon kay shadeed tareen haasid thay aur woh logon ko Islam say roktay thay. Jahaan tak unn ka bas chalta woh musalmanon ko Islam say bargashta karnay ki koshish kartay. Unn kay bare mein yeh bhi aayat naazil huyi, Zahiri kehtay hain kah Ka’ab Bin Ashraf Shayar tha aur woh apni shayari mein Nabi Kareem ﷺ ki haju kiya karta tha. Uss kay bare mein yeh ayat naazil huyi.”

 

Fiqhi Ahkaam:

 

• Ibn Kaseer Rahimahullah Ahkaam par mushtamil aayat ki tafseer kartay huye Fiqhi Masayel par behes kartay hain aur iss silsilay mein fiqh kay ikhtilafi Aqwaal-o-dalayel bhi bayan karte hain.
• Imam Ibn Kaseer Fiqhi masayel mein amooman Shafi’i maslak ki ta’eed kartay hain.
• Ibn Kaseer Mukhtalif-o-mutzaad riwaayatein jama’-o-tatbeeq ki koshish kartay hain aur un kay maa-bain mahaakma kartay hain:
• Aap mukhtalif tafseer aqwaalein bhi tatbeeq detay hain.
• Ibn Kaseer Rahimahullah Quran-e-Majeed kay rabt-o-nazm ka tazkirah kartay hain.
• Woh apni tafseer mein aayat kay bahimi talluq aur munaasibat ko iss tarah bayan kartay hain kay Quran-e-Paak aik marboot-o-munazzam kitab nazar aati hai.

 

Khulaasa kalaam:

 

• Khulasa kalaam yeh kah Imam Ibn Kaseer unn tamam uloom-o-sharayet par haawi nazar aatay hain jin ka janna aik muffasir kay liye zaroori hai. Unhonay nihayat tehqeeq aur diqt-e-nazri say Tafseer-e-Quraan ko murattab kiya hai jo qeemti maloomat ka ganjeena aur nihayat bahaa Tafseeri warsa hai.
• Taham Ahle Nazar ko aiteraaf hai kay mohaddisana nuqta nazar say yeh sab say zyada qaabil a’itemaad tafseer hai.
• Kutub-e-Tafseer bilmaasoor mein iss ko imtiyaazi maqam haasil hai aur mutaakhireen nay aik buniyaadi masaadar ki haisiyat say uss say khoob istefadah kiya hai.
• Jo shakhs Quraan-e-Hakeem kay mutaalib-o-ma’aani aur israar-o-rmooz say agaah hona chahta hai woh tafseer Ibn Kaseer say beniyaaz nahi ho sakta.

 

 

REFERENCE:

https://www.askislampedia.com/ur/wiki/-/wiki/Urdu_wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8+%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86+%DA%A9%D8%AB%DB%8C%D8%B1+%DA%A9%D8%A7+%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81+%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86+%DA%A9%DB%8C++%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1+%DB%8C+%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA/pop_up;jsessionid=F2B2041F77EF7C128B91D1C3B0C1912C