31. MUATTA KI LARAEE [ Expedition to Muta ]
MUATTA KI LARAEE
AIK NAYA DUSHMAN ..MU’TAH KI LARAEE:
Jumadi Alula 8 hijri:
Ab tak Islam ko mulk arab ke andar ke yahud aur mushrikon ke qabilon se samna tha- Ab aage Esaee Romiyon ki taqat aur saltanat ki deewar hayel thi- Esaee Romiyon ki mataheti mein aik arab khandaan Basra par hukumat kar raha tha- Is khandaan ke raees ne is musalmaan qasid ko jo unke paas Islam ki dawat ka khat lekar gaya tha, qatl kardiya tha- Aap(ﷺ ) ne is shaheed ka badla lene ke liye Teen hazar(3000) fauj medina se rawana ki- Hazrat Ja’far, Abdullah bin Rawahah aur Zaid bin haris(رضی اللہ عنہ ) isme khaas taur se bheje gae the- Fauj ki sardaari Zaid bin haris(رضی اللہ عنہ ) ko di gae- sath hi farmaaya keh ye shaheed ho tou Ja’far( رضی اللہ عنہ) aur wo bhi maare jae tou Abdullah bin Rawahah(رضی اللہ عنہ ) fauj ke afsar hon.
Hooran ke badeshah ko khabr lag chuki thi – Usne aik lakh ke khareeb fauj tayyar ki- khud rome ke qaiser ne beshumar faujon ke sath mawaab mein aakar khaima dala. Aap(ﷺ ) ne musalmaanon ko takeed kardi thi keh laraee se pehle dushman ko sulah ka mouqa dena aur Islam ka paiyaam pohancha lena- Islam ki fauj jab qareeb pohanchi tou dekha ke teen hazar musalmaanon ko lakhon ke dal badal ka samna hai magar muslamaan tou Allah ki raah mein apni jaan hatheliyon par liye hue phirte the- Wo shahadat ke shouq mein dare nahi- Abdullah bin Rawahah(رضی اللہ عنہ ) ne kaha ham tada’ad ki kami beshi aur taqat ke bharose par nahi larte ham tou mazhab ki taqat se larte hain- ispar teen hazar ke chote giroh ne aik lakh ki fauj par hamla kardiya. Hazrat Zaid bin haris(رضی اللہ عنہ ) Barchiyan khakar shaheed hue- Unki jagah Hazrat Ja’far(رضی اللہ عنہ ) ne aage barhkar Islam ka jhanda apne hath mein liya aur is tarha bahaduri se lare keh aik haath katgaya tou dusre hath se jhande ko pakar liya aur dusra hath bhi katgaya tou seene se chimtaliya- Akhir talwaaron aur barchiyon ke nawe zakhm khane ke ba’ad gire aur Shahadat pae- Unke ba’ad Abdullah bin Rawahah(رضی اللہ عنہ ) ne jhanda hath mein liya aur wo bhi shaheed hogae- Ab Khaled bin Walid(رضی اللہ عنہ ) aage barhe aur muslamaanon ki kamaan apne hath mein li aur us bahaduri se lare keh dushman ko go zair na karsake magar musalmaanon ko unki zad se nikal lae.
REFERENCE:
BOOK: “RAHEMAT-E-ALAM”
BY ALLAMAH SAYYED SULEMAN NADWI(رحمه الله)
Expedition to Muta
In the section on the Prophet’s letters to various kings and potentates, we have mentioned that Harith bin Umayr Azdi, the Prophet’s envoy to the ruler of Basra, was slain en route by Sharahbeel bin Amr Ghassani. The Prophet (ﷺ ) took the killing as an act of war and readied a force of three-thousand men under Zayd bin Haritha. He nominated Ja’far bin Abi Talib and Abdullah bin Rawaha to take charge in consecutive order in case Zayd fell in battle. The Prophet (ﷺ ) prepared a white standard and handed it to Zayd bin Haritha. He instructed Zayd to go to the area where Harith had been martyred, and to invite the populace to Islam. The Muslims were to fight only if the people rejected the call.
As he saw the troops off, the Prophet (ﷺ ) uttered these memorable words: “In the name of Allah and in the way of Allah – fight against those who blaspheme Him. Behold! Commit no breach of promise, nor of trust, nor kill their children, women, old men on the verge of death, nor the recluse in the hermitage, and do not cut down date trees, not demolish any building.” (Al-Bukhari)
The Prophet (ﷺ ) escorted the troops up to Thaniyat Al-Wada and then bade them farewell. The army pitched its tents at Ma’an in southern Jordan. There they found out that Heraclius was stationed close by at Ma’ab with a hundred thousand forces, and another hundred thousand Christians had joined his forces. The news disconcerted the Muslims who were unsure of what to do. For two nights, they sat conferring about the situation wondering whether to wade into the battlefield outnumbered or to send for reinforcements. Then Abdullah bin Rawaha made this impassioned speech to his brother Muslims:
Men, you evade that, by Allah, for which you came out – martyrdom. We do not fight the enemy on the strength of our power. We fight them with the religion we have been granted by Allah. Come, we shall profit both ways. Either we win or we court martyrdom.
Fierce fighting broke out in one of the most striking yet little mentioned engagements in human history, when 3,000 soldiers from the nascent Muslim state challenged the might of 200,000 heavyweights of the Roman empire. The Roman army lumbered on, fighting the whole day but utterly failing to break a small formidable side. Their array of weaponry failed to give them the edge because they lost their best fighters. The standard of the Muslim detachment was held by Zayd bin Haritha. He kept fighting ferociously until he was pierced by the enemy lances. The standard was taken up by Ja’far. As the battle surged to its bloodiest and fiercest point, he jumped off his charger and pounced on his enemies. When his right hand was hacked off, Ja’far took the standard in his left hand. When it too was cut off, he took the standard in his lap to keep it aloft.
Ja’far remained on the battlefield until more than ninety wounds were inflicted on his chest, and he succumbed to them to join the rest of the Muslim martyrs. The Prophet’s standard was then taken up by Abdullah bin Rawaha. He moved ahead and then dismounted from his horse and pressed onward until he too attained martyrdom.
Thabit bin Arqam, who was nearby, flew to the side of the sinking Abdullah bin Rawaha to save the Prophet’s standard from fluttering to the ground, and it was he who asked the Muslims to nominate by consensus Rawaha’s successor. Their choice was Khalid bin Waleed, who had so often proved his strength against them as a general for the Quraysh. Thus, the standard was transferred to Khalid, who came to be known as one of the swords of Allah. Khalid advanced towards the Romans and fought against them with such fierceness that nine swords were broken at his hands.
Sitting in Madinah that same day, the Prophet (ﷺ ) was inspired by Allah with the knowledge of the events on the battlefield far away in Muta. He gave the people the news of the martyrdom of the three Muslim commanders and informed them that the command had been handed over to Khalid bin Waleed (رضی اللہ عنہ ), whom he referred to as one of Allah’s swords.
As the sun set, both armies went back to their respective camps. The following morning, Khalid bin Waleed (رضی اللہ عنہ )changed the order of his troops. He put the front-line soldiers behind while the rear guard was brought forward. The soldiers on the left flank were put to the right, and those on the right were moved to the left. The Romans were misled into thinking fresh reinforcements had arrived, and they were completely dismayed at this development.
After a mild skirmish, Khalid ordered his troops to retreat, but the enemy dare not advance for they thought the Muslim retreat was a ruse. Thus, the Muslims drew closer to Muta and the skirmishes continued for seven days until both sides retreated and the battle ended, in part, because the Romans thought that the Muslim troops were receiving continual reinforcements. They feared that the Muslims planned to lure them into the desert from where it was almost impossible to come out safe.
REFERENCE:
BOOK: WHEN THE MOON SPLIT FINAL.
Compiled by Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri
Edited and Translated by Tabassum Siraj – Michael Richardson Badr Azimabadi
ایک نیا دشمن…. موتہ کی لڑائی
جمادی الاولی ٨ ہجری :
اب تک اسلام کو ملک عرب کے اندر کے یہود اور مشرکوں کے قبیلوں سے سامنا تھا. اب آگے عیسائی رومیوں کی طاقت اور سلطنت کی دیوار حائل تھی. عیسائی رومیوں کی ماتحتی میں ایک عرب خاندان بصری پر حکومت کر رہاتھا. اس خاندان کے رئیس نے اس مسلمان قاصد کو جو ان کے پاس اسلام کی دعوت کا خط لے کر گیا تھا، قتل کر دیا تھا. آنحضرت ﷺ نے اس شہید کا بدلہ لینے کے لیے تین ہزار فوج مدینہ سے روانہ کی. حضرت جعفر، عبداللہ بن رواحہ اور زید بن حارثہ رضی اللہ عنہم اس میں خاص طور سے بھیجے گئے تھے. فوج کی سرداری زید بن حارثہ رضی اللہ عنہ کو دی گئی. ساتھ ہی فرمایا کہ یہ شہید ہوں تو جعفر رضی اللہ عنہ اور وہ بھی مارے جائیں تو عبداللہ بن رواحہ رضی اللہ عنہ فوج کے افسر ہوں.
حوران کے بادشاہ کو خبر لگ چکی تھی. اس نے ایک لاکھ کے قریب فوج تیار کی. خودروم کے قیصر نے بے شمار فوجوں کے ساتھ موآب میں آکر خیمہ ڈالا. آپﷺ نے مسلمانوں کو تاکید کر دی تھی کہ لڑائی سے پہلے دشمن کو صلح کا موقع دینا اور اسلام کا پیام پہنچا لینا. اسلام کی فوج جب قریب پہنچی تو دیکھا کہ تین ہزار مسلمانوں کو لاکھوں دَل بادل کا سامنا ہے مگر مسلمان تو اللّٰه کی راہ میں اپنی جان ہتھیلیوں پر لیےہوئے پھرتے تھے. وہ شہادت کے شوق میں ڈرے نہیں. عبداللہ بن رواحہ رضی اللہ عنہ نے کہا کہ ہم تعداد کی کمی بیشی اور طاقت کے بھروسے نہیں لڑتے، ہم تو مذہب کی طاقت سے لڑتے ہیں. اس پر تین ہزار کے چھوٹے گروہ نے ایک لاکھ کی فوج پر حملہ کر دیا.
حضرت زید رضی اللہ عنہ برچھیاں کھا کر شہید ہوئے. ان کی جگہ حضرت جعفر رضی اللہ عنہ نے آگے بڑھ کر اسلام کا جھنڈا اپنے ہاتھ میں لیا اور اس طرح بہادری سے لڑے کہ ایک ہاتھ کٹ گیا تو دوسرے ہاتھ سے جھنڈے کو پکڑ لیا اور دوسرا ہاتھ بھی کٹ گیا تو سینے سے چمٹا لیا. آخر تلواروں اور برچھیوں کے نوے زخم کھانے کے بعد گرے اور شہادت پائی. ان کے بعد عبداللہ بن رواحہ رضی اللہ عنہ نے یہ جھنڈا ہاتھ میں لیا اور وہ بھی شہید ہو گئے. اب خالد رضی اللہ عنہ آگے بڑھے اور مسلمانوں کی کمان اپنے ہاتھ میں لی اور اس بہادری سے لڑے کہ دشمن گو زیر نا کر سکے مگر مسلمانوں کو ان کی زدسےنکال لائے.
حواله:
كتاب: “رحمتِ عَالم”
تاليف: “علاّ مه سيد سليمان ندوى”