04. Madinah Munawwarah ki taraf hijrat
Madinah Munawwarah ki taraf hijrat
Rasool Allah (ﷺ) Makkah Mukarramah hi mein thay keh Aap ko hijrat ka hukum diya gaya aur yeh Ayat Aap par nazil hui:
قُلْ رَبِّ أَدْخِلْنِي مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَأَخْرِجْنِي مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَاجْعَلْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ سُلْطَانًا نَصِيرًا
“Dua kijiye! Aey Mere Rab! Mujhe behtareen tareqay ke saath (Makkah Mukarramah se) nikalna aur behtareen tareqay se (Madinah Munawwara mein) dakhil farmana aur Mujhe apni taraf se ghalba-o-nusrat ata farmana.”
[Jami Tirmidhi, Hadees: 3139, Musnad Ahmad: 223/ 1]
Is baat mein koi shak nahi keh agar Aap aur ehl-e-Madinah ke darmiyan mandarja bala muahida na hua hota to hijrat mumkin na thi. Aap ne apne saathiyon ko hukum diya keh woh Madinah Munawwarah mein apne Ansaari bhaaiyon ke paas chalay jaaein aur farmaaya:
“Allah Ta’ala ne tumhaaray liye naye bhaai muhayya farmaaye hain aur aman waala ilaaqa ataa farmaaya hai.”
Sahaba Kiram (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧﮩم ) musalsal jaane lage lekin Rasool Allah (ﷺ) hijrat ke liye Allah Ta’ala ki ijaazat ke intezaar mein Makkah Mukarramah hi mein rahay.
Jab Quraish ne mehsoos kiya keh Musalmaan aahista aahista ja rahay hain to unhein yaqeen ho gaya keh Nabi Kareem (ﷺ) ke saathiyon ko koi mehfooz jagah mil gai hai. Unhein khatrah mehsoos hua keh Rasool Allah (ﷺ) bhi nikal jaaein ge lihaaza woh is ke baaray mein baahami mashwaray ke liye Dar un Nadwah mein ikathay hue.
Kuch logon ne kaha:
“Hum khud hi isay nikal dete hain.”
Kuch kehnay lage:
“Nhi! hum isay qaid kar dete hain, jab khanay ko kuch nahi mile ga to khud hi mar jaaye ga.”
Abu Jahl maloon kehne laga:
“Wallah! main tumhein aisa hatmi mashwara deta hoon keh tum apni baatein bhool jaao ge.”
Logon ne kaha:
“Batao!”
Woh kehnay laga:
“Hum har qabeeley se aik aik naamwar taaqatwar bhar poor nau jawaan lein aur usay taiz tareen talwaar muhayya karein. Phir woh sab mil kar yak baari Aap par hamla kar dein agar Aap maaray gaye to qatal ki zimma daari tamaam qabaail par pade gi aur main nahi samjhta keh qabeela Banu Hashim sab qabeelon se ladaai mol le sakay ga. Laazman woh khoon baha par raazi ho jaaein ge is tarah hum is aafat se nijaat pa lein ge.” (Chunancha isi raaye par ittifaq ho gaya)
Udhar Syed na Jibreel (اﻟﺳﻼم ﻋﻠﯾہ) foran Aap ke paas hazir hue aur Aap ko un ke mansobay se mutala
kiya aur farmaaya keh:
“Aap raat apne ghar mein na soein.”
Usi waqt Allah Taala ne Aap ko hijrat ka hukum diya. Us raat Aap apne ghar mein na soye balkay Aap ne Syedna Ali bin Abi Talib (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ko bulaya aur hukum diya keh Meri sabz chadar odh kar Mere bistar par let jao. Unhon ne aisa hi kiya. Aap bahar nikal gaye woh log darwazay par khaday thay, Aap ne matti ki aik muthi uthai aur un ke saron par bikhertay guzar gaye. Woh aisay andhay hue keh Aap ko dekh hi na sakay aur Aap Surah Yaseen ki ibtidaai nou Ayaat padhte hue tashreef le gaye.
Us waqt tak Syedna Abu Bakar Saddiq (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ )Aap ke saath Makkah Mukarramah hi mein thehray hue thay. Abu Bakar Saddiq (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ne bhi hijrat ki khuwaahish zaahir ki thi magar Aap ne farmaya:
“Jaldi na karo umeed hai Allah Taala tujhe koi sathi ata farmaein ge.”
Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) samajh gaye keh woh Aap hi hon ge. Is liye unhon ne do Ountniyan khareed kar ghar hi mein un ko charah waghera dalna shuru kar diya. Rasool Allah (ﷺ) har roz bila nagha din mein aik dafa zaroor Syedna Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ke ghar tashreef laya karte thay kabhi subah ke waqt aur kabhi shaam ke waqt. Lekin jis din Allah Taala ne Aap ko hijrat ka hukum diya to Aap Abu Bakar Saddiq (ﻋﻧہ ﷲ رﺿﯽ) ke ghar mein dopehar ke waqt tashreef laye. Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ne Aap ko dekha to samajh gaye koi ahem maamla hai.”
Jab Aap ghar mein dakhil hue to Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ne Aap ke liye char pai khali kar di. Aap tashreef farma hue to farmaya:
“Sab ko kamray se nikaal do.”
Syedna Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) arz pardaaz hue:
“Aey Allah ke Rasool! yahaan sirf meri do betiyaan (Aisha aur Asma (رﺿﯽ ﷲﻋﻧﮩﺎ) hi hain. Aap farmaaein kya baat hai? mere maan baap Aap par qurbaan!”
Aap ne farmaaya:
“Allah Ta’ala ne mujhe hijrat ka hukum diya hai.”
Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ne guzaarish ki:
“Ya Rasool Allah! Aap ke saath jaane ki aarzoo hai.”
Aap ne farmaaya:
“Haan! tum Mere saath jaao ge.”
Sayeda Aisha (رﺿﯽ ﷲﻋﻧﮩﺎ) farmaati hain:
“Us din se pehlay Main nahi samajhti thi keh koi shakhs khushi se bhi ro sakta hai hatta keh main ne abba jaan ko Aap ki is khushkhabri par rotay dekha.”
[Al-Badaaya Wa An-Nahaaya: 176/3]
Makkah Mukarramah se rawaangi:
Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne aik mushrik Abdullah bin Uraiqit se kuch raqam par tay kar liya tha keh woh un ko khufia raastoon se Madinah le jaaye ga. Lihaaza Nabi Kareem (ﷺ) aur Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ne apni donon Ountniyaan us ke supurd kar deen keh waqt-e-muqarrara tak woh un ko charaata rahay aur sambhaal kar rakhay. Jab Aap Makkah Mukarramah se niklay to Ali bin Abi Taalib (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ), Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) aur Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ke ehl-e-khaanah ke siwa kisi ko Aap ke niklny ka ilm na tha.
Rasoolullah (ﷺ) apne pyaare saathi samait Makkah Mukarramah se nikal kar ghar-e-thawr ki taraf chal pade (thawr, Makkah Mukarramah ki nashebi jaanib junoob mein aik pahaad hai) aur is mein daakhil ho gaye. Syedna Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ne apne farzand-e-arjamand Abdullah (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) se kaha:
“Tum din ke waqt hamaaray baaray mein logon ki baatein suntay rehna aur shaam ke ba’ad aa kar hamein un ki ittila’ karte rehna.”
Isi tarah apne ghulaam Syedna Aamir bin Fuhaira (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) se farmaya:
“Din ko Bakriyaan charatay raha karo aur shaam ke baad hamaray paas le aya karo.”
Chunancha Abdullah bin Abi Bakar(رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) din bhar Quraish mein rehtay, Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ka naam aur Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ke baaray mein un ke mashwaray aur baatein suntay phir shaam ke ba’ad aa kar Aap ko bataatay jabkay Aamir bin Fuhaira (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) Makkah ke charwaahon ke saath mil kar apni Bakriyaan charaatay aur shaam ke ba’ad Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ki Bakriyaan un ke paas le aatay, Rasool Allah (ﷺ) aur Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) un Bakriyon ka doodh peetay aur zaroorat hoti to Bakri zibah kar ke gosht bhi khaatay. Pehlay Abdullah (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ghaar se nikal kar Makkah ki jaanib jaatay phir Aamir bin Fuhaira (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) taake Bakriyon ke chalne se un ke paaon ke nishaanaat mit jaaein hatta keh jab isi tarah teen raatein guzar gaieen aur Makkah waalay thak haar kar baith gaye to Abdullah bin Uraiqit bhi jis se Aap ne muaahida kar rakha tha un ki donon Ountniyaan aur apna aik Ount le kar aa gaya. Idhar Hazrat Asma Bint Abi Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲﻋﻧﮩﺎ) bhi un ke safar ke liye khaana waghera le kar aa gaieen lekin Is ka band laana bhool gaieen. Woh Hazraat chalne lage to Asma dastar khuwaan bandhnay lageen to pata chala keh band nahi hai. Unhon ne apna kamar band khol kar aik hissay ke saath dastar khuwaan baandh diya aur dusra kamar mein baandh liya.
Is bana par un ko ” زات اﻟﻧطﺎﻗﯾن ” Zaat un Naataqain” ka laqab naseeb hua ( رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧﮩما وأرﺿﺎھﺎ).
Udhar jab mushrikeen ko Rasool Allah (ﷺ) aur Abu Bakar(رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ke nikal jaane ka pata chala to woh un ki talaash mein jutt gaye hatta keh unhon ne Aap Hazraat ki giraftaari ke liye sau sau Ount inaam muqarrar kar diya. Phir woh Aap ka khoj lagaanay lage magar unhein kuch pata na chalta tha. Isi talaash mein woh us pahaad par bhi chadhe jahaan Aap donon tashreef farma thay balkay woh is ghaar ke moun ke paas bhi phirtay rahay hatta keh un ke paaon andar se nazar aatay thay magar Allah Ta’ala ki hifaazat ke baais keh woh Aap ko na dekh sakay. Abu Bakar(رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) Rasoolullah (ﷺ) se kehnay lage:
“Agar un mein se kisi ne apne paaon ki taraf nazar kar li to woh hamein dekh le ga.”
Aap ne farmaya:
“Abu Bakar! yeh kaisay ho sakta hai? hamaray saath Allah hai.”
Aap ka khoj laganay waalon mein Saraaqa bin Maalik bhi thay jo ke abhi Musalmaan nahi hue thay. Jab Madinah waalon ko Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ke safar ka pata chala to unhon ne Aap ki tashreef aawari ka intezaar shuru kar diya. Woh har roz subah ki Namaaz ke baad Madinah Munawwara se baahar nikal kar Aap ka intezaar karte. Jab kadi dhoop ka raaj ho jata to woh saya ki panaah letay jab koi saaya bhi na bachta to wapas shehar mein aa jaate. Aap ki tashreef awari ke mubaarak din bhi woh bahar baithy intezaar karte rahay. Jab saye khatam ho gaye to woh maayoos ho kar gharon ko chalay gaye. Udhar woh wapas gaye idhar Aap tashreef le aye. Sab se pehlay Aap ko aik yahudi ne dekha. Chunkay is ko ilm tha keh ehl-e-Madinah Aap ki tashreef awari ke shiddat se muntazir hain is liye us ne buland awaaz se e’laan kiya:
“Aey Banu Qaila! (Ansar ka sabiqa naam) tumhari qismat jaag uthi. Jin ka intezaar tha woh tashreef le aye.”
Ansar bhage bhage aye to Rasoolullah (ﷺ) aik khajoor ke saye tale tashreef farma thay. Aap ke sathi Syedna Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) bhi Aap ke taqreban hum umar hi thay. Aksar logon ne is se qabal Aap ko nahi dekha tha. Is liye un ko pata nahi chal raha tha keh Rasool Allah (ﷺ) kon se hain? logon ka zabardast rush tha. Ittifaqan Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ke sir mubarak se saya hatt gaya. Abu Bakar (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) foran uthay aur apni chadar se Aap ko saya karne lage. Tab logon ko Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ka pata chala.
[Al-Bidaya Wa An-Nihaya: 194/3]
Musalmaan apne asleha ki taraf lapke aur musallah ho kar Harrah (aik pathareele maidaan) mein Aap ka ba zaabita istaqbaal kiya aur phir asleha ki chaaon mein Aap ko le kar Madinah ki taraf chalay. Raastay mein Aap daaein taraf ko muday aur basti Quba mein Banu Umaro bin Auf qabeela ke aik saahib Kulsoom bin Hizzam ke haan utre. (Baaz moarkheen ke mutabiq Aap pehlay aik khajoor ke saaye mein farokash hue thay. Phir Hazrat Kulsoom ke ghar muntaqil hue) Yeh peer ka din tha, taareekh 12 Rabi-ul-awwal thi aur Aap ki be’sat ka terhwaan saal tha. Aap Quba mein chodah din thehray jaisa keh Sahih Bukhari mein Syedna Anas (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) se riwaayat hai. Un dinon mein Aap ne Masjid-e-Quba ki bunyaad rakhi.
Quba se rawana hue to thoday hi faslay par Namaaz jumma ka waqt ho gaya, Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne Banu Salim bin Auf ke ilaqay mein “Wadi-e-Ranona” ke maqaam par dusray hazireen samait jumma ada farmaya. Aap ne is maqam par aik Masjid ki bunyad rakhi jisay baad mein “Masjid-e-Juma” kaha jane laga.
Madinah Munawwarah mein tashreef awari:
Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ne jab Quba se Madinah Munawwara tashreef laane ka iradah farmaya to apne nanhiyaal Banu Najjar ko peghaam bheja. Woh hathyaar saja kar aaye to Rasool Allah (ﷺ) sawaar ho kar un ke jilo mein chalay. Syedna Abu Bakr (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) Aap ke peechay sawaar thay. Banu Najjaar aur Musalmaanon ka aik hajoom, Aap ke ird gird thay. Koi sawaar tha koi paidal, koi daein tha koi baein aur koi pechay. Jab bhi Aap kisi ghar ke paas se guzarte thay to us ghar walay Aap se utarne ki darkhuwast karte magar Aap farmatay:
“Meri Ountni ko chalne do, yeh Allah Ta’ala ke hukum se ruke gi.”
Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ki Ountni “Qaswa” chalti rahi hatta keh jab woh Banu Malik bin Najjar ke mohalla mein pohanchi to wahan ruki jahan baad mein Aap ki Masjid ka darwaza bana. Aur woh jagah Syedna Abu Ayub Ansari (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ke ghar ke samnay thi.
Madinah waalay Aap ki tashreef awari par intihai khush thay.
Syedna Baraa bin Aazib (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) farmatay hain:
“Main ne kabhi ehl-e-Madinah ko itna khush nahi dekha jitna woh Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ki tashreef aawri se khush hue.”
[Sahih Bukhari, Hadees: 3925]
Hatta keh Habshi logon ne khushi mein naizon aur khanjron se khail dekhaya. Parda nasheen aurtain bhi chaton par chadh chadh kar dekh rahi theen. Chote chote bachay aur bachiyaan bhi khushi se naray laga rahay thay :
“Allah ke Rasool aa gaye, Allah ke Rasool aa gaye. ( ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯾہ وﺳﻠم )“
Syedna Bara (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ki aik riwayat mein hai keh Syedna Abu Bakr Saddiq (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) hijrat ka waqia bayan karte hue farmatay hain:
Hum raat ke waqt Madinah Munawwarah puhanche. Har shakhs koshish kar raha tha keh Rasool Allah (ﷺ) mere mehman banein.
Aap ne farmaya:
“Aaj Main apne dada mohtaram Abdul Muttalib ke nanhiyal Banu Najjar ka mehman banoon ga, yeh izzat-o-sadat unhein hasil hogi.”
Rash ki wajah se mard aurtain chaton par bhi chadhe hue thay. Ladke balay rastoon mein bhage phirtay nara zan thay:
“Ya Muhammad! Ya Rasool Allah! Ya Muhammad! Ya Rasool Allah!.”
[Sahih Muslim, Kitab Az-Zahd, Hadees: 2009/75]
Gharz Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ki Madinah mein tashreef awari ka din Madinah Munawwarah ki tareekh mein aik yadgaar din hai jis ki misaal Madinah Munawwarah ne na pehlay dekhi thi nah kabhi baad mein dekh sakay ga.”
Syedna anas (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) farmatay hain:
“Main ne Rasool Allah (ﷺ) aur Syedna Abu Bakr (رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻧہ ) ki Madinah mein tashreef aawari ke din se badh kar khubsoorat aur ba ronaq koi din nahi dekha.”
[Musnad Ahmad: 122/ 3]
Phir Raool Allah (ﷺ) ne Masjid-e-Nabwi ki tameer ka hukum diya. Hum aindah safhaat mein Masjid-e-Nabwi ki tameer ki tafseel bayan karein ge keh woh kin cheezon se banai gai aur kahan banai gai? neez is ki kuch tareekh bhi bayan karein ge.
REFERENCE:
Book: “Tareekh-e-Madina Munawwarah”
Muratib Karda : Shoba Tasneef-o-Taleef Darussalam.
Nazar-e-Saani: Moulana Safir ur Rahman Mubarak puri.