Tafsir ul Surah Al Baqarah [2: 3]
Baqarah : 2 | Ayat : 3
228
الٓمّٓ
: 1
الَّذِیْنَ یُؤْمِنُوْنَ بِالْغَیْبِ
Jo ghaib par emaan laate hain
Tafseer Aayat No: 3
Imaan Key Ma’ani:
Abu Ja’afar Raazi ney (Rahimahullah) Abdullah bin Mas’ood (Radhi Allahu Anhu) say rewaayat kiya hai keh emaan key ma’ani tasdeeq key hain. Aur Ali bin Abu Talha (Rahimahullah) ney Ibn-e-Abbaas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) say rewaayat kiya hai keh ﴾یُؤْمِنُوْنَ﴿ Key ma’ani hain [يُصَدِّقُوْنَ] keh woh tasdeeq karte hain. Ma’mar ney Imaam Zohri (Rahimahullah) say rewaayat kiya hai keh emaan key ma’ani amal key hain. Abu Ja’far Raazi (Rahimahullah) ney Rabee bin Anas (Rahimahullah) say rewaayat kiya hai keh ﴾یُؤْمِنُوْنَ﴿ key ma’ani hain keh woh darte hain.
1
2
3
4
Ibn-e-Jareer (Rahimahullah) farmate hain keh ziyadah behtar yeh hai keh yeh log qaul, amal aur aiteqaad key aitebaar say emaan bil ghaib key saath mausoof hon. Khashiyat-e-ilaahi bhi emaan key ma’ani mein dakhil hai, Jabkeh emaan amal key saath qaul ki tasdeeq ka naam hai. emaan aik Jaamay kalima hai jo Allah, us ki kitaabon aur us key Rasoolon key iqraar aur us iqraar ki fe’al key sath tasdeeq key liye iste’imaal hota hai.
5
Lughawi ma’ani key aitebaar say to emaan ka lafz sirf tasdeeq key ma’ani mein iste’imaal hota hai. Aur us ma’ani mein yeh lafz Qur’an Majeed mein bhi iste’imaal huwa hai, Masalan:
At-Taubah 9:61
﴾
یُؤْمِنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَیُؤْمِنُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ
﴿
“Woh Allah par yaqeen rakhta hai aur Mominon [Ki baat] ki tasdeeq karta hai.”
1.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri :1/149
2.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri : 1/149
3.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri : 1/149
4.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri : 1/149
5.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri : 1/149
Baqarah : 2 | Ayat : 3
229
الٓمّٓ
: 1
Biradiraan-e-Yousuf ney apne baap say kaha tha:
Yousuf 12:17
﴾
وَمَاۤ اَنْتَ بِمُؤْمِنٍ لَّنَا وَلَوْ كُنَّا صٰدِقِیْنَ
﴿
“Aur aap hamari baat ki tasdeeq karne wale nahin agarcheh ham sacche hi hon.”
Isi tarah jab emaan ko aamaal key sath mila kar iste’imaal kiya jaye, phir bhi yahi ma’ani hote hain, Masalan:
Al-Asr 103:3
﴾
اِلَّا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَعَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ
﴿
“Magar woh log jo emaan laye aur nek amal karte rahe.”
Aur agar is lafz ko mutlaqan iste’imaal kiya jaye to sharayi taur par matloob emaan aiteqaad, qaul aur amal key majmooye ka naam hai. is mein kami paishti ho sakti hai. Is silsile mein beshumar ahadees-o-aasaar maujood hain. Is mauzoo par ham ney Sharah-ul-Bukhari key aaghaz mein tafseel say behes ki hai. Wa Lil-Laahil-Hamdo Wal-Minnato.
Kuch mufassireen ney emaan ki tafseer khashyiat say bhi ki hai. Jaisa keh irshad bari ta’aala hai:
Al-Mulk 67:12
﴾
اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَ یَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَیْبِ
﴿
“Beshak jo log bin dekhe apne parwardigaar say darte hain.”
Aur farmaya:
Qaaf 50:33
﴾
ۙ
مَنْ خَشِیَ الرَّحْمٰنَ بِالْغَیْبِ وَجَآءَ بِقَلْبٍ مُّنِیْبِ
﴿
“Jo Allah say bin dekhe darta raha aur rujoo karne wala dil ley kar aaya.”
Faatir 35:28
﴾
اِنَّمَا یَخْشَی اللّٰهَ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الْعُلَمٰٓؤُا ؕ
﴿
“Allah say to us key bandon mein say wahi darte hain jo sahib-e-ilm hain.”
Baqarah : 2 | Ayat : 3
230
الٓمّٓ
: 1
3
ۙ
وَیُقِیْمُوْنَ الصَّلٰوةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنٰهُمْ یُنْفِقُوْنَ
Aur woh namaz ko[Us key aadab key sath] qayim karte aur jo kuch
ham ne un ko ata farmaya hai, us mein se kharch karte hain.
3
Ghaib Say Muraad:
Yahan ghaib say kiya muraad hai? Is silsile mein salaf key aqwal mukhtalif hain magar yeh sab aqwal sahih hain aur sabhi yahan muraad hain. Abu Ja’far Raazi (Rahimahullah) ney Ab-ul-Aaliyah (Rahimahullah) ka qaul zikr kiya hai: ﴾یُؤْمِنُوْنَ بِالْغَیْبِ﴿ “Ghaib par emaan laate hain.” Is say muraad yeh hai keh woh Allah Ta’aala, us key farishton, us ki kitaabon, us key Rasoolon, Yaum-e- aakhirat, Jannat Jahannam aur deedaar-e-ilaahi par emaan rakhte hain, neez woh hayaat ba’ad-al-maut aur ba’as par bhi emaan rakhte hain aur in tamaam baaton ka ta’alluq ghaib say hai. Qatadah bin De’aamah (Rahimahullah) ka bhi yahi qaul hai.
1
Sa’eed bin Mansoor (Rahimahullah) ney Abdur-Rahman bin Yazeed (Rahimahullah)) say rewaayat kiya hai keh logon ney Abdullah bin Mas’ood (Radhi Allahu Anhu) key paas Hazraat Sahaaba-e-Kiraam (Radhi Allahu Anhum) aur un key emaan ka zikr shuroo kar diya. Hazrat Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) ney farmaya keh Hazrat Mohammad (ﷺ) ka mu’aamlah to dekhne wale key liye bay had waazeh tha lekin us zaat-e-gerami ki qasam jis key siwa koi ma’abood nahin! emaan bil-ghaib say afzal kisi momin ka emaan nahin ho sakta, phir aap ney
﴾
الَّذِیْنَ یُؤْمِنُوْنَ بِالْغَیْبِ
ۙ
ذٰلِكَ الْكِتٰبُ لَا رَیْبَ ۛۖۚ فِیْهِ ۛۚ هُدًی لِّلْمُتَّقِیْنَ
الٓمّٓ
﴿
In aayaat ki telawat farmayi. Is ko Ibn-e-Abi Hatim (Rahimahullah), Ibn-e-Mardawiyah (Rahimahullah) ne aur Hakim (Rahimahullah) ne bhi Mustadrak mein zikr kiya aur kaha hai: Yeh rewaayat Bukhari-o-Muslim (Rahimahumallah) ki shart par sahih hai aur unhon ney isey rewaayat nahin
1.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri :1/150
Baqarah : 2 | Ayat : 3
231
الٓمّٓ
: 1
kiya hai.
1
Isi hadees key ham ma’ana woh rewaayat hai jisey Imaam Ahmad (Rahimahullah) ney Ibn-e-Muhaireez (Rahimahullah) say bayan kiya hai keh main ney Abu Jum’ah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) say kaha keh hamein koi aisi hadees bayan karen jisey aap ney Rasoolullah (ﷺ) say suna ho.
Unhon ney kaha: Haan, main tumhein aik bahut acchi hadees sunata hun, ham ney Rasoolullah (ﷺ) key sath dopeher ka khana khaya, Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) bhi hamare sath they.
Unhon ney arz ki: Aye Allah key Rasool! Kiya ham say koi behtar ho sakta hai? Ham aap key sath islam laye aur ham ney aap key sath mil kar jehaad bhi kiya hai.
Farmaya: [نَعَمْ! قَوْمٌ يَّكُوْنُوْنَ مِنْ بَعْدِكُمْ يُؤْمِنُوْنَ بِيْ وَلَمْ يَرَوْنِىْ]
“Han, woh log jo tumhare ba’ad hon ge aur mere sath emaan rakhte hon ge, halanakeh unhon ney mujhe dekha nahin hoga.”
2
Baqiyah Tafseer Aayat No: 3
Iqaamat-e-salaat Key Ma’ani:
Ibn-e-Abbaas farmate (Radhi Allahu Anhu) hain keh ﴾وَیُقِیْمُوْنَ الصَّلٰوةَ﴿ kema’ani ye hai ke woh namaz ko us ke faraaiz ke sath qaaim karte hain.
3
Zehaaq (Rahimahullah) ney Ibn-e-Abbaas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) say rewaayat kiya hai keh Iqaamat-e-salaat key ma’ani yeh hain keh Rukoo-o-Sujood ko pura pura ada kiya jaye, telawat ki jaye, khushu-o-khuzu aur puri puri tawajjah key sath namaz ada ki jaye.
4
1.
Tafseer Ibn-e-Abi Hatim : 1/36
Mustadrak Lil-Haakim Kitab-ut-Tafseer : 2/260, Hadees : 3033 wal-lafz lahu.
Sunan Sa’eed Bin Mansoor : 2/544, Hadees : 180
2.
Musnad Ahmad : 4/106
Sunan Daarimi, Kitab-ur-Reqaaq, Baab fee fazl aakhiri haazihil-ummah:2/244, Hadees: 2744
3.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri :1/153
4.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri :1/153
Baqarah : 2 | Ayat : 3
232
الٓمّٓ
: 1
Qatadah (Rahimahullah) farmate hain keh Iqaamat-e-salaat key ma’ani yeh hain keh namaz key auqaat, wuzoo, rukoo aur sujood ki hifazat ki jaye.
1
Maqaatil bin Hayyaan ka qaul hai keh Iqaamat-e-salaat say muraad yeh hai keh namaz key auqaat ki hifazat ki jaye, mokammal tahaarat ka ahtemaam kiya jaye, Rukoo-o-Sujood poore kiye jayein, namaz mein Qur’an Majeed ki telawat ki jaye, tashahud mein Nabi (ﷺ) par durood parha jaye to yeh hai iqaamat-e-salaat.
2
Kharch Karne Say Muraad:
Ali bin Abu Talha waghairah ney Ibn Abbaas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) say
﴾
ۙ
وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنٰهُمْ یُنْفِقُوْنَ
﴿
rewaayat kiya hai:
say muraad yeh hai keh woh
apne amwaal ki zakaat ada karte hain. Suddi ney Abu Malik aur Abu Saaleh key hawale say Ibn Abbaas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) say aur Murrah key waaste say Ibn Mas’ood (Radhi Allahu Anhu) say aur deegar bahut say Sahaaba-e-Kiraam (Radhi Allahu Anhum) say bhi rewaayat kiya hai keh is say muraad ahl-o-ayaal par kharch karna hai, kiyun keh yeh aayat zakaat ka hukm nazil hone say pehle nazil huwi hai.
3
4
Juwaibir ne Zehaaq say rewaayat kiya hai keh nafaqaat taqarrub-e-ilaahi key husool ka zariyah they. Hazraat Sahaaba-e-Kiraam apne maqdoor-o-istetaa’at key ba-qadar kharch kar key taqarrub-e-ilaahi key husool ki koshish kiya karte they, hatta keh farz sadaqaat key baare mein hukm nazil ho gaya aur yeh hukm Surah Baraa’at ki un saat (7) aayaat mein hai jin mein sadaqaat ka zikr hai, in aayaat say pehla hukm mansookh aur farz sadaqaat ka hukm saabit hota hai.
5
Allah Ta’aala ney bahut say moqamat par namaz aur maal kharch karne key mas’ale ko mila kar bayan farmaya hai kiyun keh namaz Allah ka haqq aur us ki ibaa’dat hai aur yeh Allah ki tauheed, us ki hamd-o-sana, uski
par mushtamil hai, jab keh infaaq us ki makhlooq say ehsaan karna aur usey nafa pahunchana hai. Is key sab say ziyadah mustahiq qareebi rishtedar, ahl-o-ayaal aur insaan key apne mamlook hote hain, phir ajnabi log, lehaaza tamaam wajib nafaqaat aur farz zakaat irshad bari ta’aala:
1.
Tafseer Ibn Abi Hatim:1/37
2.
Tafseer Ibn Abi Hatim:1/37
3.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri : 2/154
4.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri : 1/154
5.
Tafseer-ut-Tabri : 1/154
4.
Aur mumkin hai yahan Surah Baraa’at ki mukhtalif aayaat muraad hon, Masalan: 34, 60, 91,
99, 103….
Baqarah : 2 | Ayat : 3
233
الٓمّٓ
: 1
baargah-e-aqdas mein ilhaa-o-zaari, us say dua aur us ki zaat-e-gerami par tawakkul par mushtamil hai, jab keh infaaq us ki makhlooq say ehsaan karna aur usey nafa pahunchana hai. Is key sab say ziyadah mustahiq qareebi rishtedar, ahl-o-ayaal aur insaan key apne mamlook hote hain, phir ajnabi log, lehaaza tamaam wajib nafaqaat aur farz zakaat irshad bari ta’aala:
ۙ
﴾
وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنٰهُمْ یُنْفِقُوْنَ
﴿
mein dakhil hain.
Yahi wajah hai keh Sahih Bukhari-o-Muslim mein ibn Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) say rewaayat hai keh Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ney farmaya:
[بُنِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ : شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَّا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللّٰهُ ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَّسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ ، وَإِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ ، وإِيْتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ ، وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ ، وَحَجِّ الْبَيْتِ ]
“Islam ki bunyad paanch (5) baaton par rakhi gayi hai:
1.
Is baat ki gawahi dena keh Allah key siwa koi ma’abood nahin aur Mohammad (ﷺ), Allah key Rasool hain.
2.
Namaz qaaim karna
3.
Zakaat Ada Karna.
4.
Ramadan key roze rakhna.
5.
Aur Baitullah ka hajj karna.”
1
Is mazmoon ki aur bhi bahut si ahadees hain.
As-Salaat Key Ma’ani:
Arabic zabaan mein ( صلاة ) key asal ma’ani dua key hain aur istelaah-e-shari’at mein yeh lafz Rukoo-o-Sujood wali is ibaa’dat key liye iste’imaal hone laga hai jis key makhsoos af’aal hain aur jisey khaas auqaat mein ma’aroof shuroot aur mash’hoor sifaat Wa Anwaa key sath ada kiya jata hai, Ya’ani ab yeh lafz namaz key liye iste’imaal hone laga hai.
1.
Sahih-ul-Bukhari , Kitab-ul-emaan, Baab duaau’kum emaanukum….., Hadees: 8
Sahih Muslim, Kitab-ul-emaan, Baab bayan arkaan-e- islam……, Hadees: 16