23. CHORI KARNA [Theft]
Chori
Allah Tala ne farmaya:
وَالسَّارِقُ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فَاقۡطَعُوۡۤا اَيۡدِيَهُمَا جَزَآءًۢ بِمَا كَسَبَا نَـكَالًا مِّنَ اللّٰهِ ؕ وَاللّٰهُ عَزِيۡزٌ حَكِيۡمٌ ۞
“Aur chour mard ho tou, Aurat ho tou, donon kay hath kaat dalo un kay is fail kay badle mein, ye Allah ki taraf se batour e saza kay hai aur Allah ghalib hikmat wala hai “.
( Al-Maida:38 )
Ibne Shahhab رحمه الله ne farmaya: Allah ne logon kay amwal chouri karne ki saza, hath katna muq’qarar farmai hai, aur Allah chour se intiqam lene kay bare mein ghalib hai, aur us ne chour ka hath katne ki jo saza muq’qarar ki hai, us mein wo Hakeem o Dana hai.
Aur Ap ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Zaani jab zinna karta hai tou us waqt Momin nahi hota aur chour jab chouri karta hai tou wo us waqt Momin nahi hota, lekin touba pesh ki jaegi.” [Bukhari ( 6810 ) Muslim ( 57 )]
Ibn-e-Umar رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh Nabi ﷺ ne aik dhaal ki chour par, jis ki qeemat teen dirham thi, hath kata. [Bukhari wa Muslim]
Ayesha رضي الله عنها bayan karti hain, Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya: “dhaal ki qeemat se kam chouri kiya hai? Unho ne farmaya: chothai denar, aur aik riwayat mein hai, farmaya: “chothai denar ki chouri par hath kaato aur agar us se kam ho us par na kaato”. (Un donon chothai denar teen dirham kay brabar tha aur denar bara dirham ka hai) [Ahmed]
Abu Huraira رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain, Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Allah us chour par lanat farmae, Anda chouri karta hai, tou us ka hath kaat diya jata hai, aur rassi chouri karta hai tou us ka hath hath diya jata hai”. [1] A’mash bayan karte hain keh wo (ande se) lohe ka anda murad lete the, aur rassi kay bare mein un ka khayal tha keh us se murad rassi hai jis ki qeemat teen dirham kay brabar ho. Ayesha رضي الله عنهما bayan karti hain, Makhromiya aurat Ariyatan saman leti aur phir usse wapis nahi karti thi ( us kay ba’ad wale hisse Hadith se maloom hota hai keh wo chouri kiya karti thi), tou Nabi ﷺ ne us ka hath katne ka hukum darmaya. Us kay ahl-e-khana Usama bin Zaid رضي الله عنه kay pas aae tou unho ne us kay mutaliq baat ki, unho (Usama) ne Nabi ﷺ se baat (sifarish ) ki tou Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Usama ! Main tumhen, Allah Tala ki hudood mein se kisi had kay bare mein sifarish karte hue na dekhon” phir Nabi ﷺ Khutba irshad farmane kay liye khare hue tou farmaya: “ussi cheez ne tum se pehle logon ko hal’lak kiya, un ka mamool tha keh jab un mein se koi Shareef (mu’aziz bare khandan wala) chouri karta tou wo usse chor dete, aur jab un mein se koi zaeef shakhs chouri karta tou wo us ka hath kaat dete the, us zaat ki qasam jis kay hath mein Meri Jan hai! Agar Fatima binte Muhammad ( ﷺ ) bhi chouri karte tou main us ka hath kaat deta”. [2]
Phir Makhromiya ka hath kaat diya gaya.
Abdullah bin Jurair bayan karte hain, ham ne fizzala bin Ubaid se chour ka hath kaat kar us ki gardan mein latkane kay mutaliq sawal kiya ye sunnat se sabit hai? Tou unho ne farmaya, Nabi ﷺ kay pas aik chour laya gaya, us ka hath kaat diya jata, phir Ap ne us kay mutaliq hukum farmaya tou is ( hath ) ko us ki gardan se latka diya gaya.
Ulma ne farmaya: chour ki touba tab hi nafa mand hogi keh us ne jo chouri ki hai, wo maal wapis kare, aur agar wo muflis ho tou phir sahib-e-maal se maaf karwae. Wallahu A’lam
[1] Bukhari ( 6788 )’ Muslim ( 1688 )
[2] Bukhari ( 6782 ) Muslim ( 1687 )
REFERENCE:
Book: “Kabeerah Gunah”
Taleef: Shaikh Ul Islam Shams ad-Dīn adh-Dhahabī Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah: Abu Anas Muhammad Sarwar Gohar.
Theft
Allah says,
{As to the thief, male or female, cut off his or her hand: retribution for their deed and exemplary punishment from Allah, and Allah is exalted in power, full of Wisdom.}
(05:38)
Ibn Shihab commented, ‘I Allah severely punished whosoever steals people’s property by cutting off his / her hand. And He is Almighty in retribution and full of wisdom in dispensing the penalty he has prescribed for thieves.
The Prophet said, “When an adulterer commits illegal sexual intercourse, then he is not a believer at the time he is doing it, and when somebody drinks an alcoholic drink, then he is not a believer at the time of drinking it,and when a thief steals, he is not a believer at the time he is stealing. The door of repentance is usually open “.
Ibn ‘Umar narrated, I’ Allah’s apostle cut off the hand of a thief for stealing a shield that was worth three dirhams.”¹
‘Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated, “The hand should be cut off for stealing something that is worth a quarter of a dinar or more.”²
The Prophet said, “The hand of a thief was not cut off except for stealing something equal to a shield in value.” It was said, “
`Aishah: How much is shield worth?’ She answered: “A quarter of a Dinar.”³
According to ariothernarration the Prophet said, “Cut off (hands and feet) for stealing what is worth a quarter of a Dinar, but not less”.
A quarter of a dinar, by then, was worth three “Dirhams.”
Abu Hurairah narrated the Prophet as saying,
“Allah curses the thief who steals a “Baidhah” (or a helmet) for which his hand is to be cut off, or steals a rope for which his hand is to be cut off.”⁴
Ai-‘ Amash commented, “People used to interpret “Baidhah” as an iron helmet, and they used to think that the rope may cost a few dirhams.
`Aishah quoted, “A woman from Banu Makhzum used to borrow things and never give them back. Consequently,
| ¹Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. ²Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim ³Reported by Al-Bukhari. ⁴Reported by Al-Bukhari. |
Prophet passed an order to get her hand cut off.”¹.
“The woman’s people ~ame to Usama Ibn Zaid to intercede with the Prophet that he may pardon her. When Usamah spoke to Allah’s apostle about that matter, Allah’s apostle said, “Do you intercede (with me) to violate one of the legal penalties of Allah?” Then he got up and addressed the people, saying, “0 people! The nations before you went astray because if a noble person committed theft, they used to leave him, but if a weak person among them committed theft; they used to inflict the legal penalties on him. By Allah, if Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad committed theft, Muhammad would have cut off her hand!” ²
Abdul-Rahman Ibn Muhayriz asked Fudhalah Ibn Ubaid whether hanging the thiefs amputated hand to his neck is of the tradition of the Prophet. He said.
“A thief was summoned before the Prophet who gave an order to cut off his hand and tie it to his neck.”³
The Muslim Jurists viewed that a thiefs’ repentance is not valid unless he gives back what he has robbed. In case he is bankrupt, he should ask the real owner of the stolen thing to pardon him.
| ¹Reported by Al-Bukhari. ²Reported by Al-Bukhari. ³ Reported by At- Tirmidhi. |
REFERENCE:
BOOK: “MAJOR SINS” OF IMAM SHAMSU ED-DEEN DHAHABI.
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