04. ASMAA-E-HUSNA KE USOOL, QAWAA’ID AUR AADAAB
ASMAA-E-HUSNA KE USOOL, QAWAA’ID AUR AADAAB
Ibn-e-Abi Zaid Al-Qairawani (Rahimahullah) farmaate hain :
وله الاسماء الحسنى والصفات العلی
“Aur usi (Allah) ke liye Asmaa-e-Husna aur ‘Aali sifaat hain”.
(Muqaddamah-e-Ibn-e-Abi Zaid Al-Qairawani Ma’a Ash-Sharah: Qatf-ul-Jinni Ad-Daani: Safhah: 82)
Is ki sharah mein Shaikh Abdul Muhsin Al-Abbaad Al-Madani farmaate hain:
Allah ke naam aur us ki sifaat ilm-ul-ghaib se hain jin ke baare mein naazil shudah wahi Allah ki kitaab aur us ke Rasool ke baghair kalaam karna jaaiz nahi hai.
Asmaa (naamon) aur Sifaat mein se sirf usi ka isbaat (wa iqraar) karna chahiye jise Allah Azza wa Jalla ne apne liye ya us ke Rasool ne us (Allah) ke liye saabit qaraar diya hai. Woh sifaat jo Allah Sub’haanahu wa Ta’aala ki shaan ke laaiq hain ta’aweelaat-e-baatilah, kaifiyyat (ke baare mein sawaal) aur tamseel (makhlooq se misaal dena) ke baghair, tahreef (badal dena) aur ta’ateel (mu’attal qaraar dene) se bachte huwe (aur) har naa zeba cheez se tanzeeh (bari-uz-zimmah aur paak hone) ka aqeedah rakhte huwe iqraar karna chahiye. Jaisa keh Irshaad-e-Baari Ta’aala hai:
لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ
“Tarjumah: Us (Allah) ki misil koi cheez nahi aur woh السَّمِيعُ (sun’ne wala) aur الْبَصِيرُ (dekhne wala) hai.” (Shoora: 11)
Allah Ta’aala ke naamon ka zikar Qur’an-e-Kareem mein aaya hai, Allah ne unhen Asmaa-e-Husna qaraar diya hai. Irshaad-e-Baari Ta’aala hai:
وَلِلَّهِ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَى فَادْعُوهُ بِهَا
“Tarjumah: Aur Allah ke Asmaa-e-Husna (behtareen naam) hain, pas use un (naamon) ke saath pukaaro.”
(Al-A’araaf: 180)
Allah ke Asmaa-e-Husna ka ma’anaa yeh hai keh woh (khubsoorti mein) husn ke buland tareen aur a’alaa tareen maqaam par pahunche huwe hain. Unhen sirf achhe naam hi nahi kaha jaata balkeh Asmaa-e-Husna kaha jaata hai.
Allah ke saare naam mushtaq (alfaaz-o-kalaam se nikaale gaye) hain jo keh ma’aani par dalaalat karte hain aur isi se (us ki) sifaat hain. Masalan: Azeez izzat par, Hakeem hikmat par, Kareem karam par, Azeem azmat par, Lateef lutf par aur Ar-Rahman Ar-Raheem rahmat par dalaalat karte hain, aur yahi mafhoom doosre naamon mein bhi hai.
Allah ke naamon mein koi ism jaamid nahi. Ba’az Ulamaa ne jo Allah ke naamon mein “Ad-Dahr” shumaar kiya hai to yeh sahih nahi hai.
Allah Tabaarak wa Ta’aala ke naam kisi (khaas) ta’adaad mein mahsoor nahi hain balkeh un mein se ba’az naam aise hain jo Allah Azza wa Jalla ne logon ko bataaye hain aur ba’az ko apne ilm-e-ghaib mein rakha hai.
(Musnad Ahmad: 391 Haa 3712) Ibn-e-Hajar ne ise Hasan aur Shaikh Albani ne As-Silsilah As-Sahihah (198, 199) mein Sahih kaha hai.
Rahi woh Hadees jise Bukhari (7392, 2410, 2736) aur Muslim (2677) ne Abu Hurairah (Razi Allah Anhu) se riwaayat kiya hai keh beshak Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ne farmaaya: Allah ke 99 (Ya’ani) aik kam 100 naam hain, jis ne unhen yaad kar liya woh Jannat mein daakhil hoga. Yeh Hadees is ta’adaad (99) mein, Allah ke naamon ko munhasir karne ki daleel nahi hai balkeh yeh to is par dalaalat karti hai keh Allah ke naamon mein se 99 naam aise hain jinhen agar koi yaad kar le to Jannat mein daakhil hoga. Jaise agar koi kahe keh mere paas 100 kitaaben hain jinhen main nay Taalib-e-Ilmon ke liye tayyaar kiya hai to yeh is ki daleel nahi hai keh us ke paas 100 se Ziyaada kitaaben nahi hain.
(Shifaa-ul-Aleel, Ibn-ul-Qayyim, Safhah: 84)
Allah ke ba’az naam aise hain jo doosron par bhi istemaal kiye jaate hain, jaisa keh Irshaad-e-Baari Ta’aala hai:
لَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَءُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ
(Taubah: 128)
Jin ma’aani par yeh naam dalaalat karte hain un mein Khaaliq Makhlooq ke mushaabih nahi aur na Makhlooq Khaaliq ke mushaabih hai.
Ba’az aise naam hain jo sirf Allah ke baare mein kahe jaa sakte hain kisi doosre ke baare mein yeh naam kahna jaaiz nahi. Masalan: Allah, Ar-Rahman, Al-Khaaliq, Al-Baari, Ar-Razzaaq aur As-Samad wagairah.
BOOK: 99 Beautiful Names of Allah
Mualif: Dr. Shaikh Arshad Basheer Umari Madani (Hafizahullah)
Muraaja’ah Shaikh Abdul Azeem Madani (Hafizahullah)
Doctor R K Noor Muhammad (Rahimahullah)