04. TARK-E-NAMAZ [Neglect of the Prayer]
Tark-e-Namaz:
Allah ta’ala ne farmaya:
فَخَلَفَ مِن بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ أَضَاعُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَاتَّبَعُوا الشَّهَوَاتِ ۖ فَسَوْفَ يَلْقَوْنَ غَيًّا۞إِلَّا مَن تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا
“Phir un kay ba’ad Chand na-khalaf ae jinhon ne namaz ko zaya kia aur khuwahishate nafsani kay peeche par gae, pas bohot jald wo gumrahi ki saza paenge, ba-juz us kay jis ne taubah ki , Iman laya aur naik amal kie”
(Mariam 19: 59-60)
Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما ne farmaya:
“Unhon ne namaz ko zaya kia “
Is se murad yeh nahin keh unhon ne kulli taur par namaz tark kar di thi, balkeh is se murad yeh hai keh unhon ne namazon ko un kay oqat se mu’akhar kar dia tha.
Imamut taba’een Sa’eed bin Al Musayyab رحمه الله ne farmaya:
Is se murad woh shakhs hai jo zohor ki asr ka waqt ho Jane par, asr ki maghreb kay waqt kay qareeb aur maghreb ko Isha ka waqt ho Jane par parhta hai, jab keh namaze Fajr, tuloo’e aftaab kay qareeb parhta hai. Pas jo shakhs isi halat par israr karte hue aur taubah kie bagher faut ho jae tou Allah ne us se “ghayy” ka wada kia hai aur yeh Jahannum ki ek bohot gehri waadi hai jis ka zaiqa bohot bura hai aur Allah ta’ala ne ek dusri ayat mein farmaya:
فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ ۞ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ۞
“Pas un namazion kay lie kharabi hai, Jo apni namazon se be-khabar hain”
(Al ma’oon 107: 4-5)
Ya’ani jo un namazon se ghafil hain aur unhen ziadah ehmiyat nahin dete, Sa’ad bin Abi Waqas رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain, main ne RasullAllah ﷺ se un logon kay muta’alliq dariaft kia Jo apni namazon se ghafil hain tou aap ne farmaya:
“is se murad waqt se mu’akhar karna hai” [1]
Ya’ani namaz ko us kay waqt se mu’akhar karna, unhen namazion kay nam se mosum kia, lekin jab unhon ne unhen ehmiyat na di aur unhen un kay waqt se mu’akhar kia tou un se “wail” ka wadah kia.
“Wail” se murad “shadeed azab” hai.
Ba’az ne kaha hai keh “wail” Jahannum mein ek waadi hai , agar Dunia kay Pahar us mein daal die jaen tou uski shiddate hararat ki wajah se woh bhi pighal jaen. “Wail” ese logon ka maskan hai jo namaz ko ehmiyat nahin dete aur un kay waqt se mu’akhar karte hain, albattah Jo shakhs Allah kay huzoor taubah kar le aur apne kie par nadim ho tou uska maamla alag hai.
Allah ta’ala ne ek dusri ayat mein farmaya:
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تُلْهِكُمْ اَمْوَالُكُمْ وَ لَاۤ اَوْلَادُكُمْ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللّٰهِۚ-وَ مَنْ یَّفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ فَاُولٰٓىٕكَ هُمُ الْخٰسِرُوْنَ۞
“Ae Iman walo! Tumhare maal aur tumhari aulad tumhen Allah ki yaad se ghafil na karne paae, aur jo koi aisa karega, ese log hi khasara uthane wale hain”
(Al munafiqoon 63:9)
Mufassireen ne bayan kia hai keh is ayat mein “Allah kay zikar” se murad “panchon namazen hain”
Pas jo shakhs apne maal kay zarie apni khareedo farokht, apni ma’eeshat, apni san’ato tijarat aur apni aulad ki wajah se masroof ho kar namaz ko us kay waqt se mu’akhar kar de, tou esa shakhs nuqsan uthane walon mein se hai. Isi tarah Nabi Akram ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Roz-e-Qayamat bande se us kay aa’mal mein sab se pehle namaz ka hisab lia jaega, agar woh durust hui tou woh shakhs kamiabo Kamran Hoga, aur agar us mein nuqs raha tou woh nakamo namurad hoga”
Allah ta’ala ne Jahannumion kay baare mein khabar dete hue farmaya:
[1] Bazar ne Ekramah bin Ibrahim ki riwayat se ise apni masnad mein moquf riwayat kia hai, marfoo’ nahin.
Munzari aur Ekramah ne kaha:
Iska rawi azdi hai jis kay za’eef hone par ijmaa’ hai.
Durust bat yahi hai keh yeh Saad bin Abi Waqas رضي الله عنه ka qaul hai, pas yeh moquf hai.
مَا سَلَكَكُمْ فِى سَقَرَ ۞ قَالُوا۟ لَمْ نَكُ مِنَ ٱلْمُصَلِّينَ ۞ وَلَمْ نَكُ نُطْعِمُ ٱلْمِسْكِينَ ۞ وَكُنَّا نَخُوضُ مَعَ ٱلْخَآئِضِينَ ۞وَكُنَّا نُكَذِّبُ بِيَوْمِ ٱلدِّينِ ۞حَتَّىٰٓ أَتَىٰنَا ٱلْيَقِينُ ۞ فَمَا تَنفَعُهُمْ شَفَـٰعَةُ ٱلشَّـٰفِعِينَ ۞
“Kon si cheez tumhen dozakh mein le ai? Woh jawab denge keh ham na namaz parhte the na miakeenon ko khana khilaya karte the aur ham Qayamat kay din ko hamesha jhutlaya karte the hatta keh ham ko maut agai, pas shafa’at karne walon ki shafa’at un kay kisi Kam na aegi”
(Al Muddathir 74: 42-48)
Aur Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Hamare aur un kay darmian Jo ehed hai woh namaz ka ehed hai, pas jis ne use tark kia tou us ne kufur kia” [Musnad Ahmed 346/5; Tirmidhi 2623]
“Bande aur kufur kay darmian Jo hadde fasil hai woh Tark-e-Namaz hai” [Muslim 82]
Aur RasulAllah (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ki namaze asr faut hogai tou us kay Amal zaya hogae” [Ibne Majah 694; Bukhari 553]
Neez RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jo shakhs jaan bujh kar namaz chor de tou usse Allah ka zimma khatam hojata hai ”
[apne shawahid kay Sath yeh Sahih hai; Dekhie Al arwaa 2026]
Aur aap (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Mujhe hukum dia gaya hai keh main logon se qital karta rahun hatta keh woh yeh iqrar kar len keh Allah kay Siwa koi ma’bud nahin aur namaz qaim karen aur zakat adaa kare , pas jab woh yeh aa’mal baja laen tou unho ne haqe Islam kay elawa apni janen aur apne amwal mujh se bacha lie aur unka hisab Allah kay zimme hai” [Bukhari 25; Muslim 22]
Aur aap (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ne us (namaz) ki hifazat ki tou us kay lie Roz-e-Qayamat Noor wa burhan aur nijaat hogi aur jis shakhs ne uski hifazat na ki tou us kay lie Roz-e-Qayamat Noor wa burhan na hogi na nijat aur wo Qayamat kay din firaun, qaroon, Haman, aur ubai bin khalaf kay Sath hoga” [Ahmad 169/2; Ibne Hibban 1467 Iski sanad Hasan hai]
Umar رضي الله عنه ne farmaya:
“Sun lo! Jis ne namaz ko zaya kia , uska Islam mein koi hissa nahin” [Ibne Abi Shaibah fil (Iman) 103]
Ba’az ulama ne bayan kia:
Taarike namaz ka in chaaron kay Sath hashar hoga, uski wajah yeh hai keh woh apne maal ya apni badshahat ya apni wazarat ya apni tijarat ki wajah se namaz se ghafil raha, agar tou woh apne maal ki wajah se ghafil raha tou uska hashar qaroon kay Sath hoga, agar apni badshahat ki wajah se ghafil raha tou firaun kay Sath hashar hoga, agar wajahe ghaflat uski wazarat bani tou phir uska hashar Haman kay Sath hoga, aur agar woh apni tijarat ki wajah se ghafil raha tou phir uska hashar kuffare Makkah kay tajir ubai bin khalaf kay Sath hoga”
Maaz bin jabal رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ne jaan bujh kar farz namaz tark kar di tou us se Allah عزوجل ka zimmah aur amaan khatam hui ” [Ahmad an ma’az bin jabal رضي الله عنه]
Umar bin Khattab رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain ek aadmi RasullAllah ﷺ ki khidmat mein hazir hua tou us ne arz kia . Allah kay Rasul! Allah ta’ala ko Islam mein konsa Amal ziada mehboob hai? Aap ne farmaya:
“Namaz ko us kay waqt par adaa karna , jis ne namaz tark ki tou uska Deen nahin, aur namaz Deen ka sutoon hai” [Baihiqi fi shau’bil Iman . Iski sanad za’eef hai, imam Hakim ne farmaya: Ekramah ne Umar رضي الله عنه se nhi suna]
Jab Umar bin Khattab رضي الله عنه ko naiza mara gaya tou kisi ne kaha:
Ameerul Momineen! Namaz
Unhon ne farmaya: han, kyun keh jis ne namaz zaya ki tou uska Islam mein koi hissa nahin aur aap رضي الله عنه ne namaz adaa ki jab keh apka khoon beh raha tha
Abdullah bin shafeeq taba’i bayan karte hain, RasullAllah ﷺ kay sahaba, namaz kay elawa kisi aur Amal kay tark karne ko kufur khayal nahin karte the, Ali رضي الله عنه se ek be-namaz aurat kay muta’alliq pucha gaya tou unhon ne farmaya:
“Jo namaz na parhe tou woh kafir hai” [Tirmidhi; Hakim]
Ibne Mas’ood رضي الله عنه ne farmaya:
“Jo namaz na parhe tou uska koi Deen nahin” [Muhammad bin Nasar ne ise moquf riwayat kia hai]
Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنه ne farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ne jaan bujh kar ek namaz chor di, tou woh Allah ta’ala se is halat mein mulaqat karega keh woh us par naraz hoga”
Aur RasulAllah (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Jo shakhs is haal mein Allah se mulaqat karega keh woh namaz zaya karta hoga, tou Allah uski naikion ki zarra bhar parwah nahin karega, jab keh woh namaz zaya karta hoga “ [Tabrani fil ausat]
Ibne Hazam ne farmaya:
“Shirk kay ba’ad , namaz ko us kay waqt se mu’akhar karne aur kisi momin ko Nahaq qatal karne se bara koi gunah nahin”
Ibrahim Nakha’i رحمه الله ne farmaya:
“Jis ne namaz tark ki tou us ne kufur kia “
Ayub Sukhtiani رحمه الله ne bhi isi tarah kaha hai
Aun bin Abdullah رحمه الله ne farmaya:
Jab bande ko uski qabar mein dakhil kia jata hai tou usse sab se pehle namaz kay baare mein pucha jata hai, agar woh durust hui tou phir us kay baqi aa’mal ko dekha jata hai aur agar woh durust na hui tou phir us kay ba’ad us kay kisi Amal ko nahin dekha jaega
Aur Aap (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Jab Banda awal waqt mein namaz adaa karta hai tou woh aasman ki taraf buland hoti hai aur us kay lie Noor hota hai hatta keh woh arsh tak pohonch jati hai aur woh Roz-e-Qayamat tak apne parhne wale kay lie maghfirat talab karti rehti hai, aur woh kehti hai , Allah tumhari hifazat farmae jese tum ne Meri hifazat ki, aur jab Banda namaz ko us kay waqt se hat kar adaa karta hai tou woh aasman ki taraf buland hoti hai , uski tareeki hoti hai, jab woh aasman tak pohonchti hai tou use boseedah kapre ki tarah lapait dia jata hai aur use parhne wale kay munh par maar dia jata hai aur woh kehti hai: Allah tumhen zaya kare jese tum ne mujhe zaya kia” [ At Tabrani fil ausat1; Iski sanad za’eef hai]
Abdullah bin Amr bin Aas رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“3 qisam kay logon ki namaz qubool nahin hoti, Jo logon ki imamat karae jab keh woh use na-pasand karte hon, Jo kisi azaad kardah shakhs ko ghulam bana le aur woh shakhs Jo namaz ko uska waqt khatam ho Jane kay ba’ad parhe” [Abu Dawood]
Aur aap (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ne kisi uzur kay bagher do namazen jama ki tou us ne kabeera gunahon kay abwab mein se ek Azeem baab par dastak di” [Mustadrik Hakim]
Pas ham Allah se taufeeqo a’aanat talab karte hain, kyun keh woh bara sakht daata aur bohot hi rehem karne wala hai.
Aur aap (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ne kisi uzur kay bagher do namazen jama ki tou us ne kabeera gunahon kay abwab mein se ek Azeem baab par dastak di” [Mustadrik Hakim]
Pas ham Allah se taufeeqo a’aanat talab karte hain, kyun keh woh bara sakht daata aur bohot hi rehem karne wala hai.
FASAL:
*Bache ko kis Umar mein namaz ka hukum dia jae?*
RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jab bacha 7 baras ka hojae tou use namaz ka hukum do aur jab wo 10 baras ka ho jae tou namaz na parhne par uski pitai karo” [1]
Aur ek riwayat mein hai:
“Apni aulad ko namaz ka hukum do jab wo 7 baras kay hon, aur jab woh 10 baras kay hojaen tou unhen namaz na parhne par saza do, aur (usi Umar mein) un kay bistar alag kar do”
Imam Abu Sulaiman Khattabi رحمه الله ne farmaya:
Yeh Hadith taarike namaz ko sakht saza dene par dalalat karti hai
Imam Shafa’i رحمه الله kay ba’az Sathi is Hadith se, baligh shakhs ko Jan bujh kar namaz tark karne par wajibul qatal hone ki daleel lete hain , aur woh kehte hain: jab na-baligh shakhs tarke namaz par pitai ka mustahiq hai tou yeh cheez is par dalalat karti hai keh wohi (taarike namaz) shakhs bulooghat kay ba’ad esi saza ka mustahiq qarar pata hai jo pitai se ziada baleegh ho aur pitai kay ba’ad qatal se ziada koi cheez shadeed nahin
Ulama ne taarike namaz kay hukum kay baare mein ikhtilaf kia hai:
Imam Malik, Imam Shafa’i aur Imam Ahmed رحمهم الله ne farmaya:
Taarike namaz ko talwar kay waar se qatal kia jae phir unhon ne is kay kufur kay baare mein ikhtilaf kia hai keh jab woh bila uzar ise tark kar de hatta keh uska waqt jata rahe
Pas Ibrahim Nakha’i [2], Ayub Sukhtiani [3] , Abdullah bin Mubarak, Ahmad bin Hambal [4] , aur Ishaq bin rahwaih [5] رحمهم الله
ne farmaya: woh kafir hai aur unhon ne Nabi ﷺ kay is farman se istadlal kia hai:
“Hamare aur un kay mabain Jo ehed hai woh namaz hai, pas jis shakhs ne use tark kia tou us ne kufur kia”
Aur aap (ﷺ) ka farman hai:
“Aadmi aur kufur kay darmian hadde fasil namaz hai”
| [1] Abu Dawood [2] Ibne yazeed Abu Imran koofi Nakha’i, kutube sittah kay rijaal mein se hain, 96 hijri ko wafat paai [3] kutube sittah kay rijaal kay imam hain, 131 hijri mein wafat paai [4] Ilm kay imam, sheikhul muhaddiseen , faqeeh aur Imam Bukhari,imam Muslim aur Imam Abu Dawood رحمهم الله kay ustaad hain, 241 hijri mein wafat paai [5] Ishaq bin Ibrahim bin Muhammad Hanzali Abu Muhammad, Ibne rahwaih kay nam se shohrat paai, Imam Muslim, Abu Dawood, Imam Nisai kay ustaad, imam , faqeeh aur Al hafiz hain, 238 hijri mein wafat paai |
FASAL
Hadith [1] mein warid hai:
yeh Hadith Nabi ﷺ se sabit nahin , imam as suyooti ne ise baatil qarar dia hai
Al meezan
“Jo shakhs farz namazon ki hifazat kare tou Allah ta’ala use 5 ai’zazat wa in’amat ataa farmaega, usse rizq ki tangi aur azab dur kar dega , uska naamae aa’mal us kay daaen hath mein ataa karega, woh Tez bijli ki Tarah pul sirat se guzar jaega aur woh bila hisab jannat mein dakhil ho jaega aur woh shakhs use ma’muli samjhega tou Allah use 15 qisam ki sazaen dega. Un mein se 5 Dunia mein, 3 maut kay waqt, 3 qabar mein aur 3 qabar se nikalne par, pas Jahan tak Dunia ki sazaon ka ta’alluq hai tou un mein se pehli yeh hai keh uski Umar se barkat utha li jaegi, dusri yeh keh us kay chehre se saliheen ki alamat mita di jaegi, teesri saza yeh hai keh woh jo bhi Amal karega Allah ta’ala us par ajar nahin dega aur chothi saza yeh hai keh uski Dua aasman ki taraf buland nahin hogi, jab keh panchwi yeh hai keh saliheen ki Dua mein se uska koi hissa nahin hoga.
Jahan tak maut kay waqt pohonchne wali sazaen hain, tou un mein se yeh hai keh woh shakhs zillat ki maut marega , dusri yeh hai keh woh bhuka marega aur teesri yeh hai keh woh piyasa marega, agar use Dunia kay tamam samandaron ka Pani pila dia jar tou uski piyas nahin bujhegi
Aur jo sazaen use qabar mein milengi, un mein se pehli yeh hai keh uski qabar us par tang kar di jaegi, hatta keh us mein uski paslian ek dusre mein dakhil ho jaengi , us par qabar mein aag jalai jaegi, woh angaaron par din rat karwaten badalta rahega, aur teesri saza yeh hai keh keh us par shuja’ aqra’ (ganja azdaha) naami sanp musallat kar dia jaega, uski ankhen aag ki aur us kay nakhun lohe kay honge, aur har nakhun ki lambai ek din ki musafat kay barabar hogi, woh mayyat se kalam karega aur kahega main shuja’ aqra’ hun, uski awaz zor daar garaj ki tarah hogi, woh kahega mere Rabb ne mujhe hukum dia hai keh main tumhen namaze subha zaya karne par tuloo’e aftaab tak maarun aur main tumhen namaze zuhur zaya karne par asr tak marun, namaze asr zaya karne par maghreb tak maarun, namaze maghreb zaya karne par namaze Isha tak maarun aur namaze Isha zaya karne par subha tak tumhen maarun, pas woh jab bhi ek baar use marega tou wo 70 hath zameen mein dhans jaega aur woh Roz-e-Qayamat tak musalsal zameen mein saza pata rahega aur jo sazaen use qabar se nikalne par milengi woh Qayamat kay katehre mein hisab ki sakhti, Rabb ki narazgi aur Jahannum mein dakhlah hai.
Aur ek riwayat mein hai:
“Woh Qayamat kay roz is haal mein aega keh us kay chehre par 3 satren likhi hongi, pehli satar hogi Allah kay Haq ko zaya karne wale! Dusri satar hogi Allah kay ghazab kay makhsus shakhs! Teesri satar hogi jis tarah tum ne Dunia mein Allah ka Haq zaya kia , pas aj Tum Allah ki rehmat se na-umeed ho jao!”
Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما bayan karte hain :
“Jab Qayamat ka din hoga, tou ek admi ko laya jaega aur use Allah عزوجل kay samne khara kia jaega, tou woh us kay muta’alliq Jahannum ka hukum farmaega tou woh shakhs arz karega: Rabb ji! Yeh kyun? Tou Allah ta’ala farmaega:
“Namaz ko us kay waqt se mu’akhar karne aur Meri jhuti qasam khane ki wajah se”
RasullAllah ﷺ se marwi hai keh aap ne ek din sahaba kay lie Dua farmai:
“Ae Allah! Ham mein se kisi ko shaqi aur mehrum na chorna”
Phir aap (ﷺ) ne farmaya :
“Kia Tumhen ma’lum hai keh shaqi aur mehrum kon hai?”
Unhon ne arz kia:
Allah kay Rasul! Woh shakhs kon hai?
Aap ne farmaya:
“Taarike namaz”
Aur marwi hai keh Roz-e-Qayamat sab se pehle taarike namaz kay chehre ko siyah kia jaega aur Jahannum mein “Al laham” nami ek wadi hai, jis mein sanp hain aur har sanp oont ki gardan jitna mota hai, uski lambai mahine ki musafat kay barabar hai, woh taarike namaz ko dasega tou us ka zeher us kay jisam mein 70 baras tak josh Marta rahega, phir uska gosht gal jaega”
Hikayat:
Marwi hai keh bani Israel ki ek aurat Musa عليه السلام kay pas ai tou us ne arz kia, Allah kay Rasul! Main ne ek bohot bare gunah ka irtikab kia hai aur main ne us kay baare mein Allah kay huzoor taubah ki hai, pas aap Allah se Dua karen keh woh mera gunah ma’af farma de aur Meri taubah qubool farma le, tou Musa عليه السلام ne use farmaya:
Tera gunah kia hai? Us ne arz kia:
Main ne Zina kia phir ek bache ko Janam dia aur phir main ne use qatal kar dia, Musa عليه السلام ne use farmaya:
Faajra aurat! Nikal ja, kahin Teri nahoosat ki wajah se aasman se aag na anzil ho jae aur woh hamen bhi Jala dale, pas woh shikasta Dil kay Sath un kay pas se Chali ai tou Jibrael عليه السلام tashreef lae aur farmaya:
Musa! Rabb ta’ala Tum se puchta hai keh ae Musa! Tum ne ek taaibah aurat ko kyun lauta dia? Kia tum ne us se bhi Bure shakhs ko nahin paya? Musa عليه السلام ne pucha : Jibrael! Usse ziada bura shakhs kon hai? Us ne kaha: jaan bujh kar namaz chorne wala.
Dusri Hikayat:
Ba’az salaf se riwayat hai keh woh apni behen ki fautgi par aya, dafan karte waqt us kay maal ki theli uski qabar mein gir pari lekin use pata na chala hatta keh woh us qabar se aa gaya, phir use yaad aya tou woh uski qabar par dobara aya aur logon kay chale Jane kay ba’ad us ne qabar ko khoda tou dekha us ki qabar se aag kay sho’le buland ho rahe hain, pas us ne dobarah matti daal di aur woh rota hua ghamgeen Surat mein apni walidah kay pas aya tou kaha:
Amma Jan! Mujhe bataen keh Meri behen kia Amal kia karti thi? Us ne kaha:
Tum us kay muta’alliq kyun sawal kar rahe ho? Us ne bataya: Ami Jan! Main ne uski qabar mein aag kay sho’le buland hote hue dekhe hain. Wo bayan karte hain, walidah ne Rona shuru kar dia aur kaha: mere bete! Teri behen namaz ko ma’muli samjha karti thi, pas yeh namaz ko mu’akhar karne wale ka haal hai tou phir namaz na parhne wale ka Kia haal hoga? Pas ham Allah ta’ala se darkhwast karte hain keh woh hamen namaz ko us kay oqat mein parhne aur us ki hifazat karne ki taufeeq wa a’aanat farmae, kyun keh wohi sakhi daata hai.
FASAL
Ye fasal us shakhs kay baare mein hai jo namaz mein thonge marta hai aur ruku’ wa sujood pure nahin karta. Allah ta’ala kay is farman:
فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ ۞ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ۞
“Pas namazion kay lie wail hai Jo apni namazon se ghafil hain”
(Al ma’oon 107: 4-5)
Ki tafseer kay baare mein marwi hai keh is se murad woh shakhs hai jo jaldi jaldi thonge mar kar namaz parhta hai, us kay rukoo’ aur sujood pure nahin karta
Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه se marwi hai keh ek aadmi ne namaz parhi, phir aya tou Nabi ﷺ ko Salam kia, aap ne use Salam ka jawab dia aur farmaya:
“Wapas Jao, namaz parho kyun keh tum ne namaz nahin parhi”
Woh shakhs phir gaya aur hasbe sabiq namaz parhi, phir ap ki khidmat mein aya tou Nabi ﷺ ko Salam kia, pas ap ne Salam ka jawab dia aur farmaya:
“Wapas Jao namaz parho kyun keh tum ne namaz nahin parhi, 3 martabah farmaya”
Pas us ne teesri martabah arz kia: Allah kay Rasul! Us zaat ki Qasam jis ne apko Haq kay Sath mab’oos kia hai jo is se behtar ho woh ap mujhe sikha den, tou aap ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jab Tum namaz kay lie khare ho tou Allah u Akbar Kaho , phir jo Quran tujhe yaad ho us mein se parh phir rukoo’ kar, hatta keh tu itmenan se rukoo’kare, phir khare ho jao hatta keh tum sahih tarah khare Hojao, phir sajdah karo hatta keh tum itmenan se sajdah karo, phir beth Jao hatta keh tum itmenan se beth jao, phir sajdah karo hatta keh tum itmenan se sajdah karo, aur phir apni Puri namaz mein isi tarah karo” [Bukhari wa Muslim]
Al badri رضي الله bayan karte hain, RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Woh namaz kifayat nahin karti jis mein aadmi rukoo’ wa sujood kay dauran, apni kamar seedhi nahin karta ” [Musnad Ahmed]
Ek aur dusri riwayat mein hai:
“Hatta keh woh rukoo’wa sujood mein apni kamar seedhi rakhe”
Aur yeh Nabi ﷺ se sabit hai keh aap ne us shakhs ko Jis ne namaz parhi aur us ne rukoo’wa sujood kay ba’ad kamar ko seedha na kia jesa keh wo thi, farmaya: uski namaz baatil hai aur yeh farz namaz mein hai aur isi tarah itmenan yeh hai keh har uzw apni jagah par ajae aur qarar pakre.
Aur aap se sabit hai keh aap ne farmaya:
“Chori karne kay lihaz se woh shakhs sab se ziada shadeed hai Jo apni namaz ki chori karta hai”
Arz kia gaya , woh apni namaz ki chori Kese karta hai? Aap ne farmaya:
“Woh uska rukoo’ pura karta hai ne us kay sujood, aur na hi us mein qira’at mukammal karta hai ” [3]
Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jo shakhs apne rukoo’wa sujood mein apni kamar seedhi nahin rakhta tou Allah uski taraf (nazre rehmat se) nahin dekhega ” [4]
Aur ap ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Yeh munafiq ki namaz hai jo betha rehta hai aur Sooraj ka intizar karta rehta hai hatta keh jab woh Shaitan kay do seenghon kay darmian hota hai, tou khara ho jata hai 4 thonge Marta hai, aur un mein Allah ka zikar bohot Kam karta hai ” [ Bukhari wa Muslim]
Abu Musa رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain: RasullAllah ﷺ ne ek roz apne Sahabah ko namaz parhai , phir beth gae, itne mein ek aadmi aya aur khara ho kar namaz parhne Laga tou woh jaldi jaldi rukoo’wa sujood karne Laga, tou RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Tum ise dekh rahe ho, agar yeh faut ho jata tou yeh Muhammad ﷺ kay Deen kay elawa kisi aur Deen par faut hota, yeh apni namaz mein is tarah thonge Marta hai, jis tarah kawwa khoon mein thong Marta hai ” [Ibne khuzaimah]
Umar bin Khattab رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Har namazi kay daaen aur baaen ek ek farishta hota hai, agar woh use mukammal karta hai tou woh use le kar Allah ta’ala ki taraf buland ho jate hain aur agar woh use mukammal na kare tou phir woh use us kay chehre par marte hain ” [Dar qutni fil afraad; Iski sanad za’eef hai]
Ubadah bin saamit رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jo shakhs wuzu kare aur achi tarah wuzu kare , phir namaz kay lie khara ho tou us kay rukoo’wa sujood aur us mein qira’at ko mukammal kare to namaz kehti hai:
Allah tumhari hifazat farmae, jese tum ne Meri hifazat farmai , phir use aasman ki taraf le jaya jata hai aur uski chamak aur Noor hota hai, us kay lie aasman kay darwaze khol die jate hain, hatta keh woh Allah ta’ala kay huzoor pohonch kar apne parhne wale kay lie sifarish karti hai aur jab woh us kay rukoo’wa sujood mukammal karta hai, na us mein qira’at ka khayal rakhta hai tou namaz kehti hai:
Allah tujhe zaya kare, jesa keh tu ne mujhe zaya kia phir use aasman ki taraf le jaya jata hai aur tareeki ne use dhanp rakha hota hai, pas us kay lie aasman kay darwaze band kar die jate hain, phir use boseedah kapre mein lapet kar namazi kay chehre par maar dia jata hai ” [Baihiqi fi shau’bil Iman; Iski sanad mein ahwas bin Hakeem, rawi za’eef hai]
Salman Farsi رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Namaz ek paimanah aur naap hai jis ne pura pura dia , tou use bhi pura pura dia jaega aur jis ne Kam dia, tou tumhen ma’lum hi hai keh Allah ne naap taul mein kami karne walon kay muta’alliq kia farmaya hai, Allah ta’ala ne farmaya:
وَيْلٌ لِّلْمُطَفِّفِينَ۞
“Naap taul mein kami karne walon kay lie wail (halakat wa tabahi) hai”
Al mutaffif se murad aisa shakhs hai Jo naap ya wazan ya paimaish ya namaz mein kami karta hai, Allah ne aise logon se “wail” ka wadah kia hai, Jo keh Jahannum mein ek waadi hai, jis ki hararat se Jahannum bhi panah mangti hai [Musnad Ahmed; Iski sanad mein Salim aur Sulaiman kay darmian inqitaa’ hai1]
Ham usse Allah ki panah chahte hain
Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jab Tum mein se koi sajdah kare tou woh apna chehra , apni naak aur apne hath zameen par rakhe, kyun keh Allah ta’ala ne Meri taraf wahi ki hai keh main 7 a’aza par sajdah karun, paishani, naak , donon hathelian, donon ghutne aur donon paun kay siron (unglion) par neez yeh keh main baalon aur kapre ko na sametun, pas jo shakhs namaz parhe aur har uzw ko uska Haq na de tou woh uzw us kay lie la’anat karta rehta hai hatta keh woh apni namaz se farigh hojata hai” [7 a’aza par sajdah karne ki riwayat Bukhari aur Muslim mein bhi hai]
Huzaifa bin yaman رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh unhon ne ek aadmi ko namaz parhte hue dekha Jo namaz ka rukoo’ aur sujood pura nahin kar raha tha tou Huzaifa رضي الله عنه ne use kaha:
” Tum ne Jo namaz parhi hai, agar tum esi namaz parhte parhte faut ho jate tou tum Muhammad ﷺ kay Deen kay siwa kisi aur Deen par faut hote” [Bukhari]
Aur Abu Dawood ki riwayat mein hai keh unhon ne farmaya:
Tum yeh namaz kitni muddat se parh rahe ho? Is Ne kaha : 40 saal se, unhon ne jawab dia: Tum ne 40 saal se kuch nahin parha, agar tum isi halat mein faut hojate tou tum Muhammad ﷺ kay Deen kay siwa kisi aur Deen par faut hote “
Hasan Basri kaha karte the: Adam kay bete! Tere Deen ki kon si cheez tujhe Azeez hai jab keh Teri namaz tujhe Azeez nahin, halan keh Roz-e-Qayamat Tum se sab se pehle isi kay muta’alliq sawal kia jaega jesa keh Nabi ﷺ ka farman bayan ho Chuka hai:
“Bande se Roz-e-Qayamat us kay aa’mal mein sab se pehle uski namaz kay muta’alliq hisab lia jaega, agar woh durust hui tou woh shakhs kamiabo Kamran hua aur agar woh durust na hui tou phir woh nakamo namurad hua, pas agar faraiz mein se kuch kami hogai tou Allah ta’ala farmaega: dekho, kia mere bande kay kuch nawafil hain? Tou phir faraiz ki kami ko un nawafil kay zarie pura kia jaega, phir isi tarah us kay baqi aa’mal mein bhi hoga ” [Tirmidhi; Aur farmaya yeh riwayat Hasan ghareeb hai]
Pas bande ko chahie keh woh kasrat se nawafil adaa kare taakeh us kay faraiz ki kami ko un nawafil se pura kia ja sake,
وبالله التوفيق
FASAL
Qudrati taqat hone kay bawajud ba-jama’t namaz na parhne ki saza: Allah ta’ala ne farmaya:
يَوْمَ يُكْشَفُ عَن سَاقٍۢ وَيُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى ٱلسُّجُودِ فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ ۞خَـٰشِعَةً أَبْصَـٰرُهُمْ تَرْهَقُهُمْ ذِلَّةٌۭ ۖ وَقَدْ كَانُوا۟ يُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى ٱلسُّجُودِ وَهُمْ سَـٰلِمُونَ۞
“Jis din pindli se parda utha dia jaega aur logon ko sajdah ki taraf bulaya jaega, tou yeh log (sajdah) na kar sakenge, unki ankhen jhuki hongi aur un par zillat chaai hogi aur is se pehle unko sajdah ki taraf bulaya jata tha halan keh woh us waqt Sahih saalim the”
(Al Qalam 68: 42-43)
Aur yeh Qayamat kay din hoga keh nadamat ki zillat unhen dhanp legi, jab keh woh Dunia mein sajdon ki taraf bulae jate the.
Ibrahim at taimi bayan karte hain, ya’ani Azan aur aqamat kay zarie farz namaz ki taraf.
Aur Sa’eed bin Musayyab ne farmaya:
Wo “hayya alas Salah” aur “hayya alal falah” suna karte the aur woh Sahih saalim bhi hote the lekin woh uska jawab dete the na use qubool karte the
Ka’ab Al ahbaar ne farmaya: Allah ki Qasam! Yeh ayat tou ba-jama’t namaz se peeche reh Jane walon kay baare mein nazil hui hai, pas ba-jama’t namaz adaa karne ki taqato qudrat hone kay bawajud agar koi shakhs ba-jama’t namaz adaa nahin karta tou phir us kay lie is se barh kar ziada shadeed wa’eed kia ho sakti hai?
Isi tarah sunnat se bhi sabit hai, sahihain mein riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Main ne iradah kia keh main namaz qaim karne ka hukum dun, phir kisi aadmi ko hukum dun keh woh logon ki imamat karae , phir main kuch logon ko Jin kay pas lakrion kay gatthe hon, apne sath le kar Un logon kay pas jaun Jo ba-jama’t namaz adaa karne nahin aate tou main unhen un kay gharon samet aag se jala dun”
Un ko un kay gharon samet aag se jalane ki dhamki tarke wajib ki wajah se hai , bawajud yeh keh gharon mein bache aur maal-o-mataa’ bhi hai
Sahih Muslim mein hai keh ek nabeena shakhs Nabi ﷺ ki khidmat mein hazir hua tou us ne arz kia : Allah kay Rasul! Mera koi nahin jo mujhe masjid ki taraf le ae aur us ne Nabi ﷺ se darkhwast ki keh aap use Ghar hi mein namaz parhne ki ijazat de den, pas ap ne use ijazat de di, jab woh wapas Jane Laga tou ap ne use bulaya aur pucha : kia Tum namaz kay lie Azan sunte ho? Us ne kaha: ji han, ap ne farmaya:
“Tou phir qubool karo aur jawab do”
Ibne umme maktoom رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh woh Nabi ﷺ ki khidmat mein hazir hue tou arz kia, Allah kay Rasul! Madinah mein zehreele janwar aur darinde bohot ziada hain, main nabina hun aur Ghar bhi dur hai aur Mera ek qaaid hai, lekin woh Meri rehnumai nahin karta, kia mere lie rukhsat hai keh main Ghar mein namaz parh lia karun? Aap ne farmaya:
“Kia tum Azan sunte ho?”
Unhon ne kaha: ji han, aap ne farmaya:
“Phir jawab do aur qubool karo, kyun keh main tumhare lie koi rukhsat nahin paata” [Abu Dawood]
Pas us nabina shakhs ne jo keh masjid mein aane ki shikayt karta hai keh uska koi qaaid nahin jo use masjid pohoncha sake, lekin is kay bawajud Nabi ﷺ ne use apne Ghar mein namaz parhne ki ijazat aur rukhsat inayat nahin farmai, tou phir ese shakhs kay lie Ghar mein namaz parhne ki rukhsat Kese hogi Jo keh Beena wa Sahih saalim hai aur us kay pas koi uzar bhi nahin, isi lie jab Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما se ese shakhs kay baare mein dariaft kia gaya Jo din kay waqt Roza rakhta hai aur rat ko tahajjud parhta hai, lekin wo ba-jama’t namaz parhta hai ne jumu’ah ? Tou unhon ne farmaya: agar woh isi halat mein faut ho gaya tou woh Jahannumi hai”
[Imam Tirmizi ne usse moqoof riwayat kiya hai]
Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain:
“Agar Ibne Adam kay kaanon mein pighla hua seesa bhar dia jata tou yeh us kay lie behtar hai keh woh Azan sunte aur phir namaz na parhe”
Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما se marwi hai , unhon ne kaha RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jo shakhs namaz kay lie Azan sune , phir woh bila uzar namaz parhne na ae ” arz kia gaya, Allah kay Rasul! Uzar se kia Murad hai? Aap ne farmaya: khauf ya marzi, tou uski namaz Jo us ne (apne Ghar mein) parhi hai, qubool nahin hoti “ [Abu Dawood; Ibne Hibban]
Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما hi bayan karte hain, RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“3 qisam kay logon par Allah la’anat farmata hai: woh shakhs Jo logon ka Imam wa peshwa banta hai, jab keh woh use na-pasand karte hon, wo aurat Jo Puri rat is haal mein guzare keh us ka khawand us se naraz ho aur wo admi jo “Haiiya Allasalah Haiiya Alalfalah” sune aur phir namaz na parhe.” [Mustadrik Hakim]
Ali Bin Abi Taalib رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain: “Masjid kay parosi ki namaz srif masjid hi mein hoti hai.” Pocha gaya, masjid ka parosi kon hai?
Farmaya:
“Jo Azan sunta hai.” [Musnad Ahmed]
Abdullah bin Masood رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain, farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ko ye passand ho keh wo kal ya’ani Roz-e-qayamat Allah se is haal mein mulaqat kare keh wo Musalman ho, tou usse chahiye keh un paanch namazon ki, jahan se un ki Azan di jae, hifazat kare, kyun keh Allah ne tumhare Nabi kay liye hidayat kay tareeqe muq’qarar kiye aur ye hidayat kay tareeqon mein se hai. Agar tum ne apne gharon mein namazen parhein, jis tarah namaz se peeche reh jane wale shakhs apne ghar mein namaz parhta hai, tou phir to ne apne Nabi ki sunnat ko chor diya aur agar tum ne Apne Nabi ki sunnat ko chor dia tou tum gumrah hogae” aur ham ne dekha keh namaz se sirf wohi shakhs peeche rehta tha jis ka nifaq ma’lum hota ya woh mareez hota aur esa bhi hota keh aadmi ko do aadmion kay sahare laya jata aur use saff mein khara kar dia jata ya hatta keh use jama’t kay Sath namaz parhne kay lie masjid mein laya jata [1]
Rubai’ bin khaitham ka falij ki wajah se ek pehlu maflooj ho gaya tou woh do aadmion kay sahare namaz parhne kay lie masjid mein aate the, unse kaha gaya: Abu Muhammad! Ap ko tou Ghar mein namaz parhne ki rukhsat hai, kyun keh ap ma’zoor hain, tou woh kehte : masla to ese hi hai jese tum kehte ho, lekin main mu’azzin ko
حي على الصلوة ، حي على الفلاح
kehte hue sunta hun, pas jo shakhs siren ya ghutnon kay bal bhi namaz parhne aa sake tou use aana chahie
Haatimul asan bayan karte hain : ek martabah Meri jama’at ki namaz faut hogai tou sirf Abu Ishaq Bukhari akele ne mujh se ta’ziat ki aur agar Mera koi bacha faut ho jata tou 10 hazar se zaaid afrad mujh se ta’ziat karte kyun keh Deen ki musibat aur nuqsan ki logon kay han, Dunia kay nuqsan ki nisbat kuch ehmiyat nahin.
Ba’az salaf kaha karte the: agar kisi ki jama’t ki namaz faut hojati hai tou woh us kay kisi gunah kay irtikab ki wajah se faut hoti hai
Ibne Umar رضي الله عنه apne khajooron kay bagh ki taraf tashreef le gae , pas jab wapas ae tou log namaze asr parh chuke the , tou Umar رضي الله عنه ne kaha :
Meri namaze asr ki jama’t faut hogai, main tumhen gawah banata hun keh Mera yeh bagh masakeen par sadqah hai taakeh Umar ne jo kia hai yeh uska kaffarah ban sake.
__________________________________
[1] lekin targheebo tarheeb mein ye riwayat Muslim aur Abu Dawood ki taraf mansoob hai, aur usi tarah musannife kitab (imam zahabi) ne ise الصغرى mein zikar kia hai , yahan Sahih Bukhari ka hawala sabqate Qalam ya phir kisi katib ki ghalti se hua hai
FASAL:
Namaze Isha aur namaze Fajr ki hazri ki ziada khayal rakhna chahie , kyun keh Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya farmaya:
“Yeh donon namazen munafiqon par bohot bhari hain”
Ya’ani namaze Isha aur namaze Fajr, agar unhen in kay ajar kay baare mein pata chal jata tou wo un mein zarur hazir hote khuwah siren kay bal hi ana parta” [1]
Ibne Umar bayan karte hain: jab ham mein se koi insan namaze Isha aur namaze Fajr ki jama’at se peeche reh jata tou ham us kay muta’alliq bura guman kar lete keh woh tou munafiq ho gaya [2]
Hikayat:
Ubaidullah bin Umar Al qawareeri (imam Bukhari, Imam Muslim aur Imam Abu Dawood رحمهم الله kay ustaad) bayan karte hain : Meri namaze Isha ki jama’at kabhi bhi faut nahin hui thi, ek Raat mere pas ek mehman agaya jiski wajah se main mashghool ho gaya aur is tarah Meri namaze Isha ki jama’at faut hogai, pas main namaz ba-jama’t ki talash mein Basra ki masjid mein gaya lekin main ne tamam logon ko dekha keh woh namaz parh chuke hain aur masajid band kar di gai hain, pas main apne Ghar wapas gaya aur kaha: Hadith mein hai keh ba-jama’t namaz akele namaz parhne se 27 darje ziada fazeelat rakhti hai islie main ne namaze Isha 27 martabah parhi, phir main so gaya, tou main ne khuwab mein dekha keh main kuch logon kay Sath hun Jo ghoron par sawar hain aur main bhi ek ghore par sawar hun aur ham ek dusre se aage Nikalne ki koshish kar rahe hain, main apne ghore ko Tez dorata hun lekin main un se mil nahin sakta, pas un mein se ek admi ne Meri taraf mutawajje ho kar mujhe kaha:
“Apne ghore ko mat thakao Tum hamare Sath nahin mil sakta , main ne kaha kyun? Us ne kaha ham ne namaze Isha ba-jama’t adaa ki hai jab keh tum ne akele parhi hai, pas main bedar hua tou main is wajah se maghmoom aur ranjeedah tha.
Pas ham Allah ta’ala se madad aur taufeeq ki darkhwast karte hain , kyun keh woh sakhi daata hai.
[1] Bukhari wa Muslim
[2] Bazar, Tabrani, Ibne khuzaimah
REFERENCE:
Book: “Kabeerah Gunah”
Taleef: Shaikh Ul Islam Shams ad-Dīn adh-Dhahabī Rahimahullah.Urdu Tarjumah: Abu Anas Muhammad Sarwar Gohar.
4. Neglect of the prayer
Allah Almighty says:
“An evil generation succeeded them, who neglected the prayer and followed their appetites. They will plunge into the Valley of Evil – except for those who repent and believe and act rightly.” [19:59]
Ibn ‘Abbas ( رضی اللہ عنہ) said, “The meaning of ‘neglected’ here does not imply complete abandonment of the prayer but delaying it beyond its time.” Sa’id ibn al-Musayyab, the Imam of the Tabi’un, said, “It means not praying Zuhr until the time of ‘Asr, not praying Asr until the time of Maghrib, not praying Maghrib until the time of Isha’, not praying ‘Isha’ until the time of Fajr, and not praying Fajr until the sun has risen. If someone dies persisting in this state without repenting, Allah has promised him ‘Ghayy’, which is a deep valley in Hell whose food is disgusting.”
Allah Almighty says in another ayat: “Woe to those who pray and are forgetful of their prayer” [107:04-05]
In other words, who are negligent and careless about it. Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas( رضی اللہ عنہ) said, “I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about those who are forgetful of their prayer, and he said, ‘It means delaying it” – in other words, delaying it beyond its time. (al-Bazzar) They are said to be ‘praying’ and yet they are negligent about the prayer and delay it beyond its time. Allah has promised such people ‘Wayl’, which means severe punishment. It is also said to be a valley in Hell. If the mountains of this world were placed in it, they would melt from the intensity of its heat. That will be the destination of those who are negligent about the prayer and delay it beyond its time- unless they repent to Allah Almighty and regret their negligence.
Allah Almighty says in another ayat:
“O you who believe, do not let your wealth or children divert you from the remembrance of Allah. Whoever does that is lost.” [63:09]
Commentators say that what is meant by “remembrance of Allah” in this ayat is the five prayers. Anyone who is preoccupied by his wealth through buying and selling, or concern for his livelihood, or the welfare of his children, from the prayer at its time is one of the lost. That is corroborated by the words of the Prophet (ﷺ) “The first action for which a person will be called to account on the Day of Rising will be the prayer. If it is in order, then he has been successful and won. If it is lacking, then he is ruined and lost.” (al-Mundhiri)
Allah Almighty says reporting about the inhabitants of Hell:
“What caused you to enter Saqar?’ They will say, ‘We were not among those who prayed and we did not feed the poor. We plunged with those who plunged and denied the Day of Judgement until the Certain came to us. The intercession of the interceders did not help them.” [74:42-48]
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “The contract is determined by that which is between us and the prayer: whoever abandons it has disbelieved.”
(Ahmad, Abu Dawud, an-Nasa’i and at-Tirmidhi) And in another hadith the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “All that stands between a person and disbelief is abandoning the prayer.”
(Ahmad, Muslim, Abu Dawud, an-Nasa’i, at-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah)
It is reported in Sahih Bukhari that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “If anyone misses the ‘Asr prayer their actions fall away.” In the Sunan we find that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “If someone abandons the prayer deliberately he has stepped outside the covenant of Allah.” (Ibn Majah and al-Bayhaqi)
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “I have been commanded to fight people until they say, “There is no god but Allah,’ establish the prayer and pay the zakat. When they do that, their lives and property are protected from me, except when there is a legal right, and their reckoning is up to Allah.” This is reported by the major hadith sources. The Prophet (ﷺ) says (about the prayers), “Whoever perseveres in them will have light, a proof and salvation on the Day of Rising. Whoever fails to persevere in them will have no light, proof or salvation on the Day of Rising. On the Day of Rising, he will be with Qarun, Haman and Ubayy ibn Khalaf.” (Ahmad)
‘Umar ibn al-Khattab ( رضی اللہ عنہ) said, “Anyone who neglects the prayer has no portion of Islam.” Al-Bayhaqi related that ‘Umar ( رضی اللہ عنہ) also said: “A man went to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and asked, ‘Messenger of Allah, which actions does Allah Almighty love the most in Islam?’ He answered, “The prayer at its time. Anyone who abandons the prayer has no deen. Prayer is the mainstay of the deen.” When ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab ( رضی اللہ عنہ) was stabbed, someone said to him, “The prayer, Amir al-Mu’minin.” He said, “Yes, there is no portion for anyone in Islam who abandons the prayer,” and he prayed with his wound gushing blood.
‘Abdullah ibn Shaqiq at-Tabi’i said, “The Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not think that abandoning any action was tantamount to disbelief except in the case of the prayer.” “Ali ( رضی اللہ عنہ) was asked about a woman who did not pray and said, “Anyone who does not pray is an unbeliever.” (at-Tirmidhi and al-Hakim) Ibn Mas’ud ( رضی اللہ عنہ) said, “A person who does not pray has no deen.” Ibn “Abbas ( رضی اللہ عنہ) said, “Anyone who abandons the prayer deliberately will find Allah angry with him when he meets Him.”
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “If someone meets Allah having squandered the prayer, Allah will pay no attention to any good action he did after abandoning the prayer.” Ibn Hazm said, “After shirk, there are no wrong actions greater than delaying the prayer beyond its time and killing a believer without right.” Ibrahim an- Nakha’i said, “Anyone who abandons the prayer has disbelieved.” Ayyub as-Sakhtiyani said the same. ‘Awn ibn ‘Abdullah said: “When a person is lowered into his grave, the first thing he will be asked about is the prayer. If his answer is satisfactory, then his other actions will be looked at, if not, then none of his other actions will be looked at.”
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “When someone prays the prayer at the beginning of the time, it rises to heaven accompanied by light until it reaches the Throne and asks forgiveness for the person who did it until the Day of Rising. It says, ‘May Allah safeguard you as you safeguarded me.’ When someone prays it outside its time, it rises to heaven accompanied by darkness. When it reaches heaven, it is rolled up like a tattered garment and thrown back in the face of the one who did it. It says, ‘May Allah make you lost as you lost me.’ (at-Tabarani)
Abu Dawud related in his Sunan that ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘As ( رضی اللہ عنہ) said that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Three will not have their prayer accepted: someone who leads a people by force, someone who enslaves a free person, and someone who comes to the prayer after its time has passed.” It has come that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Anyone who combines two prayers without an excuse has come to a great door of wrong action. (al-Hakim)
We ask Allah for success and help. He is Generous, Magnanimous and the Most Merciful of the Merciful.
SECTION: when a child should be ordered to pray
Abu Dawud related that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Order your children to pray when they are seven, beat them to enforce it when they are ten, and put them in separate beds.” Imam Abu Sulayman al-Khattabi said, “This hadith indicates that the punishment should be extremely harsh if an adult abandons the prayer.” One of the followers of Imam ash-Shafi’i uses it as proof of the obligation to put to death anyone who abandons the prayer after becoming adult. He says, “The fact that he deserves beating when he is not adult indicates that after puberty he deserves a more severe punishment than beating; and there is nothing more severe, after beating, than putting to death.”
Scholars disagree concerning the ruling about people who abandon the prayer. According to Malik, ash-Shafi’i and Ahmad, a person who abandons the prayer should be put to death by beheading. There is disagreement about whether a person who abandons the prayer beyond its time without any excuse is an unbeliever or not. Ibrahim an-Nakha’i, Ayyub as-Sakhtiyani, ‘Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak, Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Ishaq ibn Rahawayh say that he is an unbeliever. They find evidence in the words of the Prophet (ﷺ), “The contract between us and them is the prayer. Whoever abandons it has disbelieved,” and the words, “Abandoning the prayer is all that lies between a man and unbelief.”
Section
We find in a hadith: “Whoever perseveres in the prescribed prayers, Allah Almighty will grant him five honours: He will release him from straitened circumstances, rescue him from the punishment of the grave, give him his book in his right hand, let him pass over the Sirat like lightning, and admit him to the Garden without reckoning. But whoever makes light of them, Allah will afflict him with fourteen punishments: five in this world, three at death, three in the grave, and three when he emerges from the grave. As for those in this world, the first is the removal of blessing from his life, the second is that the mark of the righteous is removed from his face, the third is that no action he does will have any reward from Allah, the fourth is that his supplications will not rise to heaven, and the fifth is that no supplications of the righteous will count for him. Those that will afflict him at death are firstly that he will die disgraced, secondly that he will die hungry, and thirdly that he will die thirsty. Even if he were to be given the all seas of this world to drink, that would not quench his thirst. As for those which will befall him in his grave, the first is that the grave will be made so narrow for him that his ribs are crushed, the second is that a fire will be kindled for him in the grave over whose embers he will be turned night and day, and the third is that a bald-headed poisonous snake with eyes of fire and fangs of iron will be given power over him. The length of each fang is the length of a day’s journey. It will speak to his corpse and say, I am the bald-headed poisonous snake,’ and its voice is like shattering thunder. It will say, ‘My Lord commanded me to strike you for wasting the Subh prayer by delaying it until sunrise, to strike you for wasting the Zuhr prayer by delaying it until Asr, to strike you for wasting the Asr prayer by delaying it until Maghrib, to strike you for wasting the Maghrib prayer by delaying it until “Isha, and to strike you for wasting the ‘Isha’ prayer by delaying it until Subh.’ Whenever he strikes him a blow, he sinks seventy cubits into the earth, and he will continue to be punished in this way until the Day of Rising. As for that which will afflict him when he leaves his grave for the standing of the Resurrection, they are a harsh reckoning, an angry Lord and entrance into the Fire.” One variant has: “He will come on the day of Rising with three phrases inscribed on his face. The first is: ‘Neglecter of the right of Allah’; the second is: ‘Singled out for the wrath of Allah’; and the third is: ‘As you wasted the right of Allah in this world, despair today of the mercy of Allah.””
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said one day to his Companions (رضي الله عنهم), “O Allah, do not leave among us any deprived wretch!” Then he asked, “Do you know who the deprived wretch is?” They asked, “Who is it, Messenger of Allah?” He said, “Someone who abandons the prayer.” Ibn ‘Abbas ( رضی اللہ عنہ) related, “On the Day of Rising, a man will be brought and made to stand before Allah Almighty and He will command him to go to the Fire. He will ask, ‘O Lord, why?’ Allah Almighty will say, ‘For delaying the prayer until after its time and making a false oath by Me.””
It is related that the first faces to be blackened on the Day of Rising will be the faces of those who abandoned the prayer. There is a valley in Hell called al-Mulham which contains snakes. Every snake is like a camel’s neck in thickness and a month’s journey in length. They bite all those who abandoned the prayer and their venom will boil in their bodies for seventy years and then their flesh will rot.
A story is related about a woman of the tribe of Israel who went to Musa and said, “Messenger of Allah, I have committed a terrible sin and I have repented of it to Allah Almighty, so pray to Allah to forgive me my sin and relent towards me.” Musa asked her, “What was your sin?” She answered, “Prophet of Allah, I committed adultery and bore a child and killed it.” Musa (علیہ السلام) said to her, “Leave, strumpet, lest a fire from heaven descend and burn us for your misdeed!” She left with a broken heart. Jibril (علیہ السلام) descended and said, “Musa, the Almighty Lord says to you, ‘Why did you reject the repentant woman, Musa? Have you not found worse than her?”” Musa asked, “Jibril, who could be worse than her?” He replied, “Someone who deliberately abandons the prayer.”
There is another story from one of the Salaf, about a sister of his who died. He accidentally dropped a bag of money into her grave and did not become aware of it until he had left her grave.Then he realised what had happened and returned to her grave and dug it up after the people had left. He found a fire burning her in her grave, put the earth back on top of her and returned to his mother weeping in sorrow. He said, “Mother, tell me about my sister and what she did.” She said, “Why are you asking about her?” He said, “Mother, I saw a fire burning her in her grave.” She wept and said, “My son, your sister neglected the prayer and delayed it beyond its time.”
If that is the state of someone who just delays the prayer, what will it be like for someone who does not pray at all? We ask Allah Almighty to help us to keep to it at its prescribed times. He is Generous, Magnanimous.
Section: On the punishment of a person who performs the prayer like a pecking bird and does not properly complete the ruku’ and prostration.
It is related in the commentaries on the words of Allah Almighty: “Woe to those who pray and are forgetful of their prayer,”
[107:04-05] that they refer to people who pray like a pecking bird and do not complete its ruku and prostration.
The following is confirmed in the two Sahih collections from Abu Hurayra ( رضی اللہ عنہ) :”A man entered the mosque while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was seated in it. The man prayed and then came and greeted the Prophet (ﷺ), who returned his greeting and then said to him, ‘Go back and pray. You have not prayed.’ He went back and prayed as he had done the first time. Then he came and greeted the Prophet (ﷺ), who returned his greeting and again said, ‘Go back and pray. You have not prayed.’ He went back and prayed as he had prayed. Then he went and greeted the Prophet (ﷺ), and he returned his greeting and said, ‘Go back and pray. You have not prayed. The third time the man said, ‘By the One who sent you with the Truth, Messenger of Allah, I cannot do any better than that, so teach me.’ He (ﷺ) said, ‘When you stand for the prayer, say the takbir and then recite what is easy for you of the Qur’an. Then do ruku until you are at rest in your ruku. Then stand back up until you are completely upright. Then go into prostration until you are at rest in your prostration. Then sit back until you are at rest in the sitting position. Then go into prostration until you are at rest in your prostration. Do that throughout all of your prayer.””
Imam Ahmad related from al-Badri that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “A prayer in which a man does not make his spine straight in ruku’ and sujud is not accepted.” Abu Dawud and at Tirmidhi related it. This is a text from the Prophet (ﷺ) invalidating the prayer of anyone whose back is not straight in ruku and sujud in the obligatory prayer. It is also necessary to be at rest in each position which is when every limb has settled in its place.
It is confirmed that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “The worst thief is someone who steals from his prayer.” He was asked, “How can anyone steal from his prayer?” He said (ﷺ), “By not properly completing his ruku, sujud or recitation.”
Imam Ahmad related the hadith of Abu Hurayra ( رضی اللہ عنہ) In which :
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Allah does not look at a man whose spine is not straight between ruku and prostration.” The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “That is the prayer of the hypocrite who sits looking at the sun until it is between the horns of shaytan, and then stands up and pecks four times and only remembers Allah a little.” (al-Bukhari and Muslim) Abu Musa ( رضی اللہ عنہ) said, “One day the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prayed with his Companions and then sat down. A man entered and rose to pray, and he began to bow and prostrate like a pecking bird. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, ‘Do you realise that if this one died, he would die following something other than the religion of Muhammad (ﷺ) pecking in his prayer as a crow pecks at blood?”” Abu Bakr ibn Khuzayma transmitted it in a sound hadith.
‘Umar ibn al-Khattab ( رضی اللہ عنہ) related that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Everyone who prays has an angel to his right and an angel to his left. If he does the prayer properly, they take it up to Allah Almighty. If he does not, they strike his face.” (ad-Daraqutni) Al- Bayhaqi related with an isnad from ‘Ubada ibn as-Samit ( رضی اللہ عنہ) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “If someone performs wudu’ properly and then stands for the prayer and properly completes the ruku’, prostration and recitation in it, the prayer says, ‘May Allah preserve you as you preserved me!’ Then it is taken up to heaven accompanied by an illumination and a light. The gates of heaven are opened for it, and it is taken to Allah Almighty and intercedes for its performer. If someone does not complete bowing, prostration or recitation in it, the prayer says, “May Allah neglect you as you neglected me!’ Then it is taken up to heaven covered by darkness. The gates of heaven are closed to it and then it is rolled up like a tattered garment and is used to strike its performer in the face.”
Salman al-Farisi ( رضی اللہ عنہ) related that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “The prayer is weighed and measured. Whoever gives it full measure is given full measure for it. Whoever stints – you know what Allah says about the stinters. Allah Almighty says: “Woe to the stinters. (83:01) The stinters are those who give short measure or weight in goods or the prayer. Allah has promised them Wayl. It is a valley in Hell. Hell itself seeks refuge from its heat.” We seek refuge from that Ibn Abbas ( رضی اللہ عنہ) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, ‘When one of you prostrates he should put his forehead, nose and hands on the ground. Allah Almighty revealed that you should prostrate on seven limbs: the brow, the nose, both hands, the knees, and the tips of the toes. You should not prostrate on your hair or clothes. When someone prays and does not give every limb its due, that limb curses him until he finishes his prayer.”
Al-Bukhari transmitted from Hudhayfa ibn al-Yaman ( رضی اللہ عنہ) that he saw a man praying and not properly completing the bowing or prostration in the prayer. Hudhayfa told him, “You did not pray, and if you were to die praying this prayer you would die not conforming to the natural form of Muhammad (ﷺ).” One variant from Abu Dawud has that he asked, “For how long have you prayed the prayer like this?” He answered, “For forty years.” He said, “You have not prayed at all for forty years. If you were to die you would die not conforming to the natural form of Muhammad (ﷺ)!”
Al-Hasan al-Basri used to say, “Son of Adam, what part of your deen can be said to be dear to you if your prayer is of no importance to you? It is the first thing which will be asked about on the Day of Rising, as is clear from the words of the Prophet (ﷺ) : “The first of his actions which a slave of Allah will be called to account for on the Day of Rising is his prayer. If it is in order, he has been successful and has won. If it is not, then he has lost and is ruined.
If some of his obligatory prayers are lacking, then Allah Almighty will say, ‘Look and see whether My slave has any voluntary prayers to make up for what is lacking of the obligatory;’ and then all his other actions will be examined in the same way.”
For this reason people should perform a lot of supererogatory prayers, so that they can make up for any shortfall in their obligatory ones.¹
Section: Greater concern for attending the ‘Isha’ and ‘Fajr’ prayers
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “There is no prayer heavier on the hypocrites than Fajr and ‘Isha’. If they only knew what is in them, they would come to them even if they had to crawl.” (al-Bukhari and Muslim) Ibn ‘Umar ( رضی اللہ عنہ) said, “When a man failed to join us in the Isha’ and Subh prayers in the group, we used to consider him a hypocrite.”
A narrative is recounted in which ‘Ubaydullah ibn Umar al- Qawariri said: “I used to never miss the ‘Isha’ prayer in a group. One night a guest arrived and I was busy with him and missed the Isha’ prayer in the group. I went out seeking to pray in the Basra mosque and found that all the people had already prayed and the mosques were shut. I returned to my house and said, “There is a hadith which says that the prayer in a group is twenty-seven degrees better than the prayer alone.’ So I prayed Isha’ twenty- seven times and then slept and dreamt that I was with some people on horses and I was also on a horse. We raced and I made my horse gallop but could not
catch them up. I turned to one of them and he said to me, ‘Do not exhaust your horse. You will never catch us up.’ ‘Why?’ I asked. He said, ‘Because we prayed ‘Isha’ in a group and you prayed alone.’ I awoke in sorrow because of that.” We ask Allah for help and success. He is Generous, Magnanimous.
*1. To avoid repetition, the section on the punishment of the one who neglects the prayer (in a group) when able to perform it has been moved to No. 65, near the end of the book, which deals with it as a specific wrong action.
REFERENCE:
BOOK: “MAJOR SINS” OF IMAM SHAMSU ED-DEEN DHAHABI.
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