49. MUSIBAT KAY WAQT NOHE KARNA KAPDE PHARDHNA WAGERAH [Slapping, Wailing, Tearing garments, shaving the head, pulling out hairs & lamenting loudly in a time of affliction]
NOHE KARNA
MUSEEBAT KAY WAQT PEETNA, NAUHA KARNA, KAPRE PHARNA, SAR KAY BAAL MOONDNA, UKHARNA AUR TABAHIWA BARBADI KAY ALFAZ KEHNA:*
Abdullah bin Mas’ood رضي الله عنهما bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jo shakhs rukhsar peete , gireban chaak kare aur jahiliyat ki si baten kare tou woh ham mein se nahin” [Bukhari: 1297: Muslim: 103]
Abu Musa Ash’ari se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne (musibat kay waqt) nauha karne wali, baal moondne wali aur kapre pharne wali se bezari wa la ta’alluqi ka izhar farmaya
In tamam umoor ki hurmat par ulama ka ittefaq hai , isi tarah baal bikherna, rukhsar PEETNA, chehre ko nochna aur tabahio barbadi kay alfaz kehna bhi haram hai, umme atiya رضي الله عنها bayan karti hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne ba’it kay waqt ham se ehed lia tha keh ham nauha nahin karengi
Abu Hurairah bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Logon mein do khaslaten hain aur woh donon kufur hain, nasab mein ta’an karna aur mayyat par nauha Karna” [Muslim: 67]
Abu Saeed khudri bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne nauha karne wali aur sunne wali par la’anat farmai
Abu Hurairah bayan karte hain, Abu Musa Ash’ari ko takleef hui tou un par ghashi taari hogai, unka sar un kay ehel mein se kisi aurat ki gaud mein tha, woh zor zor se rone lagi, woh use baaz rakhne ki istita’at nahin rakhte the lekin jab afaqa hua tou farmaya: main usse bezari ka izhar karta hun jisse RasullAllah ﷺ ne bezari ka izhar kia tha, RasullAllah ﷺ ne nauha karne wali, baal moondne wali aur gireban chaak karne wali se bezari ka izhar kia tha
Nauman bin basheer bayan karte hain Abdullah bin Rawaha par ghashi taari thi tou unki behen un kay ausafo manaqib bayan karte hue kehne lagi: woh aise the, woh aise the, Jab apko afaqa hua tou unhon ne kaha: tum ne jo bhi kaha tou mujh se pucha gaya: tum is tarah ho tum is tarah ho [Bukhari]
Aur RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Mayyat par nauha kia jata hai tou us wajah se use qabar mein azab dia jata hai” [Muslim]
Abu Musa bayan karte hain jo marne wala marta hai aur use rone wala khara ho kar kehta hai:
Haae sardar! Haae Pahar! Woh aisa tha woh aisa tha, is tarah ki baten, tou us par do farishton ko muqarrar kar dia jata hai woh uski gardan marte hain (aur kehte hain) kia tum aise hi the?” [ Tirmidhi]
Aur aap ﷺ ne farmaya: “nauha karne wali jab apni maut se pehle tauba na kare tou Roz-e-Qayamat use is haal mein khara kia jaega eh us par taarkol ka kurta aur kharish zada zirah hogi” [Muslim: 934]
Aur aap ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Mujhe do ahmaq fajir awazon se mana’kia gaya hai: naghme, lahwo la’ib aur shaitani aalat ki awaz aur musibat kay waqt chehron ko nochne gireban chaak karne aur shaitani zor zor se rone wali awaz”
Hasan Basri ne farmaya: do awazen mal’oon hain: naghme kay waqt baansri ki awaz aur musibat kay waqt rone ki awaz
Aur RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“In nauha karne walion ki Jahannum mein do safen bana di jaengi woh Jahannumion par bhonkengi jese kutte bhonkte hen” [ Tabrani fil ausat]
Auza’i se riwayat hai keh Umar bin khattab ne rone ki awaz Suni tou ap apne sath Dusre logon kay sath wahan gae , aap unhen Marne lage hatta keh aap nauha karne wali tak pohonche tou aap ne use itna mara keh ap ki orhni gir gai aur farmaya: ise maaro yeh nauha karne wali hai, iski koi hurmat nahin, yeh Tumhare sadme ki wajah se nahin roti balkeh yeh tou tumhare dirham batorne kay lie apne aansu bahati hai, yeh tumhare murdon ko unki qabron mein aziyat pohonchati hai aur tumhare zindon ko un kay Ghar mein takleef pohonchati hai kyun keh yeh sabar se rokti hai, halan keh Allah ne uska hukum dia hai, aur jaza’ faza’ wa be Sabri ka muzahira karne ka hukum deti hai, halan keh Allah ne isse Mana kia hai, jaan lijie keh nauhe se murad hai mayyat kay mahasin bayan kar kay Rona
Ulama ne farmaya: ziada rone kay sath awaz buland karna haram hai, jab keh mayyat kay mahasin bayan kie bagher Rona haram nahin
Ibne Umar se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne Abdur Rahman bin auf, Saad bin Abi Waqas aur Abdullah bin Mas’ood رضي الله عنهما ki ma’iyat mein Saad bin ubada ki ayadat ki tou RasullAllah ﷺ rone lage, sathion ne RasullAllah ﷺ ka Rona dekha tou woh bhi rone lage
Tou aap ne farmaya: “kia tum sunte nahin keh Allah ankhon se behne wale aansu aur dil kay ghamgeen hone par azab nahin deta lekin use iski wajah se azab dia jaega ya rehem kia jaega” aap ne apni zaban ki taraf ishara kia
Usama bin Zaid se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ (roey) tou Saad ne arz kia: Allah kay Rasul yeh kia hai? Ap ne farmaya:
“Yeh rehmat hai jo Allah ne bandon kay dilon mein paida kia hai aur Allah apne rehem dil bandon par rehem farmata hai
Anas رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ apne bete Ibrahim kay pas us waqt pohonche jab woh qareebe Marg the, RasullAllah ﷺ ki ankhon se aansu behne lage, tou Abdur Rahman bin auf ne unse arz ki: Allah kay Rasul aap (rote hain) aap ne farmaya: “Ibne auf! Yeh tou rehmat hai” phir unhon ne akhri hichki li tou aap ne farmaya
” Ankh ansu bahati hai aur dil ghamgeen hai lekin ham par apne Rabb ki razamandi wala kalma hi bolenge. Ibrahim ! Ham teri judai par ghamgeen hain.” [Bukhari]
Aur wo sahih ahadith keh maiyat ko us kay ehl khana ki taraf se us par rone ki waja se azab diya jata hai. Is ka itlaaq us kay zahir par nahi balkeh ye mo’ol hai. Ulma ne is ki taweel mein ikhtilaaf kiya hai. Un mein jo zahir hai. Wallahu A’lam’ keh ye us oar mahmool hai keh us rone mein us maiyat ka koi sabab ho. Ya tou us ne un ko us ki wasiyar ki ho ya us kay ilawa koi aur sabab ho’ Imam Shaf’i رحمة الله kay pairokaar ne kaha hai: maut se pehle aur us kay ba’ad jaaiz hai. Lekin Hadith sahih kay lihaaz se pehle ziyada sahih hai.
“Jab maut waq’e hojae tou phir rona nahi.”
Imam Shaf’i رحمة الله aur un kay pairokaar ne us ss daleel li hai keh maut kay ba’ad rona makar wo tanz yahi hai’ makar wo tehreemi nahi aur unho ne
(( *فلا تبكين باكية* ))
“rone wali na roe”
Hadith ki karahat par taweel ki hai. Wallahu A’lam
*FASAL:
Noha karne wali kay liye ye azab aur lanat is liye hai keh be sabri ka hukum deti hai aur sabar se rokti hai jabkeh Allah aur us kay Rasool ne sabar karne aur sawab ki niyat karne ka hukum farmaya hai aur unho ne be sabri aur narazi ka izhaar karne se mana farmaya hai. Allah T’ala ne farmaya:
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱسْتَعِينُوا۟ بِٱلصَّبْرِ وَٱلصَّلَوٰةِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ۞
“Emaan walo! Sabar o Namaz se madad hasil karo’ beshak Allah sabar karne walon kay sath hai.”
Al-Baqara : 153
Ataa رحمة الله ne Ibne Abbas se riwayat ki hai: Allah farmata hai: main tumhare sath hon’ tumhari Madad karonga. Tumhen tanha nahi choronga. Allah T’ala ne farmaya:
*((ولنبلونكم))*
yaani tumhare sath azmane wala mamila karenge halankeh Allah mamilat kay anjam ko janta hai’ wo anjam maloom karne kay liye azmane ka muhtaj nahi lekin wo un se azmane wale ka sa mamila karta hai pas jo shakhs sabar karta hai tou wo apne sabar par ajar pata hai aur jo sabar nahi karta tou sawab ka mustahiq nahi thehrta.
(( *بشى من الخوف والجوع* ))
Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنه ne farmaya: ya’ani dushman kay (khouf) aur “joo’e” se book aur qeht murad hai.
(( *ونقص من الاصوال* ))
Ya’ani maal mein khasare aur nuqsan se aur maweshi ki halakat se.
((والانفس))
Maut’ qatal’ bemari aur burhape kay zare’a.
((والثمرات))
Ya’ani jis tarah pehle phal nikalte the ab waise nahi nikalte.
Phir ayat ka ikhtitam’ sabreen ko bashart de kar kia hai. Jo is par dalalat karta hai keh jis ne in masaib par sabar kiya tou us kay liye Allah ki taraf se sawab ka wada hai. Allah T’ala ne farmaya:
(( *وبشر الصابرين* ))
Phir un ki sift bayan ki:
(( *الذين إذا صابتهم مصيبة* ))
Ya’ani mazkora masaib mein se koi sakhti wa rangg puhnchta hai aur bhalai puhnchne ko musibat nahi kaha jata.
(( *قالو انا لله* ))
Wo kehte hain ham Allah kay Ubaid’ ghulam hain wo hamare sath jo chahta hai karta hai.
(( *وانا إليه راجعون* ))
Halak o fanna kay zare’a Allah ki taraf ruju karne ka ma’ani hai.
Hukum kay zare’a us akele ki taraf lotna jabkeh us ne duniya mein aik qoum ko hukum ka ikhtiyar diya tha. Jab bandon ka hukum zaail hogaya tou mamila Allah عز وجل ki taraf lout aya.
Ayesha رضي الله عنه se riwayat hai keh Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Momin ko koi takleef puhnchati hai tou Allah us ki waja se us se gunah mita diya hai hatta keh Agar use koi kaanta bhi chubhta hai” [Muslim]
Alqamah bin mursad bin sabit apne walid se riwayat karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jis shakhs ko koi musibat pohonche tou woh apni musibat ko meri musibat kay sath yad kare, kyun keh (meri) Sab se bari musibat hai” [Tabrani fil kabeer]
Aur RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Jab bande ka bacha faut hojata hai tou Allah farishton se kehta hai: tum ne mere bande kay bache (ki Rooh) ko
qabz kia (tou woh kia kehta tha?) Woh arz karte hain us ne teri hamd bayan ki aur
((انا لله وانا إليه راجعون))
Parha, Allah ta’ala farmata hai: mere bande kay lie jannat mein aik Ghar ta’meer karo aur uska nam Baitul hamd rakhdo” [Tirmidhi; Ibne Hibban]
Aur RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Allah ta’ala farmata hai: jab main apne bande ki, dunia mein sab se pasandeedah aur muntakhib cheez ki Rooh qabz karta hun aur woh sawab ki umeed karta hai tou phir us kay lie mere pas jo jaza hai woh jannat hai” [Bukhari]
Aur aap ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Aulade Adam ki sa’adat mandi hai keh woh Allah kay faisle par raazi ho aur aulade Adam ki bad naseebi hai keh woh Allah ta’ala kay faisle par naraz ho”
Umar bin khattab bayan karte hain:
“Jab maut ka farishta momin ki Rooh qabz karta hai tou woh darwaze par khara hojata hai jab keh Ghar wale shauro ghul karte hain, un mein se koi tabahio barbadi ko awaz deti hai tou maut ka farishta kehta hai: “yeh jaza’ faza’ kis wajah se?” Allah ki Qasam! Main ne tou tum mein se kisi ki Umar Kam nahin ki, main ne tumhara rizq bhi nahin uthaya aur main ne tum mein se kisi Par koi zulm bhi nahin kia agar tumhari koi shikayat aur narazi mujh par hai tou Allah ki Qasam! Main tou mamoor hun, agar tumhari mayyat par hai tou woh maqhoor hai aur agar tumhare tumhare Rabb par hai tou phir tum us kay sath kufur karte ho aur main tou tumhare pas ata hi rahunga hatta keh tum main se kisi ko bhi nahin chorunga”
RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Us zaat ki Qasam! Jis kay qabze mein meri jaan hai agar woh uski jagah dekh len aur uska kalam sun len tou woh apni mayyat se ghafil hojaen aur apne baare mein Rona Shuru karden (woh apni mayyat ko bhul jaen aur unhen apni fikar par jae)”
*TAAZIAT KAY BAARE MEIN FASAL:
Abdullah bin Mas’ood رضي الله عنهما Nabi ﷺ se riwayat karte hain aap ne farmaya:
” Jis ne kisi musibat zadah se taaziat ki tou us kay lie uski misal ajar hai”
Abu Hurairah Nabi ﷺ se riwayat karte hain aap ne Fatima رضي الله عنه se farmaya:
” Jis ne kisi aisi aurat se jiska bacha gum ho gaya taaziat ki tou use jannat ki Chadar pehnai jaegi” [Tirmidhi]
Abdullah bin Amr bin Aas se riwayat hai keh RasullAllah ﷺ ne Fatima رضي الله عنه se farmaya: Fatima! Kis cheez ne tumhen Ghar se nikala hai? Unhon ne kaha: main is Ghar walon se unki mayyat par rehem ki Dua karne aur unki taaziat karne ai thi
Amr bin Hazam Nabi ﷺ se riwayat karte hain aap ne farmaya:
“Jo momin apne kisi Bhai se uski musibat par taaziat karta hai tou Roz-e-Qayamat Allah use izzat ka jora pehnaega” [Ibne Majah]
Allah aap par rehem farmae, jaan lijie keh taaziat, sabar ki talqeen karna hai jisse mayyat wale ko tasalli ho, uska gham halka ho aur uski musibat asan ho, aur yeh mustahab hai kyun keh yeh Amar bil ma’roof wa nahi anil munkar par mushtamil hai aur yeh Allah ta’ala kay is farman mein dakhil hai:
((وتعاونوا على البر والتقوى))
Naiki aur taqwa mein aik dusre se ta’awun karo
Aur yeh sab se Ahsan hai jisse taaziat mein istadlal kia gaya hai
Jaan lijie keh taaziat “sabar karne ka hukum dena” hai , yeh dafan se pehle aur us kay ba’ad mustahab hai
Imam Shafa’i kay perokaron ne kaha: yeh mayyat kay faut hone se le kar dafan kay 3 din ba’ad tak rehti hai aur hamare ashaab ne kaha hai: 3 din kay ba’ad taaziat karna makrooh hai kyun keh taaziat pareshan dil ko sukoon faraham karti hai aur ghalib taur par dil ko 3 din ba’ad sukoon mil jata hai islie us kay gham jo Naya aur taaza nahin karna chahie, jamhoor ulama aur hamare ashaab ne is tarah kaha hai
Hamare ashaab mein se abul Abbas ne kaha: 3 din kay ba’ad tak bhi taaziat karne mein koi harj nahin balkeh yeh tou hamesha rehti hai, khuwah kitna hi waqt guzar jae, an nawawi ne farmaya: mukhtar mazhab yahi hai keh do surton kay siwa 3 din kay ba’ad taaziat na ki jae, yeh istasna hamare ashaab ne kia hai aur woh do surten yeh hai : jab taaziat karne wala ya musibat wala shakhs dafan kay waqt mojood na ho aur uski wapsi 3 din kay ba’ad hui ho or taaziat dafan kay ba’ad dafan kay pehle se Afzal hai kyun keh ehle mayyat uski tajheezo tadfeen mein masroof hote hain aur islie bhi keh us kay dafan karne kay ba’ad uski judai ki wajah se unki pareshani mein izafa hojata hai, bashart yeh keh un mein jaza faza’ na Dekhi jae lekin agar aisi surate haal ho tou phir taaziat pehle bhi ki ja sakti hai taakeh unhen sukoon ho والله أعلم
Taaziat kay lie bethna napasandeedah amar hai, ya’ani yeh keh ehle mayyat kisi Ghar mein jama hon taakeh jo shakhs taaziat karna chahe woh un tak pohonch sake , taaziat kay alfaz mash’hoor hain aur behtar alfaz jinse taaziat ki jae woh hain jo usama bin Zaid رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ki kisi beti ne apki taraf qasid bheja taakeh woh apko batae keh unka beta (aap ﷺ ka nawasa) maut ki kashmakash mein hai, aap ﷺ ne qasid se farmaya:
“Un kay pas Jao aur unhen batal keh Allah ki milkiyat hai jo us ne Lelia aur uska hai jo us ne ataa kia tha aur har cheez ka us kay han aik waqt muqarrar hai, unhen hukum do keh sabar karen aur sawab ki umeed rakhen”
An nawawi ne farmaya: yeh Hadith Islam kay Azeem qawa’id mein se hai jo bohot se ehem usoole deen, uski furoo’at , adaab , tamam masaaib par sabar , gham, beemarion aur un kay elawa Kai aghraz par mushtamil hai
Aap ﷺ kay farman:
((إن لله ما أخذ))
Ka ma’aani yeh hai keh tamam aalam Allah ki milkiyat hai , us ne tumhari tou koi cheez nahin li, balkeh us ne tou wohi cheez li hai jo uski tumhare pas aariyatan thi
((وله ما أعطى))
Us ne jo cheez tumhen ataa ki hai woh bhi uski milkiyat se kharij nahin, balkeh woh usi سبحانه و تعالى ki milkiyat hai woh us mein jese chahe karta hai
((وكل شيء عنده باجل مسمى))
Pas tum jaza’ faza’ na karo kyun keh woh cheez jis kay qabze mein thi us ne uski muqarrar muddat khatam kardi , usse taqdeemo takheer mahal hai, pas jab Tumne yeh sab kuch jaan lia tou phir jo musibat tum par aai hai us par sabar karo aur sawab ki umeed rakho والله أعلم
Mu’avia bin ayas apne walid se riwayat karte hain, woh Nabi ﷺ se riwayat karte hain keh aap ne apne aik Sahabi ko gum paya tou aap ne us kay baare mein pucha tou sahaba ne arz kia Allah kay Rasul! Uska beta jo ap ne dekha hai woh halak ho gaya hai pas Nabi ﷺ usse mile tou usse us kay bete kay baare mein pucha tou us ne apko bataya keh woh tou halak ho gaya hai aap ne usse taaziat ki aur phir farmaya:
“Ae fulan! Tujhe kon si cheez ziada pasand hai , yeh keh tum apni Umar mein usse faida uthate ya Kal tum jannat mein jis bhi darwaze par Jao tou use apne se pehle wahan paao jo tumhare lie us (darwaze) ko khole? ” Us ne arz kia: Allah kay Nabi! Woh mujh se pehle jannat mein chala jae aur woh mere lie uska darwaza khole tou yeh mujhe ziada Pasand hai”
Aap ne farmaya:
“Tumhare lie wohi hai”
Arz kia gaya, Allah kay Rasul! Yeh sirf is kay lie khas hai ya tamam musalmanon kay lie aam hai? Aap ne farmaya:
“Balkeh tamam musalmanon kay lie aam hai”
Abu Musa رضي الله عنه Nabi ﷺ se riwayat karte hain keh aap baqee’ (qabrustan) ki taraf tashreef le gae tou aap aik aurat kay pas ae jo aik qabar par ghutnon kay bal bethi hui ro rahi thi, aap ne use farmaya: “Allah ki bandi! Allah se dar ja aur sabar kar”
Us ne kaha: Allah kay bande! Mera beta faut ho gaya hai, aap ne farmaya: “Allah ki bandi! Allah se dar ja aur sabar kar”
Us ne phir kaha: Allah kay bande! Agar ye musibat tujhe pohonchi hoti tou tum mujhe ma’zoor samajhte, aap ne farmaya: “Allah ki bandi! Allah se dar ja aur sabar kar ”
Us ne kaha: Allah kay bande! Kia tumne mujhe suna nahin, wapas chale jao
Rawi bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ usse wapas chale gae, musalmanon mein se kisi aadmi ne use dekha tou woh us kay pas aya aur usse pucha: aadmi ne tumhen kia kaha tha? Us ne use woh sab kuch bataya jo us ne kaha tha aur jo is ne jawab dia tha, us ne kaha: kia tum unhen pehchanti ho? Us ne kaha: nahin, Allah ki Qasam! Us aadmi ne kaha: tujh par afsos hai woh tou RasullAllah ﷺ the, pas woh jaldi jaldi daur kar gai hatta keh us ne aap ko paa lia aur arz ki: Allah kay Rasul! Main sabar karti hun , aap ne farmaya:
“Sabar tou pehle sadme kay waqt hai”
Ya’ani sabar tou achanak musibat kay aane par kia jata hai aur jo us kay ba’ad hota hai woh tou taba’i taur par tasalli hojati hai
Sahih Muslim mein hai Abu Talha رضي الله عنه ka umme sulaim رضي الله عنها kay batan se paida hone wala beta faut ho gaya, tou us ne apne ehel se kaha keh Abu Talha ko nahin batana hatta keh main hi unhen bataungi, Abu Talha tashreef lae tou unhon (umme sulaim) ne unhen khana paish kia, unhon ne khana khaya aur Pani waghera pia, phir umme sulaim ne apne aap ko khub arasta kia , is tarah keh is se pehle unhon ne kabhi kabhi apne Aap ko aise arasta nahin kia tha pas unhon ne usse ta’alluq zano sho qaim kia, jab umme sulaim ne dekha keh woh sair hogae hain aur unse bhi ta’alluq qaim kar lia hai tou kaha, Abu Talha! Mujhe bataen keh agar kisi ne Ghar walon se koi cheez aariyatan li aur phir woh Ghar wale apni us cheez ka mutalibah karen tou kia unko haq pohonchta hai keh woh unko roken aur woh cheez wapas na karen, Abu Talha ne kaha: nahin , umme sulaim رضي الله عنها ne kaha: phir apne bete kay baare mein sawab ki umeed rakho
Rawi bayan karte hain Abu Talha tou naraz hogae aur kaha tum ne mujhe bataya hi nahin hatta keh main aalodah ho gaya tou phir Tumne mujhe mere bete kay muta’alliq bataya hai, Allah ki Qasam! Tum sabar kay baare mein mujh par ghalib nahin aogi, pas woh chale gae hatta keh RasullAllah ﷺ kay pas ae apko pura waqi’a bataya tou RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya: “Allah tum donon kay lie tumhari rat mein barkat farmae” (Al hadith)
Hadith mein hai: “kisi ko sabar se ziada behtar aur ziada wasee’ atiya nahin dia gaya”
Ali رضي الله عنه ne ash’as bin Qais se farmaya: agar Tumne iman aur sawab ki niyat se sabar kia (tou theek) warna phir tum chopayon ki tarah tasalli hasil karoge (ya’ani waqt guzarne kay sath sath tasalli tou ajati hai lekin sabar ka ajar nahin milta) kisi Dana shakhs ne kisi musibat zadah shakhs ko khat likha: woh cheez tou tum se Chali gai jiski wajah se tumhen takleef pohonchi hai lekin woh cheez jo tum par paish hui hai woh na Jane paae aur woh ajar hai,
Kisi dusre shakhs ne kaha: aaqil shakhs ayyame musibat kay pehle roz hi wohi kuch karta hai jo jahil 5 din ba’ad karta hai
Main ne kaha: yeh malum ho gaya keh waqt guzarne kay sath sath musibat zadah shakhs ko tasalli hojati hai, islie share’ ne pehle sadme kay waqt sabar karne ka hukum farmaya
Imam Shafa’i ko khabar pohonchi keh Abdur Rahman bin Mehdi ka beta faut hogaya hai aur Abdur Rahman ne us par bohot ziada jaza’ ki hai, tou Shafa’i ne unki taraf paigham bhejte hue farmaya: mere Bhai! Apne aap ko tasalli do jis tarah tum kisi ko tasalli dete ho, aur apne fail ko bhi wese hi qabeeh Jano jis tarah tum apne elawa kisi kay fail ko qabeeh jante the , jaan lijie keh sab se bari musibat rahato Suroor ka chale Jana aur ajar se mehrumi hai tou phir woh musibat kesi hogi keh yeh dono cheezen gunah kay sath jama hojaen? Pas mere Bhai! Apna hissa ha hasil kar jabkeh woh tere qareeb hai isse pehle keh tum use talab karo aur woh tumse dur chala jae , masaaib kay waqt Allah ta’ala tumhen sabar ataa farmae, hamare aur apne lie sabar kay zarie ajar mehfuz kar, ap ne in alfaz kay sath use khat likha:
إنى معزيك لا أني على ثقة
من الحياة ولكن سنة الدين
فما المعزَّى بباق بعد ميته
ولا المعزى ولو عاشا إلى حين
“Main tumse taaziat karta hun, islie nahin keh zindagi pur wusooqo aitemad hai balkeh deen ki sunnat hai”
“Jisko tasalli di jarahi hai woh bhi uski maut kay ba’ad baqi rahega aur na hi taaziat karne wala baqi rahega khuwah woh kuch muddat zinda reh le”
Kisi aadmi ne apne kisi Bhai ko us kay bete ki wafat par taaziat ka khat likha:
Amma ba’ad! Beta apne walid par, jo zinda rahe tou gham aur uska fitna hai, jab woh usse pehle chala gaya tou Dua aur rehmat hai , pas jo faut hogaya us kay gham aur us kay fitne par gham na kha aur Allah ta’ala ne uski Dua aur rehmat kay ewaz mein jo tujhe dia hai usko zaya na kar
Musa bin Mehdi ne Ibrahim bin Salma se farmaya aur us kay bete ki usse taaziat ki: kia tumhen pasand hai keh woh azmaish aur fitna hota aur us ne tumhen gham zadah kia jabkeh woh Dua aur rehmat hai?
Kisi aadmi ne kisi aadmi se taaziat ki tou kaha: beshak jo tere lie akhirat mein ajar hai, woh usse behtar hai jo tumhare lie dunia mein surooro farhat hai
Abdullah bin Amr se marwi hai keh unhon ne apne bete ko dafan kia phir qabar kay pas hanse tou unse kaha gaya: ap qabar kay pas hanste hain? Unhon ne farmaya: main shaitan ko zaleel karna chahta hun
Ibne juraih ne farmaya: jo shakhs apni musibat ko ajro sawab se qubool nahin karta tou woh aise hi tasalli pata hai jese chopaye tasalli hasil karte hain
Hameed bin a’raj bayan karte hain main ne Saeed bin Jubair ko dekha keh woh apne bete kay baare mein keh rahe hain aur unhon ne uski taraf dekha: main tum mein behtreen dosti janta hun, pucha gaya woh kia hai? Farmaya: maut kay sath, main usse sawab ki umeed ki umeed karta hun
Hasan Basri se marwi hai: kisi aadmi ne apne bete par gham kia aur us baare mein unse shikayt ki tou Hasan be farmaya: tera beta tumse ghaib raha karta tha? Us ne kaha: jee han , uska ghaib rehna us kay hazir rehne se ziada tha, unhon ne kaha: use ghaib hi rehne do, woh tumse ghaib nahin hua illa yeh keh is mein tumhare lie usse ziada ajar hai, us ne kaha: Abu Saeed! Ap ne mere bete par mere gham ko halka kardia
Umar bin Abdul Aziz apne bete kay pas uski takleef mein gae tou kaha: beta! Apne aap ko kese pate ho? Us ne kaha: main apne aap ko haq (maut ki halat) mein pata hun, unhon ne kaha: bete! Yeh keh tum meri meezan mein ho mujhe isse ziada pasand hai keh main teri meezan men hon, us ne kaha: Abba Jan! Apki pasand ka hojana, mere nazdeek meri pasand kay hojane se, mujhe ziada pasand hai
Imam Shafa’i ka beta faut hua tou unhon ne yeh shair parhe:
وما الدهر إلا هكذا فاصطبر له
رزية مال أو فراق حبيب
“Zamana tou isi tarah hai, pas us par sabar kar, maal ki musibato pareshani ho ya mehboob ki judai”
Urwa kay paun mein jild ka zakham hogaya tou unhon ne usko pindli se kaat dia, kisi ne unko pakra nahin tha halan keh woh burhe aadmi the aur unhon ne us rat ka wirdo wazifa bhi nahin chora, pas unhon ne itna kaha:
((لقد لقينا من سفرنا هذا نصبا))
“Ham is safar mein bohot thak gae hen”
(Al Kahaf: 62)
العمرى ما أهويت كفى لريبة
ولا نقلتني نحو فاحشةرجلي
ولا قادني سمعي ولابصرى لها
ولا دلني رأيي عليها ولا عقلی
واعلم أنى لم تصبني مصيبة
من الدهرإلاقدأصابت فتى قبلى
“Meri Umar ki Qasam! Main ne kisi mashkook Kam ki taraf Hath nahin barhaya aur mere paun mujhe be-hayai ki taraf nahin le kar gae”
“Mere kaanon aur meri ankhon ne meri us taraf rehnumai nahin ki aur meri raae aur meri aqal ne is par mujhe raah nahin lagaya”
“Main janta hun keh zamane se koi musibat mujhe pohonchi hai tou woh mujh se pehle kisi ko pohonch chuki hai”
Aur woh (urwa) bayan karte hain: ae Allah ! Agar tu ne azmaish se do chaar kia hai tou aafiat bhi tu ne di hai , agar tu ne kuch lia hai tou baqi bhi tu ne rakha hai, tu ne ek uzw lia tha tou a’aza baqi rakhe hain, tu ne ek beta lia hai tou bete baqi chore hain
Usi rat Banu abas qabeele ka aik nabeena aadmi waleed kay pas aya tou us ne usse uski ankhon kay baare mein pucha tou us ne bataya: main ne wadi mein aik Raat basar ki, mere ilm mein nahin tha keh kisi abasi ka maal mere maal se ziada ho pas rat kay waqt sailab aya tou woh aik oont aur aik bache kay siwa mera maal aur ehlo ayal sab ko baha kar le gaya, oont sarkash tha pas woh bhag khara hua tou main ne uska peecha kia , main bache se thori dur hi gaya tha keh main ne uski awaz Suni, main wapas aya tou bache ka sar us (oont) pay pait mein tha phir main ne oont ka peecha kia taakeh main use pakrun, tou us ne apna paun mujhe mara jo mere chehre par Laga us ne use kuchal dala aur meri ankhen bhi le gaya, pas main ia haal ko pohonch gaya keh mere pas na ehel hai na maal aur na hi bacha hai na oont tou Waleed ne kaha: ise urwa kay pas le jao taakeh ise pata chale keh zameen mein aise log bhi hain jo us se ziada takleef aur azmaish mein hain
Bayan kia jata hai keh jab Usman رضي الله عنه ko zado Kaub kia gaya tou unhon ne is haal mein keh khoon unki darhi par beh raha tha Dua ki: tere siwa koi mabud nahin tu pak hai main hi zalimon mein se tha ae Allah ! In kay khilaf main tujh se madad talab karta hun aur main apne tamam umoor par tujh se Madad talab karta hun aur tu ne jo meri azmaish ki hai us par tujh se sabar ki darkhwast karta hun
Al madaini ne farmaya: main ne jungle mein intihai narmo nazuk aur haseen tareen khatoon Dekhi tou main ne kaha: Allah ki Qasam! Tum aitedalo suroor ki wajah se is tarah ho , us ne kaha: hargiz nahin, Allah ki Qasam! Main tou ghamon ki intiha hun aur mere daman mein ranjo gham hain, main abhi tumhen batati hun Mera khawand tha aur mere usse do bete the, un kay walid ne eidul azha kay din aik bakri zibah ki jabkeh us waqt bache khel rahe the, tou bare ne chote se kaha: kia tum chahte ho keh main tumhen bataun keh mere walid ne kis tarah bakri zibah ki? Us ne kaha han! Pas us ne use zibah kar dala jab us ne khoon dekha tou woh jaza’ faza’ karta Pahar ki taraf gaya tou bherie ne use khalia, uska walid uski talash mein nikla tou uska bap bhatak gaya aur piyasa hi faut hogaya, is tarah zamane ne mujhe tanha chordia, main ne use kaha: apko Kese sabar aya? Us na kaha: agar woh hamesha mere sath rehta tou main us kay lie hamesha rehti lekin woh aik zakham tha jo mundamil hogaya
Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما bayan karte hain main ne RasullAllah ﷺ ko farmate hue suna:
“Meri ummat mein se jis shakhs kay do chote bache faut hojaen tou woh jannat mein dakhil hoga” tou Ayesha رضي الله عنها ne arz kia: mere walidain ap par qurban hon, jiska aik bacha faut hojae? Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: “muwaffiqa! Jiska aik bacha faut hua ho”
Main ne arz kia: tou apki ummat se jiska aik chota bacha bhi faut na hua ho? Aap ne farmaya: “main apni ummat ka paish rau hon unhen mujh jesi takleef nahin pohonchi ” [Tirmidhi]
Abu Ubaidah apne walid se riwayat karte hain, unhon ne kaha: RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya: “jis kay 3 nabaligh bache faut hojaen tou woh us kay lie jahannum se bachao ban jaenge”
Tou Abu dardaa رضي الله عنه ne arz kia mere do bache faut hue hain, aap ne farmaya: “aur do bhi”
Syedul qurra ubai bin kaab ne arz ki : Mera aik bacha faut hua hai, aap ﷺ ne farmaya: “aur aik bhi” lekin woh tab hai keh woh pehle sadme par sabar kare” Wakee’ bayan karte hain, Ibrahim Al harbi ka 10 saal ka beta tha, us ne Quran majeed hifz kia aur fiqho Hadith mein bohot sa tafaqqoh kia pas woh faut hogaya tou main unse taaziat kay lie aga tou unhon ne mujhe kaha: main apne is bete ki maut ki khuwahish rakhta tha, main ne kaha: Abu ishaaq! Ap tou dunia kay aalim hain ap is tarah ki baten karte hain? Woh Shareef bacha tha, us ne Quran majeed hifz kia aur fiqho Hadith mein tafaqqoh kia, unhon ne kaha: han! Main ne khuwab dekha keh Qayamat qaim ho chuki hai aur goya keh bache hain un kay hath mein Pani kay matke hain, woh logon ka istiqbal karte hain aur unhen Pani Pilate hain aur woh din bohot shadeed garmi ka din tha , woh kehte hain, main ne un mein se aik se kaha: is Pani se mujhe bhi pilao, woh kehte hain, us ne meri taraf dekha aur mujhe kaha: “ham woh bache hain jo Islam ki halat mein faut hue aur apne baap peeche chor ae , ham unka istiqbal karte hain aur unhen Pani Pilate hain” woh kehte hain main islie iski maut ki tamanna karta hun
Abu Hassan bayan karte hain, main ne Abu Hurairah se kaha ap hamen koi Hadith sunaen jisse ap hamare faut shudgan kay muta’alliq hamen khush karden unhon ne kaha: han un kay chote bache jannat mein duamees (chote chote hashraat) honge, un mein se aik apne walid ya farmaya walidain se mulaqat karega woh us kay kapre ya farmaya us kay hath se pakar kar use jannat mein le jaega, Malik bin deenar bayan karte hain, main apne pehle haal mein lahwo la’ib aur Sharab naushi mein munhamik tha, pas main ne aik laundi khareedi, usse lutf andoz hota, us ne aik beti ko Janam dia main usse bohot ziada muhabbat karta tha, yahan tak keh woh chalne lagi, pas jab main sharab naushi kay lie bethta tou woh aati aur mujhko us par khenchti aur use mere samne gira deti jab woh do baras ki hui tou woh faut hogai tou us kay ranjo gham ne mujhe dukhi banadia, woh bayan karte hain keh jab Sha’ban ki nisf rat hui tou main sharab se madhosh tha, main ne khuwab mein dekha keh goya keh Qayamat qaim hogai hai, main apni qabar se nikla hun tou aik bare azdahe ne Mera peecha kia aur woh mujhe khana chahta tha, woh bayan karte hain main usse farar hota hun tou woh Mera peecha krta hai, main Tez hota tou woh bhi mere peeche Tez hojata hai, main usse khauf zadah hun, main apne raste mein Safaid kapron mein malboos aik za’eef buzurg kay pas se guzarta hun tou main ne kaha: hazrat! Allah kay lie mujhe is azdahe se bachaen jo keh mujhe khana aur mujhe halak karna chahta hai, us ne kaha: mere bache! Main burha aadmi hun , yeh mujhse ziada taqatwar hai , iska muqabla karne ki mujh mein taqat nahin lekin tum safar jaari rakho aur jaldi Karo shayad keh Allah ta’ala tumhen isse nijat de de, woh bayan karte hain main ne aur Tez dorna shuru kardia aur woh mere peeche hi hai, main ne aag kay tabqaat par jhank kar dekha, woh josh mar rahi thi, qareeb tha keh main us mein gir jata tou itne mein kisi ne kaha: tum mere ehel se nahin, pas main dorta hua wapas aya tou azdaha mere peeche hi hai, main ne aik Roshan Pahar ko dekha us mein mehraben hain aur us par darwaze aur parde hain, tou itne mein kehne wala kehta hai, is mohtaj ko pakar lo isse pehle keh iska dushman ise pakar le, darwaze khol die gae parde utha die gae aur usse Chand jese chehre wale bachon ne mujhe jhanka, meri beti bhi un kay sath thi, jab us ne mujhe dekha tou woh Noor kay ek palre ki taraf utri, us ne apne daaen hath se azdahe ko mara tou woh bhag kar wapas chala gaya aur woh meri gaud mein beth gai aur kaha Abba Jan!
أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ أَن تَخْشَعَ قُلُوبُهُمْ لِذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا نَزَلَ مِنَ ٱلْحَقِّ وَلَا يَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبْلُ فَطَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْأَمَدُ فَقَسَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ ۖ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَٰسِقُونَ۞
“Kia un logon kay lie jo iman la chuke hain, waqt nahin aya keh un kay dil Allah ki yad aur is kitab kay lie jo Allah barhaq ki taraf se nazil hui hai jhuken”
Al-Hadid : 16
Main ne kaha: pyari beti! Kia tum Quran janti ho? Us ne kaha: ham tumse ziada use jante hain, main ne kaha: beti! Tum yahan kia karte ho?
Us ne kaha: ham musalmanon kay faut shudah bache hain, ham Roz-e-Qayamat tak yahin rahenge , ham tumhare aane ka intezar karte hain, main ne kaha: beti! Yeh azdaha kia tha jo mujhe bhaga raha tha aur mujhe halak karna chahta tha? Us ne kaha : Abba Jan! Woh ap kay bure aa’mal the jinhen aap ne Qawi bana diya aur wo ap ko halak karna chahta tha. Main ne kaha wo kamzor umar raseeda shakhs kon tha jis ko main ne dekha tha? Us ne kaha: wo ap ka amal e saleh tha jis ko ap ne kamzor kar diya tha hatta keh us mein ap kay bure amal ka muqabila karne ki taqat nahin thi pas Allah kay huzoor touba karen aur halak hone walon mein se na hon. Wo bayan karte hain’ phir wo mujh se utha li gai. Main bedaar hua tou main ne ussi waqt Allah kay huzoor touba ki.
Allah ap par rehm farmae! Aulaad ki barkat dekho jab wo choti umer mein faut hojaen’ khuwah wo mukkar ya mounas aur us ki waja se Walden ko akhirat mein faida hoga bashart ye keh wo sabar karen aur sawal ki umeed rakhen aur wo kahe:
(( *الحمد لله انا لله وانا إليه راجعون* ))
Pas Allah ne apne farman mein jo wada kiya hai wo usse hasil kar lenge.
ٱلَّذِينَ إِذَآ أَصَٰبَتْهُم مُّصِيبَةٌ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّآ إِلَيْهِ رَٰجِعُونَ۞
“Jab unhe koi musibat puhnchti hai tou wo kehte hain’ ham Allah kay liye hain.”
Al-Baqara : 156
Ya’ani ham aur hamare amwaal Allah kay liye hain’ wo hamare sath jo chahe kar sakta hai
(( *الحمد لله انا لله وانا إليه راجعون* ))
“Aur ham ussi ki taraf loutne wale hain’ halak o fanna ka iqrar.
Souban رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ne farmaya:
“Bande ko’ do mein se kisi aik khaslat kay baais koi takleef puhnchati hai ya tou kisi gunah ki wajah se keh Allah ne ussi musibat hi ki waja se usse bakhshna tha ya kisi darje ki wajah se keh Allah ne ussi musibat hi ki waja se us ko wahan tak puhnchana tha.”
Saeed bin Jubair رحمة الله farmate hain: is ummat ko musibat kay waqt aik aisa kalma atta kiya gaya hai jo us se pehle Ambiya عليه السلام ko bhi nahi diya gaya wo hai.
(( *الحمد لله انا لله وانا إليه راجعون* ))
Agar ye kalma Ambiya عليه السلام ko diya jata tou ye Yaqoob عليه السلام ko atta kiya jata jab unho ne ye kaha tha.
يَٰٓأَسَفَىٰ عَلَىٰ يُوسُفَ
“Hayee Yusuf! Afsoos.”
Yusuf : 84
Umme Salma رضي الله عنها bayan karti hain main ne RasullAllah ﷺ ko farmate hue suna:
“Jo shakhs musibat kay waqt yeh Dua parhe:
(( إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّآ إِلَيْهِ رَٰجِعُونَ))
“Ae Allah! Meri musibat mein mujhe ajar ataa farma aur mujhe isse behtar badal ataa farma”
Tou Allah usko ajar ataa farmata hai aur usko usse behtar badlo janasheen ataa farmata hai
Woh (umme Salma) bayan karti hain: jab Abu Salma wafat paa gae tou main ne kaha: Abu Salma se behtar kon hai? Phir main woh Dua parhti rahi tou Allah ne mujhe RasullAllah ﷺ ataa farma die
Shau’bi se riwayat hai keh Shuraih ne farmaya: mujhe musibat pohonchti hai tou main us par 4 martaba Allah ki hamd bayan karta hun, main uski hamd bayan karta hun keh keh woh is (paish amad musibat) se bari nahin, main uski hamd bayan karta hun keh us ne mujhe us par sabar karne ki taufeeq ataa farmai, main uski hamd bayan karta hun keh us ne mujhe
(( إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّآ إِلَيْهِ رَٰجِعُونَ))
Parhne ki taufeeq ataa farmai jisse main sawab ki umeed rakhta hun, main uski hamd bayan karta hun keh us ne use mere deen ki musibat nahin banaya
Allah ta’ala ka farman:
أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَوَٰتٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ ۖ
Allah ki taraf se الصلوت se murad rehmato maghfirat hai
وَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُهْتَدُونَ۞
Al-Baqara 2 : 157
Woh log jinhen
(( إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّآ إِلَيْهِ رَٰجِعُونَ))
Kehne ki rehnumai mil gai aur yeh qaul bhi hai keh isse murad jannat aur sawab ki taraf rehnumai hai
Saeed bin Musayyab, Umar bin khattab se riwayat karte hain unhon ne farmaya:
Woh badal behtreen hain aur zaaid Sila behtreen hain
أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَوَٰتٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ ۖ
Yeh do badal, haq wajib behtreen hain
وَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُهْتَدُونَ۞
Al-Baqara 2: 157
Yeh behtreen zaaid Sila hai, aur raha woh shakhs jo musibat kay waqt tabahio barbadi pukarta hai ya rukhsar peet’ta hai ya gireban chaak karta hai ya Baal bikherta hai ya baal moondta hai ya ukharta hai tou us par Allah ta’ala ki taraf se narazi aur la’anat hai woh mard ho ya aurat Yeh bhi marwi hai keh musibat kay waqt raan par haath marne se bhi ajar zaya hojata hai, yeh bhi marwi hai keh jis shakhs ko koi musibat paish ajae woh us par kapre phaare ya rukhsar peete ya gireban chaak kare ya baal ukhare tou goya keh woh naiza hai jis kay zarie woh apne Rabb se larai karna chahta hai aur yeh bhi bayan ho chuka hai keh Allah عزوجل ankh kay rone aur dil kay ghamgeen hone par azab nahin deta lekin woh us wajah se ya’ani musibat zadah shakhs ko ho apni zaban se mayyat kay ausaf bayan kar kay nauha karta hai, azab deta hai, aur yeh bhi bayan ho chuka hai keh mayyat par nauha karne ki wajah se usko azab dia jata hai, jab nauha karne wali kehti hai: haae quwwate baazu! Haae woh madadgar! Haae libas faraham karne wale! Waghera waghera, mayyat ko khencha jata hai aur use kaha jata hai, tu iska quwwate baazu hai? Tu iska madadgar hai? Tu ise libas faraham karta hai? Is mein qaza ko tasleem karne ki mukhalifat aur Allah ta’ala kay samne sare tasleem kham karne ki mukhalifat hai
*HIKAYAT:*
Saleh Al Murri ne kaha: main jumu’ah ki rat qabrustan kay darmian tha tou achanak qabren phat gain murde un se nikal kar halqa bana kar beth gar un par dhaki hui tashtarian utri, un mein aik naujawan tha jise un mein se mukhtalif qisam ka azab dia jaraha hai, woh bayan karte hain, main uski taraf barha aur kaha naujawan! Kia wajah hai keh un logon mein se tujhe azab dia jaraha hai? Us ne kaha Saleh! Tujhe Allah ki Qasam! Main jo tujhe hukum dun uska pohonchana tujh par lazim hai, amanat adaa karna aur meri ajnabiat par rehem karna, shayad keh Allah عزوجل tere hathon mere lie koi khulasi ki sabeel bana de, jab main faut hua tou Meri walida ne Bain aur nauha karne wali jama kin, woh har roz mujh par Bain aur nauha karti hain aur us wajah se mujhe azab dia jata hai, meri walida ki buri baton ki wajah se aag ne mujhe mere daaen mere baaen mere peeche aur mere samne se ghair rakha hai Allah usse meri taraf se achi jaza na de. Phir wo rone laga hatta keh us kay rone ki waja se main bhi rone laga. Phir us ne kaha: Saleh ! Tum us kay pas zaroor jao wo falan jagah hai us ne mujhe jagah bata di aur usse kaho: Ae maa ! Tum apne bache ko kis liye azab deti ho’ tum ne meri parwarish ki aur tum ne mujhe takleefon se bacha liya aur jab main faut hogaya tou to ne mujhe azab mein phenk diya.
Ae maa! Agar to mujhe dekh le: keh meri gardan mein touq hain aur mere paon mein beriyan hain aur azab kay farishte mujhe marte aur jhirakte hain agar to mera bura haal dekhti tou mujh par Rehm karti aur agar tum ne Nooha aur bain ki ye apni maujooda halat tark na ki tou phir Allah mere aur tere darmiyan hoga jis din asman asman se phat jaega aur pori makhlooq faisla sun’ne kay liye jama hojaegi.
Saleh ne kaha: main ghabra kar bedaar hua aur main fajir tak bare qilaq o iztirab ki halat mein apne ghar mein raha’ jab subah hoi tou main shehr mein gaya aur mere nazdeek sirf us noujawan bache ki walida kay ghar ki ahamiyat thi’ main ne us bare mein rahnimai li aur wahan puhncha tou dekha keh darwaza siyaah kiya hua hai aur bain karne wale aur Nooha karne waliyon ki awazen bahir tak arahai hain. Main ne drwaza khatkhataya tou aik burhiya bahir aai aur us ne kaha: ae to kia chahta hai? Main ne us noujawan ki walida ko milna hai jo faut hogaya hai. Us ne kaha: tum ne usse kia kehna hai? Wo tou apne gham mein masroof hai. Main ne kaha: usse mere pas bhejo’ mere pas is kay bete ka khatt hai wo andar gai aur usse bataya. Wo maa bahir aai us ne siyaah kapre pehn rakhe the aur bohat ziyada rone aur rukhsar peetnw ki waja se us ka chehra bhi siyaah ho chuka tha. Us ne mujhe kaha: tum kon ho? Main ne kaha: main saleh ul mari hon’ mere sath guzashta raat qabrustan mein tere bache kay sath ye kuch beeta hai. Main ne usse azab mein dekha hai’ wo kehta hai: meri maa! Tum ne meri parwarish ki’ mujhe mushkilat se bachaya aur jab main faut hogaya hon tou tum ne mujhe azab mein phenk diya aur agar tum ne apni ye moujooda halat na chori tou phir jis din asman asman se phat jaega tou Allah mere aur tere darmiyan faisla karega. Jab us ne ye suna tou us pas ghashi taari hogai aur zameen par gir pari jab usse ifaqa hua tou wo bohat ziyada roi aur kaha: mere bache! Mujh par bara Ishaq guzra’ agar main tera
Haal janti tou main kabhi aise na karti, main usse Allah ta’ala kay huzur tauba karti hun phir woh andar gai, nauha karne walion ko bahar nikal dia, dusre kapre pehne aur mujhe aik theli di jis mein bohot se dirham the aur kaha: Saleh! Mere bache ki taraf se inhen sadqa kar do, pas main ne usko aramo sukoon mein chora, usko duaen din aur phir wahan se chala aya, aur main ne woh dirham us kay bache ki taraf se sadqa kar die, jab jumu’ah ki dusri rat ai tou main apne ma’mul kay mutabiq qabrustan gaya aur so gaya, main ne ehle quboor ko dekha keh woh apni qabron ae nikle aur apne ma’mul kay mutabiq beth gae, itbaq (tashtarian) un kay pas ain, tab woh naujawan muskura raha tha aur bohot farhato suroor mein tha us kay pas bhi aik tashtari ai tou us ne usko pakar lia, jab us ne mujhe dekha tou mere pas aya aur kaha : Saleh! Allah apko Meri taraf se jazae Khair ataa farmae, Allah ne mujh se azab halka kardia hai aur yeh Meri walida kay is Kam (nauha) ko chorne ki wajah se hai jo woh kia karti thi, aur ap ne meri taraf se jo sadqa kia tha woh bhi mujh tak pohonch gaya tha, Saleh bayan karte hain main ne kaha: yeh tashtarian kia hain? Tou ua ne kaha: yeh zindon kay apne faut shudgan kay lie sadaqat, qiraat aur Dua ki shakal mein tahaaif hai jo har jumu’ah ki rat un par nazil hote hain aur unhen kaha jata hai yeh fulan shakhs ki taraf se tumhare lie tohfa hai, Meri walida kay pas Jana aur meri taraf se use Salam kehna aur use kehna: Allah Meri taraf se tumhen jazae Khair ataa farmae aur tum ne meri taraf se jo sadqa kia tha wo mujh tak pohonch gaya hai aur tum bhi anqareeb mere pas pohonchne wali ho pas tayari karo, Saleh kehte hain phir main baidar hua aur Chand ayyam kay ba’ad us naujawan ki walida kay Ghar aya tou darwaze par ek mayyat rakhi hui thi main ne kaha yeh kiski mayyat hai? Unhon ne kaha: us naujawan ki walida ki mayyat hai, main uski namaze janazah mein Shareek hua aur usko us kay bete kay pehli mein us qabrustan mein dafan kardia, main ne un donon kay lie duae Khair ki aur wapas agaya
Ham Allah se darkhwast karte hain keh woh hamen musalman ki halat mein faut kare, hamen saulieheen kay sath milae aur hamen jahannum se bachae , beshak woh sakhi daata aur shafeeqo meherban hai.
REFERENCE:
Book: “Kabeerah Gunah”
Taleef: Shaikh Ul Islam Shams ad-Dīn adh-Dhahabī Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah: Abu Anas Muhammad Sarwar Gohar.
Loudly Lamenting for the Dead or When Afflicted with an Adversity
In Sahih Muslim, Ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reported, “The Prophet (pbuh) said that,“He who slaps his cheeks, rips his pockets, or calls out the cries of the pre-Islamic period of ignorance is not of us.”¹
Abu Musa AI-Ash’ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that,”The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) cleared himself from the woman who loudly lament, the one who shaves or plucks out her hair when being afflicted with an adversity, and the one who rips off her clothes.”²
All these types are prohibited according to the consensus of the scholars. It is also prohibited to dishevel one’s hair, slap the cheeks, scratch the face and to wail and burst into loud lamenting.
Umm ‘Attiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) said,”Among things upon which we gave the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) the oath of allegiance was to refrain from loud lamenting.”³
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing be upon him} said,
“Two qualities in people are unbelief attacking another’s ancestry, and wailing over the dead.”⁴
On the authority of Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) who said,
“The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has cursed the woman who loudly wails for the dead and whoever listens to her.”⁵
On the authority of Abu Burda who said,
“Once Abu Musa Al-Ash’ari was sick and consequently he fell unconscious in the lap of a woman from his family. She, in turn, cried loudly and he could not stop her. When he became conscious, he said, “I cleared myself from what the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) cleared himself i.e., the woman who loudly laments, the one who shaves or plucks out her hair when being afflicted with an adversity and the one who rips her clothes.”⁶
On the authority of An-Nu’man Ibn Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) who said,
| ¹Reported by Al-Bukhari. ²Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. ³Reported by Al-Bukhari. ⁴Reported by Muslim. ⁵Reported by Abu Dawud ⁶Reported by An-Nasa’i. |
“Once’ Abdullah Ibn Rawaha fell unconscious. Consequently, his sister started wailing over him saying, ‘O so and so.’ When he became conscious, he said, ‘You never said something, unless it was said to me are you so and so.”¹
It is also reported in the two Sahihs that, “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, “In his grave, the dead is tortured with what he was lamenting over?”²
On the authority of Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) who said, “Never has a person died and his people wail upon him saying, ‘O our master, O our sustainer, or the so and so, and two angels not be entrusted with his torture saying, weren’t you so and so?”³
The Prophet (pbuh) said,”If the woman who loudly laments the dead does not repent before the time of her death, she will be raised on the Day of Judgment wearing a garment from a tar and a coat of mail from scabies.”⁴
The Prophet (pbuh) also said,”It is forbidden for me to make two foolish sounds, the one when being granted with a blessing; amusement, playing and the flute of Satan, and the other when being afflicted with an adversity; scratching one’s face, ripping one’s pockets and crying.”⁵
AI-Hasan said, “Two sounds are cursed, the sound when being granted with a blessing and the sound when being afflicted with an adversity.”⁶
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing be upon him) also said,
“The people who loudly wail will be made into two rows in the Hell-Fire and will bark at the people of the fire as dogs do.”⁷
AI-Awza’i said, once ‘Umar Thn AI-Khattab heard some people weeping, consequently, he entered upon them along with others and started beating them until he reached the woman who was wailing. He also beat her to such an extent that her veil (Hijab) fell down. He commented saying, ‘Beat her! She is wailing and there is no sanctity for such people. She does not weep out of being affected with your adversity, rather she sheds tears to take your money. This only harms your dead in their graves and the ones who are still alive in their homes. She also prohibits committing to patience which is the command of Allah and encourages despair which Allah forbids.”
Loudly lamenting means to raise one’s voice with wailing and mentioning the good traits of the dead. It is also said that it means that to weep over the dead by mentioning his good traits. The scholars said it is not allowed to raise your voice when weeping. As for weeping over the dead
| ¹Reported by Al-Bukhari. ²Reported by AI-Bukhari and Muslim. ³Reported by At-Tirmidhi. ⁴Reported by Muslim. ⁵Reported by At- Tirmidhi. ⁶Reported by Ibn Hajar Al-Haithami in Majma’ Al-Zawa’id. ⁷Reported by Ibn Hajar Al-Haithami in Majma’ Al-Zawa’id. |
without wailing or loud lamenting, it is not forbidden. In Sahih of Al-Bukhari and Muslim, Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that, “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing be upon him) visited Sa’d Ibn ‘Ubadah along with `Abdul-Rahman Ibn ‘Awf, Sa’d Ibn Abi Waqas and ‘Abdullah Ibn Mus’ud (may Allah be pleased with them all).
Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) wept. Upon seeing the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) in this state,the people also wept. The Prophet said,
“Don’t you hear?! Allah does not torment the people because of the tears of the eye or the grief of the heart.Rather, He torments or bestows His mercy upon the people because of the returns of “this” and he pointed to his tongue.”¹
In the two Sahihs, it is also reported on the authority of Usarnah Ibn Zayd that “The son of the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) came to Messenger when he was dying. Thereupon, the eyes of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) were soaked with tears. Sa’d said,
“O Messenger of Allah what is this?’ The Prophet said, “This is a mercy which is created by Allah within the hearts of His servants and Allah will only shower His mercy upon the merciful ones (amongst His servants)”²
In Sahih AI-Bukhari, it is reported on the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that, “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) entered upon his son, Ibrahim, while he was dying. Thereupon the eyes of the Prophet (pbuh) started to shed tears. ‘Abdul-Rahman Ibn ‘Awf said to him, ‘You too, O Messenger of Allah!’ The Prophet commented, ‘O Ibn Awf, it is a mercy’ and repeated it twice and said, ‘The eyes shed tears, the heart is grieved, but we do not say anything except what pleases Allah and for your death we are very sad, O Ibrahim.”³
As for the Sahih hadith which states,”The dead will be tortured with the weeping of his family over him.”⁴
It is not to be taken literally, it is interpreted differently by various scholars. The most evident meaning is, but Allah knows best, that the weeping may be for some other reasons such as the deceased person may have advised his family to do so prior to his death.
The followers of Shafi’i said, “The weeping over the dead is allowed before and after his death. But it is preferable for it to be done before the death according to the hadith which states, “Let them (weep),but when his soul is really taken, do not allow anyone (to weep).” Shafi’i and his followers stated that weeping after the death is only reprehensible but it is not forbidden. They interpreted the previous hadith as follows, “It is reprehensible to let them weep (after the death).”
The woman who loudly laments the dead will be tormented in such way because she, in so doing,orders the people to be despondent and impatient and this is in contradiction to what Allah and his Messenger has ordered. Allah the Almighty has said,
{O ye who believe! Seek help with patient perseverance and prayer: for God is with those who patiently
| ¹Reported by AI-Bukhari. ²Reported by AI-Bukhari. ³Reported by AI-Bukhari. ⁴Reported by Al-Bukhari. |
persevere and say not of those who are slain in the way of Allah: “They are dead” Nay, they are living,though ye perceive (it) not. Be sure We shall test you with some thing of fear and hunger, some loss in good, lives and the fruits (of your toil), but give glad tidings to those who patiently persevere, who say,when afflicted with calamity: To Allah we belong, and to Him is Our return.} (AI-Baqarah: 153-156)
‘Ata’ reported Ibn’ Abbas to have said, “This means that Allah will support such people and will never disappoint them. Allah the Almighty said, {Be sure we shall test you.} i.e., Allah will treat such kind of people the same way He treated the afflicted people. That is because Allah knows the returns and consequences of all things and He is in no need for the afflicted to know the result but He just deals with them in such way.
So, whoever is patient, he will be rewarded for his patience and whoever is impatient, will be deprived of such reward then Allah said,{ with something of fear and hunger.} Ibn ‘Abbas said, {fear}means fear from the enemy and hunger means famine and drought. Some loss in goods p, means loss and decrease in property and death of animals. {Lives} means loss of lives through death, killing, disease and old age. {And the fruit} means decrease in needs of people and the fruits will be imperfect. Then Allah the Almighty ended the Ayah with giving good news to those who are patient to indicate that whoever was afflicted with these calamities and was patient, he is promised by Allah to be rewarded, Allah the Almighty said, “But give glad tidings to those who patiently persevere.” Then Allah described them saying, {who say when afflicted with calamity.} i.e., they were afflicted with what previously mentioned. To be afflicted with good thing is not affliction. { They say, to Allah we belong.} i.e., we are the servants of Allah and He can dispose with us with whatever He will. {And to Him is our return.} This will be through death. The return to Allah means that He will be the only Sovereign. That is because some people govern in this world, but as soon as they are deprived of it, they know the whole matter will be in the Hands of Allah, the Almighty.
On the authority of `Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) who said, “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said,”Whatever the calamity a believer is afflicted with, he will be compensated for it, even the sting of the thorn.”¹
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said,”Whoever is afflicted with a calamity, let him remember the calamity of my death for it is the greatest of all.”²
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said,”The son of a person died and Allah the Almighty said to the angels, ‘Did you take the soul of the son of my servant.’They will reply, ‘Yes.’ Allah will say, ‘Did you take the fruit of his heart.’ They will reply, ‘Yes.’
¹Reported by A1-Bukhari.
²Reported by Ad-Darimi.
Allah will say, ‘What did my servant say.’ They will say, ‘He praised You and sought the reward from You.’
Allah will say ‘Build a house for my servant in Paradise and call it the house of praise.”¹
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) also said,”The Almighty Allah said in a hadith Qudsi, “The reward of my believing servant, if I take the soul of his bosom friend in this world and he was patient and sought the reward from Me, will be nothing except Paradise.”²
The Prophet (pbuh) also said,”Among those things which bring happiness to the son of Adam is to be satisfied with what Allah has destined for him,’ and among things which bring him wretchedness is to be dissatisfied with Allah’s blessing.”³
On the authority of ‘Umar Ibn AI-Khattab who said, “When the angel of death (peace be upon him) takes the soul of the believers, he will stand at the door of his house. There will be among his family the one who slaps her face, the one who dispersed her hair and the one who wails and bursts in loud lamenting.
Thereupon the angel of death will say, “For what you display your anxiety and fear? By Allah, I did not decrease the span of life of anyone of you, nor decrease the provision of anyone of you, nor did I oppress anyone of you. So, if you complain and anxiety was upon me be sure that, I only was ordered to do so. And if they were upon your dead, by Allah he has nothing to do but to surrender. And if they were upon your Lord, by Allah you disbelieved in him. Surely I will return to you many times until I took you all. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) commented,”By whom in whose hands my soul is, if they saw his place and heard his words, they would be surprised and would weep upon themselves.”
Consolation
On the authority of’ Abdullah Ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said, “The Prophet (pbuh) said,
“Whoever offers the consolation to the afflicted person, he will be rewarded with the same.”⁴
On the authority of Abu Barzah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said, “The Prophet (pbuh) said to Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her),”Whoever offers consolation to the person who is bereaved of his/her child, he will be clothed with Burd (certain kind of garment) in Paradise.”⁵
On the authority of ‘Abdullah Ibn Amr Ibn AI-As (may Allah be pleased with both of them) who said, “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to his daughter Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her),”For what reason did you go out from your house. 0 Fatimah?” she said, “I went to the people of this house
| ¹Reported by At- Tirmidhi. ²Reported by AI-Bukhari. ³Reported by At- Tirmidhi. ⁴Reported by At- Tirmidhi. ⁵Reported by At-Tirmidhi |
and asked Allah to shower his mercy upon their dead and I offered them consolation.”¹
On the authority of Amr Ibn Hizam who said, “The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Never does a believer offer his afflicted brother consolation and Allah cloth him out of his Honour on the Day of Judgment.”²
Consolation means that to bring patience and mention to the deceased’s kin what can relieve their sadness and lighten their calamity. It is recommended that it includes commanding the good and forbidding the evil. It also comes under the saying of Allah,
{Help ye one another in righteousness and piety but help ye not one another in sin and rancor! }
(AI-Maidah-02)
This is the most indicative verse concerning the matter of consolation.
Consolation is preferable before and after burying the dead. The followers of Ash-Shafi’i said, its time starts from the time when the soul is taken and lasts for three days after burying the dead. Some scholars said, consolation is not preferable after three days of dying, for consolation appeases the heart of the afflicted person and this mostly takes place within three days and therefore there is no need to renew his sadness. This same position was held by the majority of the scholars. Abu Al-Abbass said, there is no wrong to offer consolation after three days since the event lasts forever. An-Nawawi (may Allah bestow mercy upon him) said, “What is agreed upon is that it should not be offered after three days except in two cases: when the one who offers the consolation is absent or the afflicted person was absent as well. And they are expected to return after three days. Offering consolation after burying the dead is better than doing it before burying, for before burying, the people of the dead are engaged with preparing him and alienation is intensified after burying. This may be done if no anxiety appeared on the part of the people of the dead.
Otherwise, consolation should be offered to bring quietness to them.
It is also reprehensible to gather in a particular place to receive the consolation. This means that the people of the dead should not gather in a certain place and the people go to offer them consolation. The formula of consolation is well known. The best of what can be said in this respect is what is reported in the two Sahihs on the authority of Usamah Ibn Zayed (may Allah be pleased with him) who said that, “One of the daughters of the Prophet (pbuh) sent to him and told him that one of her children is dying. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to the man,”Return to her and tell her that, to Allah is what He has taken and to him is what He has given and to everything is an appointed term with Allah. So, order her to be patient and seek the reward from Allah.”³
An-Nawawi (may Allah bestow mercy upon him) said that, “This hadith is one of the most comprehensive rules of Islam which includes many religious matters, whether they are principles,
subsidiary matters, good manners, patience towards all kinds of calamities, worries and discusses many other things.
“To Allah is what He has taken.” means that the whole world is His. Therefore, He does not take what is yours but what is His as a trust to you.” To him is what he has given” means that what he has granted you
¹Reported by Abu Dawud
²Reported by Ibn Majah.
³Reported before.
with is not out of His Sovereignty but it is His and He disposes it as He wills. “To everything there is an appointed term with Allah” means that you should not be anxious for the one whose soul was taken by him,completed his span in this life and it is impossible to delay or precede his appointed time. Upon being sure of all this, you should be patient with what has afflicted you.
On the authority of Mu’awiyyah Ibn Iyas from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) who said once the Prophet (pbuh) did not see one of his Companions and he asked about him. The Companions replied,
“0 Messenger of Allah, his son who you have seen has died. Thereafter, the Prophet (pbuh) met him and asked him about his son and he told him that he died. The Prophet consoled him then said, “Which of them is most beloved to you, to enjoy this worldly life with your son or to come tomorrow and find that your son preceded you to open whichever of the doors of Paradise you want. The man replied, “0 the Prophet of Allah, of course to advance me to Paradise and find it open for me is most beloved. The Prophet said, this is granted to you. The companions asked, “is it exclusive for him or is it general for all Muslims? The Prophet replied, “For all Muslims.”¹
On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said,”The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) went out to AI-Baqr and he saw a woman wailing on a grave. He said to her, “0 the servant of Allah, fear Allah and be patient”. She replied, “0 the servant of Allah, if you were afflicted with what I have been, you would excuse me!” The Prophet said to her, “0 servant of Allah, fear Allah and be patient.” She replied, “0 the servant of Allah, I heard what you said, so let me alone. Abu Hurairah said, “The Prophet let her alone and there was a man who witnessed this scene and came to this woman and asked her what did this man (the Prophet) say to her? She told him what he said and with what she replied him. The man asked her did you know him? She replied, “No, By Allah.” He said, “Woe to you!
He is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Thereupon, she quickly walked towards him until she reached him and said, “0 Messenger of Allah, I will be patient”. The Prophet said, “Patience is at the time of the suddenness of the calamity.”²
This means that the patience is more virtuous at the suddenness of the calamity, but after that, solace, of course, takes place.
In Sahih Muslim, it is reported that,”Once one of Abu Talha’s sons died. His wife, Umm Salim said to his family, don’t tell Abu Talha and I will tell him myself upon returning of Abu Talha, she offered the dinner for him and he ate and drank. Then she made up herself more than she did for him before that and Abu Talha had sexual intercourse with her.
Upon realizing that he satisfied himself from her, she said, 0 Abu Talha, what do you say about some people who lent something to others, then they demanded their right, do other people have the right to deny them this thing? He replied, “No”. Umm Salim said, “Deem your son as a trust which returned to Allah.
Abu Talha got angry and said, do you leave me until I stain myself with you then you told me about my son. This, by Allah will never cause me to be patient. Then he went to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and
¹Reported by An-Nasa’i
²Reported by AI-Bukhari.
told him about what had happened. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him )said, “May Allah bless your night for you both.”
In another narration, it is reported that,”With the best and all-embracing good, no one is granted something better than patience.”²
Ali Ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Al-Ashas Ibn Qays, “Be committed to patience and count your dead as a trust which returned to Allah’s keeping, otherwise you are behaving the way the animals do.”
A wise man wrote to an afflicted man saying, “You lost what you have been afflicted with, so do not let its compensation i.e., the reward, miss you also.” Another man said, “The sane person does on the first day of his calamity what the foolish person does on the fifth day of his calamity.”
It is well-known that the passing of time consoles and relieves the afflicted person. Therefore the law-giver ordered the people to be patient on the suddenness of calamity. Once Ash-Shafi’i (may Allah be pleased with him) was told that Abdul-Rahman Ibn Mahdi lost one of his sons and he was very anxious and distressed because of his death. Thereupon, Ash-Shafi’i sent him a message saying, “O my brother console yourself with what you console others with and detest from yourself what you detest from other’s doings.
Be sure that the most grievous calamity is the one which deprives the person the delight and the reward, so what do you say about the combination of these two thing and the doing of a sin? So hasten to your destiny while it is near to you before demanding it while it goes far from you. May Allah grant you patience at times of calamity and reward you and us for it.”
A man wrote to some of his brothers to console him because of the death of his son saying” “As long as the son is living, he is a source of sadness and trial for his father, but when he dies he becomes a prayer and a mercy for his father. Therefore, don’t be sad for what you missed, you missed his sadness and trial and do not lose the prayer and mercy which Allah offers you.
Musa Ibn Al-Mahhdi consoled Ibrahim Ibn Salamah on the death of his son saying, “Was not he a source of happiness although he was a calamity and a trial but when he died, he became a source of sadness then he became a prayer and mercy?
A man consoled another saying, “the one who will be a reward for you in the hereafter is better than the one who was a source of your delight and happiness in the worldly life.” It is also reported that Abdullah Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) buried one of his sons and laughed at the grave. He was asked do you laugh while you are still standing at the grave? He replied, I was to over come by Satan. Ibn Jarih (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Whoever is not be patient at the time of calamity and deem his dead as a trust which is in Allah’s keeping, he will behave the way the animals do.” Hamid AI-Araj said, “I saw Sa’id Ibn Jubair saying to his son and looking at him, I know a particular characteristic of you. He was asked what is it? He replied, “He will die and I will deem him as a trust which is returned to Allah’s keeping.
AI-Hasan Al-Basri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that,”A man was very sad because of the death of his son and he complained this to him. AI-Hasan said, “Was
¹Reported by A1-Bukhari.
²Reported by A1-Bukhari.
your son absent from you before his death? The man replied, “Yes, his absence was more than his attendance. AI-Hasan said,”So deem his absence forever but this time will be the most rewarding for you.
The man said, O Abu Sa’id, You appeased my anxiety about my son.Once ‘Umar Ibn ‘Abedul-‘ Aziz entered upon his son while he was ill and said, “0 my son, how are you?” He replied, “I found myself in the truth.” ‘Umar said, O my son, to be in my scale! It is more beloved for me to be in your scale (‘Umar mean that his sins are more than his son’s.” The son replied, “O my father, to be granted what you love is more beloved to me than to be granted what I love.”
Once, ‘Urwah was attacked by disease in his leg and he was obliged to cut it off and he cut it off himself despite he was an old man. He did not leave out his oft-frequently remembrance which he used to do on this night, but he recited Allah’s saying, {Bring as our early meal, truly we have suffered much fatigue at this (stage of) our journey}
(AI-Kahf: 62)
He (may Allah be pleased with him) also said, “OAllah! If You afflicted me, you truly relieved me and if you took something, truly you saved me many others. You took one organ and saved for me many others and you took a son and saved me many others. On the same night a man from Banu Abs entered upon Al-Walid Ibn Abd ul-Malik. AI-Walid asked him about his eye. The man said, “I spent one night in the peak of a valley and I didn’t know anyone from Bany , Abd who may be more rich than me. Then we were afflicted with a torrent. Consequently, all my property, family and children were destroyed with exception of a camel and a son. The camel was very reluctant and it ran away and I started to follow it. I did not leave my son except for a short distance and I heard his crying. I returned to him and I found his head under its belly and it killed him. Then I followed the camel to catch it, but it kicked me with its foot and it disfigured my face and blinded my eye. Then I became deprived of my family, my property, my son and my camel.”
Thereupon, AI-Walid said, “Take this man and bring him before ‘Urwah so he knows that there are many others who are more afflicted than him.”
It is also reported that, when ‘Uhman (may Allah be pleased with him) was attacked and beaten, he said while blood was flowing upon his beard, “There is no God but Allah, Glory be to you. Truly I was one of those who wronged themselves. O Allah! I seek Your help against them and I seek Your help in all my affairs.O Allah! I ask You to grant me patience on what You afflicted me with.
AI-Mada’ni said, “I saw in the desert a very beautiful woman and I said, “By Allah, this woman is surely a very prosperous and rich. She said, “By Allah, this is not true, I suffered many distresses and worries and I will tell you my story. I was married to a man and we had two children. On the day of ‘Eidul-Adha (Feast of Sacrifice), their father slaughtered a sheep and they were playing. The elder son said to his younger brother, do you want me to show you how my father slaughtered the sheep? The younger son said,’Yes’. Then the elder son slaughtered his brother and when he saw his brother bleeding he was very scared and ran away towards the mountain and a wolf devoured him. His father followed him to bring him back, but he lost his way in the desert and he died from hunger and I became lonely. Al-Mada’ni asked her, “How are you with patience?” She said, “If it accompanies me, I will abide by it, but it was a wound and I recovered.”
On the authority of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) who said,”I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying, “Whoever has two sons and they died in his lifetime, he will enter Paradise. Aishah asked, “May my father and mother be a compensation for you! What about the one who has one son?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing be upon him) said, “He will have the same reward” ‘Aishah proceeded, “What about the one who has none of your Ummah?’ He said, “I am the fore-runner of my Ummah and they were not afflicted with a more grievous calamity than mine (death).”¹
One the authority of Abu Ubaidah (may Allah be pleased with him) from his father who said, “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, “Whoever has three sons and they died in his lifetime before attaining the age of puberty, they will be a protection for him from the Hell-Fire.” Abu AI-Darda, and in another narration Abu Dharr, said,”I introduced two sons. The Prophet said, “They will bring you the same reward. Ubai Ibn Ka’b, the muster of the readers of the Glorious Qur’an said, “I introduced one. ” The Prophet (pbuh) said, “He will bring you the same reward, but this is at the time of the suddenness of the calamity.”²
On the authority of Waki’ who said,”There was a son for Ibrahim AI-Harbi and he was eleven years when he memorized the Glorious Qur’an and was knowledgeable in Fiqh and Hadith. He died and I went to console his father. He said to me,” I was longing for his death.” I said, O Abu Ishaq, how could you say something like that while you enjoy such a status among the scholars? Your son was grown up, memorized the Qur’an and was knowledgeable in Fiqh and Hadith. He said, I saw in a dream as if we it was the Day of Judgment and there were many children who are carrying cups of water and met the people to give them water. The Day was very hot and I said to one of them, give me some water. He looked at me and said you are my father. I said who are you? He said, we are the children who died in the religion of Islam and we foreran our fathers to give them the water to drink. For this reason I hoped for his death.”
Muslim reported on the authority of Abu Hasan who said that,”I said to Abu Hurairah talk with us about something that may relieve us from our sadness concerning our dead.” He said, they are the boys of Paradise and they meet their fathers or their parents and catch their clothes or hands and don’t leave them until they enter Paradise.”³
Malik Ibn Dinar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ” At the be ginning of my life I indulged in every type of amusement and wine drinking. I bought a slave girl and I had a sexual intercourse with her and she gave birth to a girl. I loved the girl in the true sense of the word. She grew up and started to walk.Whenever I wanted to drink she came and poured it before my hands. When she was two years old she died and I was very distressed and sad because of her death. Then when it was the fourteenth night of Sha’ban I slept and I was very intoxicated. I saw in my dream as if we are on the Day of Judgment and I was raised from my grave. Then there was a dragon following me and wanted to eat me. I fled from it but it did not leave me alone. The more I ran fast, the more it hurried and I was very fearful. On my way I passed by an old man with a clean and pure clothes and feeble body. I said, I entreat you to protect me from this tannin which want to eat and destroy me. He said to me, O my son I an a very old man and I am not able to face this tannin. But pass and hurry and may Allah protect you against it. I ran away and it. Followed me. I was very near to the layers of the fire while they were boiling and I was about to fall into them. I heard someone
¹Reported by At- Tirmidhi.
²Reported by At- Tirmidhi.
³Reported Muslim.
saying; rescue this wretched person before his enemy reaches him. Thereupon the gates were open and curtains were pulled up and there were children, with faces like the moon, looking at me. My daughter was amongst them and when she saw me she went down to a scale of light and beat it with her its right hand and consequently the tannin ran away. She sat in my lap and said, O my father,{has not the time arrived for the believers that their hearts in all humility should engage in the remembrance of Allah and of the truth which has been revealed ( to them)}
(AI-Haddid: 16)
I said to her, “O my daughter do you know the Glorious Qur’an? She replied, “We know it more than you, I said, “O my daughter, what do you do here? We are the Muslim children who died and were placed here until the Day of Judgment awaiting you.” I asked her, “O my daughter what is this dragon who wants to destroy me? She said, “O my father, this is your odious deeds you strengthened it until it wants to destroy you. I asked her who is this feeble man? She said, “This is your good deeds you weakened it until it was unable to face your odious deeds. So repent to Allah and be not among those who are destroyed.” Then I rose from my sleep and I repented to Allah from this time.
Therefore, contemplate (may Allah have mercy towards you) the blessing of the death of children,whether male or female, while they are younger. Their parents will have the reward of them if they are patient and seek the compensation from Allah and say, praise be to Allah, to Allah we belong and to him is our return. They, in return, have what Allah has promised them,
{Who say, when afflicted with calamity: to Allah we belong.}
(AI-Baqarah: 156)
i.e. we and our property is for Allah and He has the right to dispose with it as He wills. And to Him is our return.” this is an admission that every thing will be destroyed and every thing will return to Allah.
On the authority of Thawban (may Allah be pleased with him) who said, “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said,
“Never is a person afflicted with calamity unless it is due to two things, either because of a sin which will not be forgiven except by this calamity or because of a certain status which he will never attain except through this calamity.”¹
Sa’id Ibn Jubair said,”This nation was given something at time of calamity which the Prophets preceding it were deprived of i.e., {To Allah we belong and to Him is our return.” He proceeded to say, “If the Prophets were granted with it,it would be given to Jacob (pbuh) who said, “How great is my grief for Yusuf}
(Yusuf: 84)
On the authority of Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) who said, I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying,”Never is a person afflicted with a calamity and say, “To Allah we belong and to him is our return. 0 Allah! Reward me in my calamity and compensate me with something better than it, and Allah not reward him andcompensate him with something better than it.” Umm Salamah said, when Abu Salamah died, I said, who is better than Abu Salamah then I said it and Allah compensated me with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh).”²
¹Reported by A1-Mundhiri
²Reported by Muslim.
On the authority of AI-Shu’bi who said, Shuraih said, when I have been afflicted with a calamity. I thank Allah four times, I thank Him that He did not afflict me with something more grievous than it, I thank Him for granting me patience for it. I thank Him that he helped me to review what I hope of reward and I thank Him that he did not make it in my religion. Allah the Almighty said, {They are those on whom (descended) blessings from their Lord, and mercy, and they are the ones that receive guidance.}
(AI-Baqarah: 157)
Here blessings mean mercy and forgiveness. {They are the ones that receive guidance} means, they are the ones who are guided to review their works and deeds. It is also said that they are the ones who are guided to Paradise and rewards.
One the authority of Sa’id Ibn AI-Musayyab from ‘Umar Ibn AI Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) who said in his comment on, {They are the ones on whom (descended blessings from their Lord, and mercy}, how blessed they are. He said also, {they are the ones that receive guidance.} how blessed is this promotion.¹
As for the person who is afflicted with a calamity and he displayed his dissatisfaction through wailing and bursting in loud lamenting, slapping one’s cheeks, ripping one’s pockets, dishevelling, shaving, cutting off, or plucking out one’s hair. He will invoke Allah’s wrath and curse upon himself whether he is a man or a woman.
It is also reported that beating over one’s thighs at the time of calamity deprives the person the reward. It is also reported that,”Whoever is afflicted with a calamity and he tears his clothes, slaps his face, rips his pockets or plucks out his hair, he resembles the one who takes his arrow and wants to fight Allah.”
It is previously mentioned that Allah does not torture the people because of the tears of the eyes or the grief of the heart. Rather He tortures them for the returns of their tongues and what they say at the time of affliction of loud lamenting and crying. It is also previously mentioned that the dead is tortured with what he was lamented with. So, if the woman laments and says O my sustainer, O my helper, or the one who clothes me, the person will be tortured and it will be said to him, are you her sustainer, are you her helper, are you the one who clothes her? Therefore, loud lamenting is not allowed for it enraged the grief and Mencourages impatience. It “also goes against the satisfaction with Allah’s destiny and submitting to Allah’s orders.
Salih AI-Mari said, once one Thursday evening I was among the graves and sleep overcome me. I saw in my dream as if the graves were cracked and the dead were raised and sat in many sessions (circles) and upon them there were covered plates descended. There was amongst them a young man who was tormented with all types of torture. I went to him and asked, O young man, why are you tortured from amongst these people? He said to me, O Salih, I entreat you to transfer what I will say to you and pay the trust arid be merciful to rescue me from my grief, may Allah the Almighty make you the one who will bring me salvation. When I died and my mother gathered many women and lamented and wailed over me every day.
¹Reported by AI-Hakim.
I was tormented with their wailing and the fire surrounded me from all directions because of what they said. May Allah not reward her with any good because of me. Then he started weeping until I wept due to his state. He then said O Salih go to my mother, and he told me about her place, and say to her, why do you torment your son? She brought me up and protected me against misfortunes and when I died she threw me into the torture. O my mother, if you saw my state, the chains in my neck, the cuffs in my feet, and the angels of torture beating me, you will be merciful towards me. If you do not give up what you say of wailing and lamenting, Allah will judge between you and me on the Day of Judgment. Salih said, I woke up in fear and stayed in my place until the time of dawn. In the morning, I went to this village and I had no concern except to reach the house of the mother of this young man. I asked about her and I reached her. The door of her house was blackened and the sound of lamenting and wailing was heard from outside of the house. I knocked the door and there came an old woman and said what do you want? I said, I want the mother of the youth who died. She asked what do you want from her? She is engaged with her grief. I said to her summon her for I have a message for her from her son. She entered and told her. The mother came out wearing black clothes and her face was black out of oft wailing and weeping. She asked me who I was? I said, I am Salih AI Mari. Yesterday I was at the graves and so and so have happened to me with your son.
I saw him tortured and saying, O my mother, you brought me up and protected me against misfortunes and when I died you threw me into the torture. If you do not give up what you say of wailing and lamenting, Allah will judge between you and me on the Day of Judgment. Upon hearing that, she fell unconscious.When she restored her state, she grievously wept and said O my son it is so cherished to me and if I knew, I would never do it and I repent to Allah from my doing. Then she entered her house, changed her clothes and gave me a suite filled with Dirhams and said, O Salih, give these Dirhams in charity on behalf of my son.
Salih said goodbye to her, supplicated to Allah for her, went away and gave the dirhams in charity. On the night of the next Thursday, I went to the graves as I used to do and I slept. I saw in my dream that the people in the cemetery rose from their graves and sat in circles and upon them the plates were descended.The young man was very happy and delightful amongst them and to him there came a plate and he took it.When he saw me, he advanced towards me and said, O Salih, may Allah reward you in the best way for me,Allah the Almighty relieved me from the torture because my mother gave up wailing and lamenting. The reward of charity also reached me. Sahih said, what are these plates? These are the presents of the living people to their dead, from charity, recitation of the Qur’an and supplication. They descended upon them every night of thus. It is said this is the present of so and so to you. So, return to my mother and send peace upon her and say to her may Allah reward you in the best way for me. I received the reward of your charity on behalf of me and you will join us soon, so prepare yourself. Salih said, “I awake and come to the house of the mother of this youth after some days. I found a bier at its door. I asked for whom this bier is placed? They replied, for the mother of the youth. I offered prayer upon her and she was buried beside her son in this grave. I supplicated Allah for them and went away. We ask Allah to cause us to die while we are Muslims and join us to the righteous people and protect us from the Fire, for He is Ever-Generous, Ever Relenting and Ever-Merciful.
REFERENCE:
BOOK: “MAJOR SINS” OF IMAM SHAMSU ED-DEEN DHAHABI.
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