66. WASEEYAT MEIN A’ZAAR SAANI [Causing harm in bequests]
WASIYYAT MEIN EEZA RASANI
Allah ta’ala ne farmaya:
ۚ مِنۢ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَىٰ بِهَآ أَوْ دَيْنٍ غَيْرَ مُضَآرٍّ ۚ
“(Yeh) taqseem marne wale ki wasiyyat aur us kay qarz ki adaaegi kay ba’ad Amal mein laai jae bashart yeh keh woh (mayyat kay haq daaron ko) nuqsan na pohonchae”
An-Nisa 4 : 12
Ya’ani us wasiyyat se warison ko nuqsan na pohonche, woh is tarah keh woh aise qarz ki wasiyyat kare jo keh is kay zimma na hi, iska maqsad sirf warison ko nuqsan pohonchana ho tou Allah ne us se mana’ kia hai, aur Allah ta’ala ne farmaya:
وَصِيَّةً مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَلِيمٌ۞
“Yeh Allah ki taraf se hukum hai aur Allah Janne wala burdbar hai”
An Nisa 4 : 12
Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما ne farmaya: jo us ne meeras mein apne faraiz mein se halal qarar dia hai woh murdar hai
وَمَن يُطِعِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ يُدْخِلْهُ جَنَّٰتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْعَظِيمُ ۞وَمَن يَعْصِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَيَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَهُۥ يُدْخِلْهُ نَارًا خَٰلِدًا فِيهَا وَلَهُۥ عَذَابٌ مُّهِينٌ۞
وَمَن يُطِعِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ
“Jo shakhs Allah aur us kay Rasul ki ita’at karega”
Ya’ani mawarees kay baare mein
يُدْخِلْهُ جَنَّٰتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْعَظِيمُ ۞وَمَن يَعْصِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ
“Allah use aise baghat mein dakhil karega Jin kay neeche nehren jaari hongi, woh usi rahato Khushi mein hamesha rahenge aur yeh bari hi kamiabi hai, aur ko Allah aur us kay Rasul ki nafarmani karega”
Mujahid رحمه الله ne farmaya: Allah ta’ala ne mawarees mein jo farz kia hai us baare mein nafarmani karegi, ekramah Ibne Abbas رضي الله عنهما se bayan karte hain: jo shakhs Allah ki taqseem par raazi na ho aur Allah ta’ala ne jo farma dia hai usse tajawuz kare tou
((يدخله نارا))
Usko aag mein dakhil karega, Al kalbi ne farmaya: ya’ani woh mawarees mein Allah ta’ala ki taqseem ka inkar karta hai aur uski hudood se tajawuz karta hai aur use halal samajhta hai
يُدْخِلْهُ نَارًا خَٰلِدًا فِيهَا وَلَهُۥ عَذَابٌ مُّهِين
“Usko aag mein dakhil karega, woh us mein hamesha rahega aur us kay lie ruswa Kun azab hai”
Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه bayan karte hain RasullAllah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Aadmi aur aurat 60 saal tak Allah ki ita’at wale kaam karte rehte hain, lekin jab unki maut ka waqt aa pohonchta hai tou woh wasiyyat karne mein nuqsan pohoncha dete hain tou un kay lie jahannum wajib hojati hai” [Abu Dawood]
Phir Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه ne ayat tilawat farmai:
مِنۢ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَىٰ بِهَآ أَوْ دَيْنٍ غَيْرَ مُضَآرٍّ ۚ
“(Yeh taqseem) marne wale ki wasiyyat aur us kay qarz ki adaaegi kay ba’ad amal mein laai jae bashart yeh keh woh (mayyat kay haq daaron ko) nuqsan na pohonchae”
An-Nisa 4 : 12
Aur Aap ﷺ se marwi hai keh aap ne farmaya:
“Jo shakhs waris ki meeras le urre tou Allah uski jannat se meeras khatam kardeta hai”
Aur Aap ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Allah ne har haqdar ko uska haq de dia hai, pas waris kay lie koi wasiyat nahin” [1]
[1] Tirmidhi
Ise Amr bin kharja ne riwayat kia hai, iski sanad mein Ismael bin Ayash hai aur uski riwayat shamion se na ho tou us mein zo’af hota hai
REFERENCE:
Book: “Kabeerah Gunah”
Taleef: Shaikh Ul Islam Shams ad-Dīn adh-Dhahabī Rahimahullah.
Urdu Tarjumah: Abu Anas Muhammad Sarwar Gohar.
Bringing Loss to the Bequest
Allah Most High, says,{After payment of legacies and debts: so that no loss is caused (to any).}
(An-Nisa’: 12)
This means that when someone brings loss to heirs by claiming that he is indebted to such and such. Allah the Almighty says,{Thus is it ordained by Allah, and Allah is All-Knowing, Most Forbearing. Those are limits set by Allah: those who obey Allah and his Messenger will be admitted to gardens with rivers flowing beneath, to abide therein (forever) and that will be the supreme achievement. But those who disobey Allah and his Messenger and transgress his limits will be admitted to a fire, to abide therein: and they shall have a humiliating punishment.}
(An-Nisa’: 12-14)
The reward and the punishment mentioned in the aforementioned Ayat concerns those who deal with the inheritance. Abu Hurairah related that Prophet (pbuh) said, “A man or a woman work abiding by Allah’s commandments for sixty years until the death comes to them. Then they bring loss to the bequest and thereby they enter the hellfire”. Then Abu Hurairah reads, Allah’s saying: {After payment of legacies and debts: so that no loss is caused (to any one)}” ¹ “Whoever prevents his heirs from receiving their inheritance, Allah will prevent his inheriting Paradise.”² “Allah has given every one his right. Thus there is no bequest for an heir.”
¹Reported by Abu Dawud and At- Tirmidhi. ²Reported by Ibn Majah.
³Reported by Ibn Majah, At- Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Ahmad.
REFERENCE:
BOOK: “MAJOR SINS” OF IMAM SHAMSU ED-DEEN DHAHABI.
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