06. Poti ki wiraasat
06. Poti ki wiraasat
Poti say muraad Mayyat kay Betay ki Beti, Mayyat kay Potay ki Beti hai. Aur neechay tak.
Meeraas mein Poti ki paanch halatein hain:
✯ Pehli haalat: Poti ko (1/2) milay ga. Agar woh akeeli ho aur Mayyat ka Beta, Beti ya Pota mujood nah hon. (Pota chahay is ka Aini Bhai ho ya is kay Chacha ka Beta ho)
Misaal: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya aur us nay apni Biwi, Poti aur Chacha ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Biwi ko (1/8) milay ga. Poti ko (1/2) aur Chacha Asabah. Asal masla (8) Biwi ko (1) mila, Poti ko (4) aur baqi (3) Chacha ko Bator-e-Asabah milay ga.
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8 |
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1/8 |
Biwi |
1 |
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1/2 |
Poti |
4 |
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ع |
Chacha Ain |
3 |
✯ Doosri haalat: Poti ko jaedaad ka do tihai (2/3) milay ga. Agar woh aik say zayaada hon aur Mayyat ka Beta, Beti aur Pota mujood nah hon.
Misaal: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya. Apni Biwi, do Potiyaan aur Chacha ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Biwi ko (1/8) milay ga. Do Potiyon ko (2/3) aur Chacha Bator-e-Asabah waaris hoga. Asal masla (24) hai, Biwi ko (3) milay. Do Potiyon ko (16) aur baqi (5) Chacha Bator-e-Asabah lay ga.
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24 |
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1/8 |
Biwi |
3 |
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2/3 |
(2) Potiyan |
16 |
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ع |
Chacha Ain |
5 |
✯ Teesri haalat: Poti ko jaedaad ka chata hissa (1/6) milay ga chahay Potiyaan aik say zayada hon agar un kay hamrah Mayyat ki aik Beti mujood ho, “تكملة للثلثین” yani betiyon kay hissay (2/3) ko poora karnay kay liye. Jab Mayyat ka Beta aur Pota bhi mujood nah hon.
Misaal: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya. Apni Biwi, Beti do Potiyon aur Chacha ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Biwi ko (1/8) milay ga. Beti ko (1/2) do potiyon ko (1/6) “تكملة للثلثین” aur Chacha Asabah hai. Is ka asal masla (24) hai. Biwi ko (3) milein gay, Beti ko (12) do Potiyon ko (4) har aik ko (2) aur baqi (5) Chacha Bator-e-Asabah lay ga.
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24 |
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1/8 |
Biwi |
3 |
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1/2 |
Beti |
12 |
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1/6 |
(2)Potiyaan |
4 |
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ع |
Chacha Ain |
5 |
✯ Chothi haalat: Poti Mayyat kay Potay ki mujoodgi mein Asabah ban kar waaris hogi, Pota do hissay lay ga aur Poti aik hissa “لِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِ” kay qaida kay tahat. Jab Mayyat ka Beta mujood nah ho.
Misaal: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya. Apni Biwi, Beti, Poti aur Potay ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Biwi ko (1/8) milay ga. Beti ko (1/2) Pota aur Poti Bator-e-Asabah waaris hungay. Asal masla (8) hai. Biwi ko (1) mila Beti ko (4) aur baqi (3) Poti aur Pota lein gay. In mein say Poti ko (1) aur Potay ko (2) milein gay.
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8 |
8 |
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1/8 |
1 Biwi |
1 |
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1/2 |
4 Beti |
4 |
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ع |
3 Poti ain |
1 |
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ع |
Pota ain |
2 |
Note: Jab kabhi aurton ka hissa (2/3) poora ho jaye aur Poti wiraasat say mahroom ho rahi ho to apnay neechay walay padh-Potay ya shakad-Potay ki mujoodgi mein bhi Asabah ban kar waaris ban jati hai.
Misaal: Jab Poti padh-Potay ( Ibn-o-Ibn-e-Al Ibn) ki wajah say waaris hoti hai. Aik aadmi faut ho gaya. Us nay apni Biwi, do Betiyaan, Poti aur padh-Potay ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Biwi (1/8) lay gi. Do Betiyan (2/3) Poti padh-Potay kay sath mil kar Bator-e-Asabah baqi lein gay. Asal masla (24) hai Biwi ko (3) milay do Betiyon ko (16) har aik ko (8) aur baqi (5) Poti aur padh-Pota Bator-e-Asabah “لِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِ” ki ro say lein gay. Is masla mein padh-Pota mujood nah ho to aurton kay tihaai (2/3) hissay pooray ho janay ki wajah say Poti ko jaedaad mein say kuch bhi nah milta.
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24 |
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1/8 |
Biwi |
3 |
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2/3 |
(2) Betiyan |
16 |
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ع |
Poti Ain |
5 |
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ع |
padh-Pota Ain |
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✯ Paanchwin haalat:
Poti Mayyat kay Betay ki mujoodgi mein wiraasat say mahroom ho jati hai. Isi tarhan do Betiyon ki mujoodgi mein bhi wiraasat say mahroom ho jati hai. Kiunkeh aurton ka hissa do tihai (2/3) do Betiyon kay darmiyaan poora ho gaya hai.
Misaal 1: Aik aadmi faut ho gaya aur apni Biwi, Beta aur Poti ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Khaawand (1/4) lay ga aur baqi tarka Beta Bator-e-Asabah lay ga. Aur Poti Betay ki mujoodgi ki wajah say mahroom hai asal masla (4) hai Khawand ko (1) mila aur baqi (3) Beta lay ga. Jabkeh Poti wiraasat say mahroom hai.
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4 |
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1/4 |
Biwi |
1 |
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ع |
Beta Ain |
3 |
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م |
Poti |
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Misaal 2: Aik aurat faut ho gai. Apnay Khaawand, Do Betiyon, Poti aur Aini Bhai ko zindah chodha.
Hal: Khaawand (1/2) lay ga. Do Betiyan (2/3) Poti aurton ka hissa do tihai (2/3) poora ho janay ki wajah say mahroom hai aur baqi Bhai Bator-e-Asabah lay ga. Asal masla (12) hai. Khawand ko (3) milay do Betiyon ko (8) har aik ko (4) Poti waarsat say mahroom hai aur baqi (1) Bhai lay ga.
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12 |
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1/4 |
Khawand |
3 |
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2/3 |
2)Betiyaan |
6 |
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م |
Poti |
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ع |
Bhai ain |
1 |
✦ Poti ki wiraasat kay dalaail: Sab mufassrin is par muttafiq hain keh Qoulihi ta’ala:
يُوصِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِىٓ أَوۡلَـٰدِڪُمۡۖ
(Sorat-ul-Nisaa)
Mein lafz (aulaad) say muraad mutawaffa ki Sulbi aulaad hain. Aur sulbi aulaad ki adam mujoodgi mein Pota Betay ka darja mein aa jata hai aur Poti Beti kay darjay mein aa jati hai.
✦ Poti ki teesri haalat ki Daleel:
حديث هزيل بن شرحبيل قال: جاء رجل إلى أبي موسى الاشعري رضي الله عنه وسلمان بن ربيعه فسأله عن ابنة وابنةابن وأخت شقيقة فقالا: لابنته النصف وللاخت النصف ولم يورثا ابنة الابن شيئا وقالا: إت ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه فإنه سيتابعنا، فأتاه الرجل فسأله وأخبره بقولهما: قال قد ضللت إذاوما أنا من المهتدين ولكن سأقضى فيها بقضاء النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم لابنته النصف ولابنة الابن السدس تكملةللثلثين وما بقى فللاخت الشقيقة فجاء إلى أبي موسى فأخبره بجواب ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه فقال لا تسألوني عن شيئي مادام هذا الحبر فيكم (رواه البخاري، والترمذي، وابن ماجة)
“Huzail bin Shurhabeel say marwi hai us nay kaha: Aik aadmi Sayyiduna Abu Moosa Ashari رضی اللہ عنہ aur Salman bin Rabia (رحمہ اللہ) kay paas aaya aur Beti Poti aur Aini Behan ki wiraasat kay mutalliq poocha. Unhon nay jawab diya keh Beti aadhi jaedaad lay gi aur baqi aadi Aini Behan lay gi, Aur Poti wiraasat say mahroom hai. Aur mazeed kaha keh tum Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Maso’od رضی اللہ عنہ say bhi ja kar poch lo, Woh bhi hamari muwafiqat karein gay, Chunancha aadmi un kay paas gaya aur mazkoorah masla ka hal poocha. Aur un kay jawab mein say bhi mutt’alay kiya aur bataya kay unhon nay kaha hai kay Ibn-e-Maso’od رضی اللہ عنہ say ja kar pocho woh bhi hamari muwafaqat karein gay. To Ibn-e-Masood رضی اللہ عنہ nay jawab diya. Agar mein un ki muwafaqat karunga to mein hidaayat par nahi hon ga. Mein tumhein is masla kay baray mein Nabi Akram صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم kay fatwa say mutt’ala karta hon. Aap nay Beti ko aadhi jaedaad di aur Poti ko chatta hissa “تكملة للثلثین” diya aur baqi Aini Behan ko diya. To woh aadmi dubaara Sayyiduna Abu Moosa Ash’ari رضی اللہ عنہ kay paas gaya aur Ibn-e-Masood رضی اللہ عنہ kay jawab say mutt’ala kiya. To unhon nay kaha jab tak yeh aalim tum mein mujood hai to mujh say kuch nah pochna” (Bukhaari, Tirmizi aur Ibn-e-Maajah)
REFERENCE:
Book: “Islam Ka Qanoon-e-Warasaat”
By Salah Uddin Haider Lakhwi.